Chemical Technology; Or, Chemistry in Its Applications to the Arts and Manufactures, Volume 1, Issue 1H. Baillière, 1855 - Chemistry, Technical |
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Page 10
... covering each specimen with a varnish of specific gravity = 1.000 , which , without giving rise to error , ensured the presence of the whole natural quantity of air in the wood . The most important of his experiments are given in the ...
... covering each specimen with a varnish of specific gravity = 1.000 , which , without giving rise to error , ensured the presence of the whole natural quantity of air in the wood . The most important of his experiments are given in the ...
Page 15
... covering of vegetation . With the change of season these plants die and fall to the ground , making room for a second crop in the following spring ; this process goes on from year to year , until the shallow pool becomes a bog , and is ...
... covering of vegetation . With the change of season these plants die and fall to the ground , making room for a second crop in the following spring ; this process goes on from year to year , until the shallow pool becomes a bog , and is ...
Page 61
... coverings . Preparation of Charcoal under a moveable covering . In Meiler , or mounds . The meiler consists of a uniformly arranged stack of wood , partially protected from direct contact with the atmospheric air by a moveable covering ...
... coverings . Preparation of Charcoal under a moveable covering . In Meiler , or mounds . The meiler consists of a uniformly arranged stack of wood , partially protected from direct contact with the atmospheric air by a moveable covering ...
Page 63
... covering . It is also quite evident , that many spaces must be left when the logs are laid horizontally and in a radiating manner round the stake in one or more concentric rings , from the great divergence of outer ends of the logs ...
... covering . It is also quite evident , that many spaces must be left when the logs are laid horizontally and in a radiating manner round the stake in one or more concentric rings , from the great divergence of outer ends of the logs ...
Page 64
... covering may be supported . The upper part is covered with smaller logs in a horizontal position . The logs must be packed as closely as possible together , in order to avoid too rapid a circulation of the air ; and it is sometimes ...
... covering may be supported . The upper part is covered with smaller logs in a horizontal position . The logs must be packed as closely as possible together , in order to avoid too rapid a circulation of the air ; and it is sometimes ...
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Common terms and phrases
acetate acetic acid air-dried Anthracite apertures apparatus aqueous vapour arrangement ash-pit Beech blast boiler bottom bricks brown coal burning calculated carbonic acid carburetted carburetted hydrogen cast-iron charcoal charring chimney clay closed coke combustion composition condensed constructed consumed contained cooling cubic feet cubic foot cylinders diameter door draught dried dry distillation earthy employed escape evaporation evolved experiments fire flame flues fuel furnace gaseous gases grate grate-bars heap heating power hopper hydrogen hygroscopic ignited inches iron kiln latter layers lignite lime liquid manner manufacture means meiler metal naphtha Newcastle nitrogen obtained ovens oxide oxygen pass peat pipes pitch placed plungers portion produced products of combustion proportion pyroligneous acid pyrometrical heating retort shown in Fig side small coal smoke space specific gravity specific heat steam stove substances sulphur supply surface temperature turf upper ventilation vessel warmed weight wood دو
Popular passages
Page 203 - England it is customary to define a heat unit as the quantity of heat that is required to raise the temperature of a pound of water 1° on the Fahrenheit scale.
Page 253 - L of energy of the heat communicated; and that a corresponding machine, or the same machine worked backwards, may be employed to produce cooling effects requiring about the same expenditure of energy in working it to cool the same substance through a similar range of temperature. When a body is heated by such means about...
Page 212 - ... the temperature of 212° F. under any circumstances. The sides and top of the stove are thus converted into a hot chamber, offering an extensive surface of heated metal ; at the bottom, by an opening in the ornamental part, the air is allowed to enter, and rises as it becomes warmed, traversing in its ascent the different compartments formed by the hot parallel plates, and is allowed to escape at the top by some similar opening into the room.
Page 98 - The nature (age) of the peat, its consequent density, &c., must direct the burner. A mound, of the circumference stated, produced from not quite air-dried peat, 24 per cent. of the weight and 27 of the bulk ; from air-dried, 27 per cent. in weight and 32£ in volume ; from freshly dug Pfungstadt peat, 30 per cent. in weight and 29 in bulk; from excellent peat, quite dry, 35£ of the weight and 49 per cent. of the bulk. In the district of Siegen very good peat produced 23 per cent. of the weight and...
Page 41 - Coal occurs in almost every principal subdivision of Spain, but we have only included the Asturias region. Hence, as regards European countries, Great Britain takes the first rank : Belgium, as regards territorial proportion, occupies the second rank, although in relative coal area she is the least of the four. Pennsylvania, in respect of territorial proportion, is higher than any of these, being relatively...
Page 323 - ... should be concealed. 4. It should possess considerable cohesion of its particles, so that it may not be broken into too small fragments by the constant attrition which it may experience in the vessel. 5. It should combine a considerable density with such mechanical structure that it may easily be...