Mr. O'CONNELL. The Intelsat I space segment which was launched in 1965 continues to perform reliably.

Colonel JOHNSON. These are in Hawaii, the west coast, the State of Washington, Canada, one at Ascension Island, Spain, here in southeast Asia, and Hong Kong, the Philippines, and two in Australia.

PLANS FOR THE IMMEDIATE FUTURE

Mr. O'CONNELL. During the remainder of 1966 and throughout 1967, the communications satellite capability in the Atlantic will be augmented and commercial service will be introduced in the Pacific

Before the end of 1966 we will have implemented communications satellite space segment capability which can serve approximately 75 percent of the populated areas of the earth's surface. Implementation of commercial service will depend upon completion of earth terminals which are progressing as shown on this overlay: (chart 8, referred to, follows:)

COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE
GLOBAL SYSTEM PROGRAM

Mr. O'CONNELL. During the 1966-67 time period, specific progress will be made as follows:

The implementation of 11 additional earth terminals as shown on this chart.

The launching of up to four additional communications satellites, two more in the Atlantic and two more in the Pacific area.

Colonel JOHNSON. One of these in the Atlantic is intended to replace the so-called Early Bird which is scheduled to be retired.

Mr. WRIGHT. You speak of the implementation of commercial service. What exactly will that mean?

Mr. O'CONNELL. All we have been talking about so far, sir, is commercial service furnished through Intelsat, the international satellite organization that owns the space segments, and

Mr. WRIGHT. The whole system is private?

Mr. O'CONNELL. The whole system is privately owned by a consortium of 53 nations, 53 different national entities.

Mr. WRIGHT. But not the national governments of these countries; private individual and investor groups?

Mr. O'CONNELL. Well, in a great many of the countries, the PTT's, the post, telephone and telegraph, a government entity, are the operating entities at their ends. They own the earth stations and operate in conformance with the operation of the rest of the telecommunication facilities in their nations.

Mr. WRIGHT. When we speak of commercial service we imply that the owners of the system, the corporation, will be at liberty to charge a rate for the use of the system, for reception from the system.

Mr. O'CONNELL. That is correct.

Mr. WRIGHT. And transmision?

Mr. O'CONNELL. Yes; in accordance with tariffs which, in the United States for our use, are set by the Federal Communications Commission. Of course, in this country we have a commercial organization. the Communications Satellite Corporation, chartered by the 1962 act of Congress, which acts as the U.S. entity, and which is involved in this.

There are some other private companies in some of the nations that are associated with it, but more of them are Government entities, I would say.

Mr. WRIGHT. And the rates to be charged either to the Government or to the private receivers would be regulated by the FCC within the United States?

Mr. O'CONNELL. That is right, sir.

Mr. WRIGHT. Thank you.

Mr. RANDALL. Just an additional point of information. You said that in many of the foreign governments there is a common description, I think you said the PTT's.

Mr. O'CONNELL. Well, in France it is the Poste Téléphonique et Télégraphique.

Mr. RANDALL. That is just as to France?

Mr. O'CONNELL. As to France. The British Post Office is the counterpart in Great Britain.

Mr. RANDALL. I see.

Mr. O'CONNELL. Great Britain is now planning to transform their government post office operations to a corporate structure.

Mr. RANDALL. It is very close to the Government, but a separat public corporation?

Mr. O'CONNELL. It will be a public corporation.

Mr. RANDALL. Thank you, sir.

Mr. O'CONNELL. In Great Britain, this is a very interesting chang in national philosophy that they are going through.

KDD is the counterpart in Japan. The Japanese have the sam general format. They have two corporations, one to handle the domes tic business and one to handle the international business. These ar

largely Government corporations, but they function as private corporations.

Mr. RANDALL. Thank you, sir.

Mr. O'CONNELL. During 1968, the global communications satellite system of Intelsat will be further extended in capability as shown on this overlay.

(Chart 9 follows:)

ད་

CHART DTM-9

Mr. O'CONNELL. In this time period we should have in the order of 38 or more active earth terminals. The space segment for this time period is expected to consist of eight fully operational synchronous satellites.

Mr. RANDALL. What is the time table on that?

Mr. O'CONNELL. 1968.

Mr. RANDALL. You will have fully synchronous satellites at that time?

Mr. O'CONNELL. Eight fully operational synchronous satellites and some 38 active earth terminals.

Mr. RANDALL. Do you have a chart that will show the distribution of those synchronous satellites somewhere?

Colonel JOHNSON. It is in the statement, sir, and shown here.
Mr. O'CONNELL. Indicate them on the chart.

Colonel JOHNSON. There will be four in the Atlantic, assuming one for support of international air traffic; three in the Pacific, and one in the Indian Ocean area, according to present plans.

Mr. RANDALL. Fine. Thank you, sir.

PROGRESS IN THE DEFENSE COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE PROGRAM

Mr. O'CONNELL. The next section is the progress in the Defer Communications Satellite System.

This progress has also been encouraging, although unfortunate we did have a failure at the last launching. The initial launch, whic was made in June, was completely successful, and we have the firs seven of the DCS satellites in near-synchronous orbit. All are per forming satisfactorily.

This chart (chart 10) indicates the general concept for the spas segment of the initial defense communications satellite program. T satellites will be launched into a near-synchronous equatorial orbit. (Chart 10, referred to above, follows:)

IDCSP SPACE SEGMENT(1966)

CHART DTM-10

Mr. O'CONNELL. We were hoping by today to have eight more! orbit but, as I say, the launch failed, and we

Mr. RANDALL. What were you using to launch it with, what kind a booster?

Mr. O'CONNELL. A Titan.

Mr. RANDALL. A Titan?

Mr. O'CONNELL. A Titan III-C.

Mr. RANDALL. All right.

Mr. O'CONNELL. We do not have a full report in detail on the causes Chairman Holifield said he is going to ask the Air Force to com forward and give a detailed report to the committee as to just whe the causes of the failure were.

Mr. RANDALL. Thank you.

Mr. O'CONNELL. This system will provide essential worldwide cot erage for those unique and vital national security communicationneeds of the National Communications System.

The next chart (chart 11) shows a typical pattern of use for the Defense Communications Satellite System.

(Chart 11, referred to above, follows:)

EARTH STATION DEPLOYMENT FOR IDCSP (1966)

Mr. O'CONNELL. We now have seven satellites in orbit. Early in calendar year 1967 the third launch of the initial defense communications satellite program will be made. It is possible that it will be pushed forward because of the launch difficulty with the second one. The program for production and delivery of the earth terminals to be used in the initial defense communications satellite program is as follows:

At present there are two fixed-ground terminals plus four transportable terminals deployed and ready for operation. Three additional earth terminals will be deployed before the end of the year.

During 1967, 18 additional earth terminals will be deployed. In 1968, an additional number of earth terminals will be produced and deployed throughout the world to selected sites.

There is also a program for shipboard communications satellite terminals. Seven of these will be completed during 1966 and 1967; additional units will be delivered in 1968.

Mr. RANDALL. Mr. O'Connell, on the shipboard, it is contemplated that the foreign governments would participate in this?

Mr. O'CONNELL. No.

Mr. RANDALL. They will be on the other terminals, won't they, on the earth terminals?

Mr. O'CONNELL. No, sir. This is the Defense Department's system. Mr. RANDALL. This is our own? This is nothing but our own on the ship terminals?

Mr. O'CONNELL. They are for U.S. defense.

Mr. RANDALL. Thank you, sir.