testimony lately given to the non-effect, to the still remaining evil influence, in spite of a great deal of education, when it is mere secular education, and it comes from a very unobjectionable witness, Judge Ball, in his charge at the assizes of in the county of Tipperary, a Roman Catholic judge. I will just read you what he says about the state of crime in Tipperary, and the state of education :

"I have told you that of which I must again remind you as a most unfortunate ' circumstance, that your calendar presents on this occasion a mass of crime of the most appalling description. I have only to hope, that from what I have heard of the apparent tranquillity that has prevailed during the last two months, you may not be likely in future to have to deal with crime to so great an amount. I will 'call your attention to a singular circumstance, having perhaps no connection with 'your present enquiries, but probably remotely connected with the state of the 'calendar; and that is, the degree of education existing amongst those whose names are now before me. I have obtained returns from the governor of the gaol, and 'without any reference to any acquisition they have made since they came to the gaol, the result is, that out of a calendar of eighty-nine persons, twenty-seven only 'cannot either read or write, leaving sixty odd who were at the time they came in ' either able to read or write, and there are only about ten instances in which these sixty odd did not read and write-that is, they continued to read and write in the gaol.' He makes a very useful remark on that. Gentlemen, this fact may possibly be thought of great assistance, and turned to account by those disposed to 'consider the statistics of crime with a view to the reformation of criminals, and ' others may think not undeserving of attention the startling amount of education to be found among these people.'

"Now, what is wanted in Ireland is not education, but good education, an education that will be profitable to them. And I might hazard a conjecture that among the unfortunate people that are brought to the dock and the gaol in England, if they were to be examined as to the state of their education, it would be found that ignorance was the companion of crime in a much greater degree than it is in Ireland. And it is melancholy to think how much of that secular education may be going on without any amelioration of society. And let this be remarked, that this is after the national system of education has been going on for above ten years in Ireland. And it would make it clearer still if it was stated how many of these persons were young persons. The majority of these persons are young men from twenty to twenty-five years of age, so that many of them have passed through the National Schools of Education. "I have a little account here given of something of the kind of instruction given in these National Schools, that may help us to form an idea whether they are likely to produce good social results. I quote from an Achill Herald, the editor is responsible for the truth of what is asserted; I have heard it before, and believe it to be true. In illustration of the truth of his assertion, that there is vile trash taught in the National Schools, I will mention a circumstance lately come under the notice of a member of the Government. On visiting a large national school in the south, the visitor having expressed himself much pleased with the order of the school, and the intelligence of the scholars, expressed a wish to see a specimen of their writing. A copy-book was placed in his hands, when to his great annoyance he found the words, Hurrah for Repeal.' Here is national eductation, On turning the leaf, the next copy was St. Patrick was a gentleman;' we do not quote the whole song, I dare say it would not be edifying. On the next, one of 'The Songs from the Nation.' I hope none of you are acquainted with the Irish publication, the proprietor of which is now

one of the traversers on the trial. One of the songs from The Nation' breathing the spirit of fierce and sanguinary revolution, for which the poetical compositions which appear in that journal are remarkable. These are the instructions given in some of the national schools.

เ

“And in conclusion, my noble friend, Lord Bernard, gave me a report of some national schools in the county of Cork, to the authenticity of which he is ready to pledge himself, and, if an opportunity should occur, ready to lay it before the House of Commons. At Mr. Lieward's suggestion, I went to the Youghal National School, a spacious building, containing usually 400 children, well fitted up, and supplied with a large stock of books. In a quarter of an hour's conversation with the master, an intelligent but vulgar man, he told me that scripture extracts were not used, but half an hour after school hours is devoted to hearing and explaining the Popish Catechism, which is the only book of a religious kind used in the school. There is a room adjacent to the school, containing a lending library, containing, as far as I could see, books of a very pernicious tendency, political and historical. The History of the Catholic Association stood very prominently among them.' Now, whilst the Scriptures are excluded from these schools, there is no sufficient means taken to exclude the very worst books of other kinds that can possibly be introduced into them,

"And now, my lord, I would take the liberty to state, in contrast to this, the moral, the social, the loyal effects of scriptural education, where it really takes root and takes hold upon the people of Ireland. I have made enquiries, and am able to state it as a fact, and I have asked my noble friend, Lord Bernard, who knows a great deal of what is going on in that country, and who lives in a country where there has been a great deal of political agitation during the last year, and where there is also a large circulation of the Scriptures among the Roman Catholics speaking the Irish language, he told me that he knew it to be a fact, that not any of the Irish Roman Catholics that read the Scriptures have ever been found at those Monster Meetings for Repeal in Cork, or Meath, or Tarah-the poor men, with their Irish Bibles in their homes and in their hands, never join in any of these violent political meetings. And I remember myself one time coming from a meeting of the Irish Society in the county of Cavan, and as I was walking home by King's Court, I overtook a man in the road, and I saluted him as well as I could in my bad Irish, just thinking I might draw something out of the man to see what he was. He answered me in English, so I soon found out he was not a Roman Catholic, and I asked him (he did not know who I was) if it was really the fact that there was a great number of Roman Catholics in that neighbourhood reading the Scriptures. He said undoubtedly it was a fact, many were reading it. And I said, Now tell me the honest truth, are they as bitter against your sort as the Roman Catholics in general? No, said he, quite the contrary, they are more on our side than they are on the other side. And that really is the fact, whenever they get the Scriptures among them, it dissevers them from the whole Popish combination, and they become friendly to all lovers of peace and lovers of truth. It is, my lord, our assurance of the value of this principle of Scriptural Education, and the bounden duty that it imposes on us not to make the compromise that shall give up the Bible out of those schools, to suffer what we may rather than do so, that makes us rather come as poor beggars, with our hats in the hands to get what we cnn for you, rather than go to the National Board where they would willingly pour out of their abundance to us if we would only compromise the principle. When I was a parochial clergyman and fouror five schools under my care, I have not a doubt but there was nothing that

could have asked from the National Board they would not have given me for those schools; ah! and I believe they would have allowed me to evade all their rules, if the could only have gained the sanction of my name to their ungodly principles.

Such is the scheme which, in spite of all expectations, in spite of all expressions of opinion, in spite of all Church principles or sound policy, the present ministers are fixedly maintaining. Compare this place with their voice when in opposition, and ask you must with Lord John Russell (Wednesday, April 23d)—

"Whether or not there shall be a future discussion on that subject, I know not. If there should be, I should think it will be my duty to contrast the conduct of the right hon. gentleman opposite from 1836 to 1841-and from 1841 to 1843, with that which they are at present pursuing; and I know, if I do, that I must come to th;s conclusion, either that there was the greatest blindness and want of foresight exhibited by them from 1835 to 1843, and in that case I can entertain no opinion of their wisdom-but I must suppose them to be the Ministers most wanting in capacity who have ever ruled this country (Opposition cheers); or if, on the other hand, I come to the conclusion that they are men of great ability and great capacity, I must then deny that they acted with any sincerity during the course of that period. (Renewed cheers)."

Wicked as was the Irish policy of the last ministers, it had the semblance of principle. They did not propose a Registration Bill out of office, and forget it when in power. It is true they did not carry into effect the appropriation clause, but their will was not in default. Power was only wanting. Bad as such a line of policy was, it was sincere. The present policy is equally bad, because it originates with men who are sacrificing every principle at the shrine of mis-called expediency. The wealth of Ireland, its middle classes, are Conservative. Its representatives, in spite of every election outrage and intimidation, are as about forty Conservatives to sixty-five Liberals: and yet, when Ireland asks bread, we give it a stone; when it pleads for fish, we present it with the scorpion of national schools and the College of Maynooth.

Such is the first act of the present policy. Let our readers judge how far it accords with that which was promised, and if they are fainthearted, when the mind glances towards broken faith, still let us remember that all hearts are in His governance who can create peace and desolation. We have lived long enough to trust too much in man, and the lesson which we are now being taught is severe, yet needful. We are precluded from entering further on the present and prospective policy to Ireland, but will endeavour in our next to open the question more, and unfold the pressing danger in which every one of our institutions is placed. Ireland is ever suffering at the hands of its friends, but one day it will learn to distinguish disguised foes from honest

and Christian favourers. One day it shall be truly Catholic, in life as well as doctrine, in love towards the brethren as well as in duty towards its God.

The hills of Derrynane shall re-echo with peace on earth and goodwill towards men. The black north and pleasant south shall meet no longer with the scoul of defiance, but with the kiss of peace. National education shall teach all men that there is but one Lord, one faith, one baptism. The present Premier unhappily has delayed this period by his mistaken and vicious policy, yet the rising light is too powerful to be concealed, God's word is too true not to be completed.

SCHISM IN THE ROMISH CHURCH.

"The Apostolical Christians, or Catholic Church of Germany. A Narrative of the Present Movement in the Roman Catholic Church; comprising Authentic Documents with Reference to the Coat of Treves, &c." Edited by Henry Smith, Esq., Author of "The Pilgrim's Staff," &c. With a Recommendatory Preface, by the Rev. W. Goode. London: B. Wertheim. 1845.

Most of our readers have no doubt heard of the great schism which has lately sprung up, and is still fast spreading, in the Roman Catholic Church of Germany, as well as of the exhibition of the "holy tunic" at Treves. Yet the knowledge which has reached them through the newspapers must of necessity have been so fragmentary and meagre, that they will join us in thanking the editor of the present volume for presenting us in a connected form with a full and documentary account of two of the most remarkable events of the present age. We speak advisedly when we say two events: for the exhibition of such a relic as this pretended coat of our Saviour, in the middle of the 19th century, in a country lying midway between infidel France and philosophic Germany, and the offer of indulgences to all who should perform a pilgrimage to this relic, is of itself an event as unexpected and astounding as the schism to which it has given occasion.

But the fact is, that in the Romish as well as in the various Protestant churches in the world the dead leaven of indifference and cold formalism is broken up. Both the people and the clergy are awaking to the conviction that religion is a reality, and are anxious to evince their better feelings in works of devotion and charity. They look to their hierarchy for guidance; they wish them to take the lead in this spiritual struggle, and to show them the haven in which they may anchor securely in the tempests of this bustling and money-getting world. But Rome, which never understood the true mystery of godliness, fancies her children are yearning after the showy baubles and the false miracles of the middle ages, and hastens to satisfy these supposed wants. The people ask for the Mediator between God and their troubled consciences, and the Pope sends them the Jesuits; they earnestly enquire what they must do to be saved, and his holiness bids them, through the Bishop of Treves, to go and worship-an old coat!

"We have the satisfaction to announce to the clergy and faithful "people of the Bishopric of Treves," says the Vicar-General of the diocese of Treves, in his programme of the exhibition of the 6th July, 1844, "that our Reverend Father, the Lord Bishop, in consequence of "the numerous pious wishes expressed by the Clergy of the Diocese, "has been pleased to consent to the public exposition and adoration of "that inestimable treasure, the seamless coat of our Lord and Saviour "Jesus Christ, which is preserved in the Cathedral Church of this See. During the course of the present year, in accordance with this gra"cious resolution, the said holy relic will be exhibited in the Cathedral "Church, on the 18th of August next, for a period of six weeks, to "gratify the pious desires of all those who have formed the design of "undertaking a pilgrimage to Treves, to honour the holy coat of our "Divine Redeemer by direct inspection, and thus obtain the entire "absolution promised by Pope Leo X., on the 26th of January, 1514. According to that celebrated Bull, the said Pope, desiring that the "Cathedral at Treves, which enjoys the honour of being the Repository "of the Seamless Coat of our Lord, and of so many other holy relics, may be distinguished in a corresponding manner by magnificent cere"monials and splendid adornments, grants a full and perfect absolution, "throughout all succeeding ages, to those of the faithful who shall "make a pilgrimage to Treves, on the exposition of the holy coat, sincerely repenting of their sins, and doing penance for the same, or "who have formed the steadfast resolution to do so, and, moreover, "contribute liberally towards the suitable endowment of the Cathedral " at Treves."

It is true the absolution is at first made dependent on the pilgrims