tween the merits of collectivism and the merits of free enterprise that the standard of living that our system can produce even for the least favored in our industrial society.

Senator DOUGLAS. Thank you very much.

I appreciate your coming.

Mr. LUBIN. Thank you.

Senator DOUGLAS. The tables to which you referred earlier will be made a part of the record at this point.

(The tables referred to are as follows:)

TABLE 1.-Estimated effects of increasing the Federal minimum wage, New York State, April 1954

TABLE 2.-Percent distribution of manufacturing production workers, by plant gross average hourly earnings, New York State, January 1955

1 Less than 0.05 percent.

10.1 percent of workers in plants with earnings less than 80 cents.

TABLE 3.-Estimated distribution of production workers in durable- and nondurable-goods manufacturing industries by straight-time average hourly earnings, New York State, April 1954

1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.

NOTE.-Because of rounding, sums of individual items do not necessarily equal totals.

Source: Estimated by the Division of Research and Statistics, New York State Department of Labor on the basis of data for the Northeastern States by industry and for the Middle Atlantic States by durable and nondurable goods as determined by the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

TABLE 4.-Changes in average hourly earnings of manufacturing production workers employed in industries which had lowest average hourly earnings prior to the adoption of the 75-cent minimum wage, New York State

TABLE 5.-Changes in average hourly earnings of manufacturing production workers employed in industries which had medium average hourly earnings prior to the adoption of the 75-cent minimum wage, New York State

TABLE 6.-Changes in average hourly earnings of manufacturing production workers employed in industries which had high average hourly earnings prior to the adoption of the 75-cent minimum wage, New York State

TABLE 7.—Employment trends in relation to current earnings levels, 1947–April 1954, textile-mill products industry

1 U. S. Department of Commerce, Burcau of the Census, Annual Surveys of Manufactures, 1952. 2 State reports.

* Computed from State reports on the basis of BLS formulas.

NOTE.-Employment data not strictly comparable because of classification differences, adjustment to benchmark data, and seasonal variations in employment.

TABLE 8.-Employment trends in relation to current earnings levels, 1947–April 1954, apparel and other finished textile products industry

1 U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Annual Surveys of Manufactures, 1952. 2 State reports.

1 Computed from State reports on the basis of BLS formulas.

NOTE.-Employment data not strictly comparable because of classification differences, adjustment to benchmark data and seasonal variations in employment.

TABLE 9.-Employment trends in relation to current earnings levels, 1947–April 1954, leather and leather products industry

1 U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Annual Surveys of Manufactures, 1952. * State reports.

Computed from State reports on the basis of BLS formulas.

NOTE.-Employment data not strictly comparable because of classification differences, adjustment to