"f. The Commission is directed to distribute within Distribution for independthe United States sufficient special nuclear material to ent research, permit the conduct of widespread independent research etc. and development activities to the maximum extent practicable.50 In the event that applications for special nuclear material exceed the amount available for distribution, preference shall be given to those activities which are most likely, in the opinion of the Commission, to contribute to basic research, to the development of peacetime uses of atomic energy, or to the economic and military strength of the Nation. "SEC. 54. FOREIGN DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL.- -a. The Commission is authorized to cooperate with any nation or group of nations by distributing special nuclear material and to distribute such special nuclear material, pursuant to the terms of an agreement for cooperation to which such nation or group of nations is a party and which is made in accordance with section 123. Unless hereafter otherwise authorized by law the Commission shall be compensated for special nuclear material so distributed at not less than the Commission's published charges applicable to the domestic distribution of such material, except that the Commission to assist and encourage research on peaceful uses or for medical therapy may so distribute without charge during any calendar year only a quantity of such material which at the time of transfer does not exceed in value $10,000 in the case of one nation or $50,000 in the case of any group of nations. The Commission may distribute to the International Atomic Energy Agency, or to any group of nations, only such amounts of special nuclear materials and for such period of time as are authorized by Congress: Provided, however, That, (i) notwithstanding this provision, the Commission is hereby authorized, subject to the provisions of section 123, to distribute to the Agency five thousand kilograms of contained uranium-235, five hundred grams of uranium-233, and three kilograms of plutonium, together with the amounts of special nuclear material which will match in amount the sum of all quantities of special nuclear materials made available by all other members of the Agency to June 1, 1960; and (ii) notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this subsection, the Commission may distribute to the International Atomic Energy Agency, or to any group of nations, such other amounts of special nuclear materials and for such other periods of time as are established in writing by the Commission: Provided, however, That before they are established by the Commission pursuant to this subdivision (ii), such proposed amounts and 50 Public Law 90-190 (81 Stat. 575) (1967), sec. 9. deleted the following phrase which appeared at the end of this sentence: "and within the limitations set by the President purusant to section 41." 38-938-79-3 Foreign dis- tribution of material, Purchase of special nuclear material. Foreign distribution of certain materials. periods shall be submitted to the Congress and referred "b. Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 123, 124, and 125, the Commission is authorized to distribute to any person outside the United States (1) plutonium containing 80 per centum or more by weight of plutonium238, and (2) other special nuclear material when it has, in accordance with subsection 57 d., exempted certain classes or quantities of such other special nuclear material or kinds of uses or users thereof from the requirements for a license set forth in this chapter. Unless hereafter otherwise authorized by law, the Commission shall be *See Public Law 95-110, sec. 301b, page 141. compensated for special nuclear material so distributed at not less than the Commission's published charges applicable to the domestic distribution of such material. The Commission shall not distribute any plutonium containing 80 per centum or more by weight of plutonium238 to any person under this subsection if, in its opinion, such distribution would be inimical to the common defense and security. The Commission may require such reports regarding the use of material distributed pursuant to the provisions of this subsection as it deems necessary. "c. The Commission is authorized to license or otherwise permit others to distribute special nuclear material to any person outside the United States under the same conditions, except as to charges, as would be applicable if the material were distributed by the Commission.51 "d. The authority to distribute special nuclear material under this section other than under an export license granted by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission shall extend only to the following small quantities of special nuclear material (in no event more than five hundred 51 Section 2 of Public Law 93-377 (88 Stat. 473) (1974), amended section 54. Previously section 54 read as follows: "SEC. 54. FOREIGN DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL.-The Commission is authorized to cooperate with any nation by distributing special nuclear material and to distribute such special nuclear material, pursuant to the terms of an agreement for cooperation to which such nation is a party and which is made in accordance with section 123. Unless hereafter otherwise authorized by law the Commission shall be compensated for special nuclear material so distributed at not less than the Commission's published charges applicable to the domestic distribution of such material, except that the Commission to assist and encourage research on peaceful uses or for medical therapy may so distribute without charge during any calendar year only a quantity of such material which at the time of transfer does not exceed in value $10,000 in the case of one nation or $50,000 in the case of any group of nations. The Commission may distribute to the International Atomic Energy Agency, or to any group of nations, only such amounts of special nuclear materials and for such periods of time as are authorized by Congress: Provided, however, That, notwithstanding this provision, the Commission is hereby authorized subject to the provisions of section 123, to distribute to the Agency five thousand kilograms of contained uranium-235, five hundred grams of uranium 233 and three kilograms of plutonium together with the amounts of special nuclear material which will match in amount the sum of all quantities of special nuclear materials made available by all other members of the Agency to July 1, 1960. The Commission may agree to repurchase any special nuclear material distributed under a sale arrangement pursuant to this section which is not consumed in the course of the activities conducted in accordance with the agreement for cooperation, or any uranium remaining after irradiation of such special nuclear material, at a repurchase price not to exceed the Commission's sale price for comparable special nuclear material or uranium in effect at the time of delivery of such material to the Commission. The Commission may also agree to purchase, consistent with and within the period of the agreement for cooperation, special nuclear material produced in a nuclear reactor located outside the United States through the use of special nuclear material which was leased or sold pursuant to this section. Under any such agreement, the Commission shall purchase only such material as is delivered to the Commission during any period when there is in effect a guaranteed purchase price for the same material produced in a nuclear reactor by a person licensed under section 104, established by the Commission pursuant to section 56, and the price to be paid shall be the price so established by the Commission and in effect for the same material delivered to the Commission.* * Public Law 88-487 (78 Stat. 602) (1964) had added the last three sentences to section 54. Public Law 87-206 (75 Stat. 475) (1961) sec. 4, had added the words "five hundred grams of uranium 233 and three kilograms of plutonium" to the proviso in this section. Public Law 85-177 (71 Stat. 453) (1957), sec. 7, had added the second and third sentences, including the proviso, to sec. 54. Acquisition. 42 U.S.C. sec. 2075. 41 U.S.C. 252 (c) (see 41 U.S.C. 260 (b).) Guaranteed 42 U.S.C. sec. 2076. grams per year of the uranium isotope 233, the uranium isotope 235, or plutonium contained in special nuclear material to any recipient): "(1) which are contained in laboratory samples, medical devices, or monitoring or other instruments; or "(2) the distribution of which is needed to deal with an emergency situation in which time is of the essence. "e. The authority in this section to commit United States funds for any activities pursuant to any subsequent arrangement under section 131 a. (2) (E) shall be subject to the requirements of section 131.52 "SEC. 55. ACQUISITION.-The Commission is authorized, to the extent it deems necessary to effectuate the provisions of this Act, to purchase without regard to the limitations in section 54 or any guaranteed purchase prices established pursuant to section 56, and to take, requisition, condemn, or otherwise acquire any special nuclear material or any interest therein. Any contract of purchase made under this section may be made without regard to the provisions of section 3709 of the Revised Statutes, as amended, upon certification by the Commission that such action is necessary in the interest of the common defense and security, or upon a showing by the Commission that advertising is not reasonably practicable. Partial and advance payments may be made under contracts for such purposes. Just compensation shall be made for any right, property, or interest in property taken, requisitioned, or condemned under this section.53 Provided, That the authority in this section to commit United States funds for any activities pursuant to any subsequent arrangement under section 131 a. (2) (E) shall be subject to the requirements of section 131.54 "SEC. 56. GUARANTEED PURCHASE PRICES.-The Compurchase prices mission shall establish guaranteed purchase prices for plutonium produced in a nuclear reactor by a person licensed under section 104 and delivered to the Commission before January 1, 1971. The Commission shall also establish for such periods of time as it may deem necessary but not to exceed ten years as to any such period, guaranteed purchase prices for uranium enriched in the 53 Public Law 95-242 (92 Stat. 125) (1978), sec. 301(a) and sec. 303 (b) (1) added subsec. 54 (d) and subsec. 54 (e), respectively. 53 Public Law 88-489 (78 Stat. 602) (1964), sec. 10, amended sec. 55 by substituting a complete new sec. 55. Before amendment sec. 55 read as follows: SEC. 55. ACQUISITION.-The Commission is authorized to purchase or otherwise acquire any special nuclear material or any interest therein outside the United States without regard to the provisions of section 3709 of the Revised Statutes, as amended, upon certification by the Commission that such action is necessary in the interest of the common defense and security, or upon a showing by the Commission that advertising is not reasonably practicable. Partial and advance payments may be made under contracts for such purposes." Public Law 95-242 (92 Stat. 131) (1978), sec. 303(b) (2), added the proviso at the end of sec. 55. isotope 233 produced in a nuclear reactor by a person licensed under section 103 or section 104 and delivered to the Commission within the period of the guarantee.55 Guaranteed purchase prices established under the authority of this section shall not exceed the Commission's determination of the estimated value of plutonium or uranium enriched in the isotope 233 as fuel in nuclear reactors, and such prices shall be established on a nondiscriminatory basis: Provided, That the Commission is authorized to establish such guaranteed purchase prices only for such plutonium or uranium enriched in the isotope 233 as the Commission shall determine is produced through the use of special nuclear material which was leased or sold by the Commission pursuant to section 53.56 "SEC. 57. PROHIBITION. Unauthorized handling. sec. 2077. "a. Unless authorized by a general or specific license 42 U.S.C issued by the Commission, which the Commission is authorized to issue pursuant to section 53, no person may transfer or receive in interstate commerce, transfer, deliver, acquire, own, possess, receive possession of or title to, or import into or export from the United States may special nuclear material. production. transfers. "b. It shall be unlawful for any person to directly or Special nuclear indirectly engage in the production of any special nuclear material, material outside of the United States except (1) as spe- Technology cifically authorized under an agreement for cooperation 42 U.S.C. 2077. made pursuant to section 123, including a specific authori- Post, p. 142. zation in a subsequent arrangement under section 131 of this Act, or (2) upon authorization by the Secretary of Post, p. 127. Energy after a determination that such activity will not be inimical to the interest of the United States: Provided, That any such determination by the Secretary of Energy shall be made only with the concurrence of the Department of State and after consultation with the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, the Nuclear requests, Regulatory Commission, the Department of Commerce, and the Department of Defense. The Secretary of Energy shall, within ninety days after the enactment of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978, establish orderly and expeditious procedures, including provision for necessary administrative actions and inter-agency memoranda of understanding, which are mutually agreeable to the 55 Public Law 91-560 (84 Stat. 1472) (1970), sec. 2, added "section 103 or" to this sentence. 56 Public Law 88-489 (78 Stat. 602) (1964), sec. 11 amended sec. 56 by substituting a new_sec. 56. Before amendment sec. 56 read as follows: "SEC. 56. FAIR PRICE.-In determining the fair price to be paid by the Commission pursuant to section 52 for the production of any special nuclear material, the Commission shall take into consideration the value of the special nuclear material for its intended use by the United States and may give such weight to the actual cost of producing that material as the Commission finds to be equitable. The fair price, as may be determined by the Commission, shall apply to all licensed producers of the same material: Provided, however, That the Commission may establish guaranteed fair prices for all special nuclear material delivered to the Commission for such period of time as it may deem necessary but not to exceed seven years.' Authorization procedures. |