not exempted by law from taxation; the number of shares of stock which are taxable; with the name of the corporation: in any bank, railroad, insurance, manufacturing, or other incorporated company; and a specification of the amount of each class of personal property mentioned in Section 43. 6. The true ratable value of the several items enumerated in the preceding column, placed opposite the description of said property or shares. 7. The true value of machinery used in all kinds of manufacturing establishments, including steam engines, etc., the value of such machinery to be entered opposite the description of the building in which it is used. 8 and 9. The whole number of taxable live stock, including horses, mules, asses, oxen, cows, steers, heifers, sheep and swine; each kind to be stated separately, with the value affixed to each. 10 and II. A description of all other ratable estate, not before enumerated, such as carriages, income, plate, furniture, tons of vessels, etc., with the true value of the same. 12. 13. The aggregate of each person's ratable personal estate. 14. Buildings of all kinds shall be described in the following manner: Dwelling-houses; barns; shops of all kinds, naming their uses; stores; warehouses; distil-houses; breweries; tanneries and other manufactories of leather; ropewalks; grist-mills; saw-mills; steam and other mills not above enumerated; cotton factories, with the number of spindles and 'looms used in the same; woolen factories, with the number of sets of cards used in the same; linen factories, with the number of spindles and looms; print-works; bleacheries; gas-works; paper-mills; card-factories; boot and shoe factories; india-rubber factories; carriage and car factories; pianoforte and musical instrument factories; sewing-machine factories; chair, pail, tub, and other wooden-ware factories; oil factories; glass factories; all kinds of iron and brass works, and other buildings not above named. 15. The true value of buildings enumerated in the preceding column placed opposite the description of the same, including water wheels; such value to be exclusive of land and water power, and of the machinery used in said buildings. 16, 17 and 18. A description by name or otherwise of each and every lot of land assessed, the same placed opposite the name of the person or party to whom it is taxable, with the number of acres or feet in each lot, the number of quartz-sand beds, of stone quarries and ore beds, and the true value thereof. 19 and 20. The number of superficial feet of wharf, and the total value of the same. 21. 22. 23. The aggregate value of each person's taxable real estate. The aggregate cash tax assessed to each person on polls, and on personal and real estate. PART V. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS. 1. BAKE SHOPS. 2. HOURS OF LABOR. 3. WAGES. 4. SANITARY CONDITION. 5. PROPOSED LAW, 6. ALIEN LABORERS. 7. PROTECTION OF MOTORMEN. 8. EXTRACT FROM BULLETIN U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR. CONDITION OF BAKE SHOPS. One of the most important functions of economic life is the baking industry. According to the last United States Census, there were 1,027 bakers in Connecticut. The figures do not include the pastry cooks and confectioners, many of whom work underground, but are excluded as they are not directly interested in the production of bread. They constitute an important class when it is taken into consideration that shopkeepers, tradesmen and consumers are directly interested in their product, and it is evident that what affects this industry must at the same time affect the people at large. The untiring efforts made by the journeymen bakers of New York and Brooklyn during the past few years, to check the evils in the baking trade has called forth a similar endeavor on the part of the bakers in many of the other States. Laws have been passed providing for State inspection in New York, Ohio, Massachusetts, New Jersey and Ontario. At the solicitation of the Bakers and Confectioners' International Union, made through their organization in this State, an inspection has been made by agents of this Bureau in the cities of the While the investigation has been comparatively limited in scope and duration, it has developed the fact, that the condition of most of the shops demand sanitary improvement and imperative legislation in that direction is needed. Subject matter was offered the Bureau on which to base a report, by members of the Bakers Union, but it was declined, it being deemed advisable that the facts should be ascertained by special agents of the Bureau, that were not connected with the trade, and therefore impartial. The master bakers have, as a class, sprung from the ranks, and yet they fail, except in a few instances, to try and better the condition under which their employes are laboring. The facts and figures are given without animosity toward them. It may be said here, that the purely cracker and biscuit shops are in fine condition without exception. Care is taken that the material is protected from contamination and all tools and machines were found to be clean. All of them make their product above ground. It is not to be understood that all are neglectful. There were found shops in all of the places visited where the neatness would have been the envy of the noted "New England housewife." Of the 181 shops inspected, ninety-seven were reported clean, fifty-seven as dirty, and twenty-seven as filthy. The term "dirty" used signifies that the surroundings and tools were not in such a condition as to conduce to a clean product. "Filthy" means about all the word signifies. Places were found which were swarming with vermin, and, even while bread was being kneaded, cockroaches were holding high carnival on the kneading board. A larger percentage of persons than ever before are patrons of restaurants and bakeries. They have a right, and should demand that such food should be prepared under good sanitary conditions and wholesome surroundings. The resolutions called for in the appended bill to be offered at the incoming session of the General Assembly, are for the benefit of those engaged in preparing the food and for the protection as well, of those who consume it. And yet the agents sent out to look into this subject, have found bakeries in which filthy, foul and ill smelling water closets were maintained in the room and in close proximity to where the bread was being prepared. Much carelessness was found in the protection of the materials used, from contamination. In one place butter, lard, sugar and flour were found standing in a stable but a few feet from a horse. Some of the cases were uncovered and were absorbing the odors of the stable. It was not uncommon to find leaky sewer pipes running over kneading boards and the barrels of supplies. Of the 181 shops inspected, ninety-five were situated in cellars, and, of the total number of 664 employed in the shops, 324 were employed in the cellar shops. In all of this class of shops the ventilation was found to be of the poorest. Poor, even before the ovens were started, when the gases from the warm products add to the general uncomfortable surroundings. In some of these shops it was necessary to use artificial light all the time. When to the damp cellar is added the fact, that some of them are less than 6 feet in height, it can readily be understood that |