inveterate malice of the Moorish inhabitants. His conduct, therefore, was at once prudent and liberal. The circumftances under which our traveller made his firft appearance at Sego, were undoubtedly fuch as to create, in the mind of the king, a well-warranted fufpicion, that the ftranger concealed the true object of his journey. When Park told the meffenger, that he came from a great distance, and through many dangers, to behold the Joliba river, it was naturally inquired, if there were no rivers in his own country, and whether one river was not like another? Notwithstanding this, and in fpite of the jealous machinations of the Moors, this benevolent prince thought it fufficient that a white man was found in his dominions in a condition of extreme wretchedness, and that no other plea was neceffary to entitle the fufferer to his bounty. It is gratifying to add, that it was not on this occafion only, Mr. Park derived advantage from the high estimation and honourable light in which the Tobauboes (or whites) are held throughout all the Negro territories in this part of Africa." P. 27. Leaving Silla, Mr. Park travelled in a weftward direction back again, along the Niger. On arriving at Kamalia, he was detained by fickness for a period much too long, confidering the fufferings of the individual; but the regret of which will be diminished to the reader, when he confiders the ample opportunity which was thus afforded Mr. Park, of being made acquainted with the climate and its productions, its agriculture, manufactures, as well as manners of the inhabitants. The conclufion of the fourth chapter relates the circumstances generally of Mr. Park's return to the Gambia, and of his departure for England, by the way of America. We should have been much more circumftantial in our account of this elegant production, but, as we before said, it is only the precurfor of Mr. Park's own work, which may in a fhort time be expected, and which will give the public a circumftantial narrative of his adventures, fufferings, and difcoveries. The geographical illuftrations of Major Rennel will be highly acceptable to every claffical reader; but we think it will be more pertinent and proper to referve our comment on these till the real work, which they are profeffedly intended to adorn and illuftrate, fhall appear. By the whole, in its prefent ftate, fo much and fuch important gratification is afforded to the inquifitive mind, that we expect Mr. Park's own nar rative with eager curiofity; and are induced to look forwards. to the promised labours of Major Rennel with increased conviction, that the obfcurity in which both ancient and modern Africa are involved, will be materially and effectually removed. ART. ART. V. Tranflation of the Paffages from Greek, Latin, Italian, and French Writers, quoted in the Prefaces and Notes to the Purfuits of Literature, a Poem, in Four Dialogues. To which is prefixed, A Prefatory Epiftle, intended as a general Vindication of the Purfuits of Literature, from various Remarks which have been made upon that Work; by the Tranflater. 8vo. 189 pp. 3s. 6d. Becket, Pall Mall. 1798. THIS publication comes out as the work of a friend to the author of the Pursuits of Literature, or at leaf to his .poem, who is willing to tranflate for the country gentle-men and women. Eft verò aut Erafmus aut Diabolus. The freedom of fome of the tranflations is that of a primary, not a secondary perfonage; and a great part of the Prefatory Epistle bears the traces of the fame ftyle, and the fame mental energy. The author (or his friend) thinks this a proper opportunity for making a general reply to the affailants of the P. of L. feveral of whom certainly little deferved any notice and it is a compliment of fome value, paid to the author of the Progress of Satire, that he is fingled out to bear the chief brunt of the reply, and occupies three fourths of the Prefatory Epistle. On this antagonift the writer is fometimes witty, but difplays rather too much eagerness to be fo: and, if the whole of his cenfure is not repelled (as indeed it cannot be) many of the most material objections receive a folid answer. We shall not involve ourselves, or attempt to amuse our readers, with these altercations, but, turning to the clofe of this Preface, lay before them a paffage fo full of virtuous and manly fentiment, fo marked with vigour of ftyle, and originality of thought, that, for the fake of introducing it, we have placed this account ámong our primary articles. The writer is vindicating the interference of the author of Pursuits of Literature, and the dignity of the undertaking, which he does in the following terms. "Whoever indeed stands forward, ät fuch a perilous period as the prefent, with boldness, confidence, and an honest intention in the pubfic fervice, with a name or without a name, known or unknown, is furely worthy of fome regard, and I fhould think, of kindness. But when a gentleman (without any intereft, but that of every other fub * Reviewed Brit. Crit, vol. xi, p. 127. much improved edition has been published, Since which, a new and jea 36. Tranflation of Citations in the Pursuits of Literature.~ ject in the country) has devoted his time, fortune, and ability, in the hope of being ufeful, it is but a common cause to rescue his memory" from the gripe of injuftice, and the fangs of malignity. When he, has defended the triple fortress of Religion, Morality, and Literature, from its foundation to the topmost battlements, must he be left on the field without the common honours of a common foldier? Because a few trumpery poetafters, half critics, jugglers in fcience, or indecent commentators, are held forth and configned to ridicule or contempt, as they have refpectively deserved, muft this work on the Pursuits of Literature be degraded and depreciated? I truft not. The public will never fuffer fuch impotence and dulnefs, fuch under-conjurors and journeymen aftrologers, the Sidrophels and Whacums of the day, to read backwards for them the great page of literature, and declare the interpretation of it. When the fun is high in the heaven, who afke for fubfidiary aid? "Literature indeed, at this hour, can hardly be divided from the principles of political fafety. Satire alfo has a character which fhe was never before called upon to affume. Senfum cœlefti traxit ab arce! › She must now co-operate with the other guardians and watchful powers. of the state, in her degree. "Such AN UNION is now demanded of the minds, the talents, and fortunes, of the soul and bodies, of all the inhabitants of Great Britain, as never before entered into the hearts of Englishmen to conceive. We must be preferved from the tyranny and power of France; from all her principles, and from all her arms, open or concealed, mental, moral, or political. I have pride and fatisfaction in feeing, and feeling, that we are all so convinced. We know we must die, or defend ourselves from THE MONSTROUS REPUBLIC. Inftat terribilis vivis; morientibus hæret ; If we confider it from the commencement, it has threatened, devoted and given over all its victims to defolation, wretchedness, plunder, and final death. BLOOD is the cement of the Republic of France, "Some victims have bled for principle, others for example, fome for funeral pomp, and fome for a civic feaft. Blood muft flow. Each faction has delivered over its predeceffors to death. The Priests of Reason hold their rites in the field of Mars. First, indeed, they foothe awhile their favageness with fong and feftival. But thefe are the preludes of fanguinary cruelty; the ftops and paufes of their war fymphonies. With their laurel and cyprefs branches bound together, and dipped in blood, they advance to the altar, and perform their ab horred luftration. The manes of all that is brave, and all that is fe * This is faid upon a jocular fuppofition of the author of the P. of L. being dead, in confequence of an affertion of his chief antagonift. How he devoted his fortune does not appear. rocious 'rocious, are invoked in their democratic incantations to Reason and her Republic. Sævis opus eft, et fortibus umbris, Ipfa facet manes; HOMINUM MORS OMNIS IN USU EST. "On the blood of their murdered monarch they have fworn hatred to tyranny; and they have established a Directory. On the blood of innocence and virginity they have fworn to reftore, and to protect the female dignity; and they have annulled the bond of marriage, and the charities of confanguinity. On the blood of their generals ftreaming on the fcaffold, and on the blood of armies partially devoted by other generals in the day of battle, they have fworn to give honour and encouragement to the defenders of the Republic. Such are their decrees; fuch are their oaths, registered in blood. All is contradiction with them, yet all is in action. Principles of the moment, principles of reflection, principles of defolation, principles of fafety, all have had their hour; all have rifen and fallen. Banifhment and deportation have now fuperfeded the axe of the guillotine, and the fabre of ruffian maffacre. How long?-All changes with them: all but the fixed luft of plunder and aggrandifement, and the rooted hatred to Chriftian religion. To every government, and to every establishment in Europe, they apply but one axiom, "WHATEVER IS, IS WRONG!" "I am most serious in my words, and earneft in my thoughts. I have been inftructed by these great events, to confider all actions as of fome weight, and that nothing is now to be neglected, as wholly unimportant. If the efforts of the united genius, learning, poetry, and eloquence of a country can be directed with ftrength and difcretion in their proper and natural courfes, we may yet have confidence. Enterprifes of great pith and moment will fucceed, and a righteous fecurity may be established. Confider for a moment what is the hope of bad men. The orator of Athens has declared, "Their hope of fafety is placed in the excess of their wickednefs, and iniquity alone." The haunts, and caves, and tenements, and fculking huts of fophiftry, anarchy, rebellion, democracy, and Jacobinifm, will at length be fully revealed, and finally levelled and ruined. When the fountains of hallowed fire are once opened, and flowing with liquid purity in the filence of the night, the objects which darkness would conceal are not only discovered, but deftroyed. The force of France is indeed formidable; but her PRINCIPLES, wherever they take root, and grow, and bear, are alone invincible. If we think otherwife, I fear we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not with us. France invites every European government to fuicide. Her high Prieft told her along ago, that no government could perish but by its own hand, and by its own confent to die. The government of Great Britain has given no fuch confent. Her King, her Nobles, her Commons, her Senators, her Statefmen, her Lawyers, her Artists, her Merchants, her Citizens, her Peasants, all maintain and declare with one voice, and with arms in their hands, "GREAT BRITAIN HAS GIVEN NO SUCH CONSENT." She has not lifted up her arms against herfelf: fhe is willing and defirous to live. She has humbled herself before God the Judge of all, through the Great Mediator of humanity. She knows her ftrength, and has felt her infirmity; fhe is earnett for her prefervation from her foes within and without; and having done all, and ftill committing herfelf and her caufe, TO HIM who judgeth righteously, SHE hopes yet to ftand. "Whether the end of all things may be at hand; and what the decrees of Eternal Power, Wisdom, Juftice, and Goodness may intend in the laft refort, we acknowledge to be infcrutable. But, we truft, it cannot be deemed an unwarrantable prefumption to fuggeft or to af- Si quidquam mutare velis; UNOQUE SUB ICTU Whatever conteft calls forth, at this moment, fuch animated and glowing expreffions of genuine patriotifm, may be hailed as aufpicious. We have not very anxiously examined the tranflations. There can be little doubt that they are executed with fufficient accuracy to be a proper guide for the unlearned. ART. VI. A Voyage to the South Atlantic, and round Cape Horn, into the Pacific Ocean, for the Purpose of extending the Spermaceti Whale Fisheries, and other Objects of Commerce, by afcertaining the Ports, Bays, Harbours, and Anchoring Births, in certain funds and Crafts in thofe Seas, at which the Ships of the British Merchants might be refitted. Undertaken and per formed by Captain James Colnett, of the Royal Navy, in the Ship Rattler. 4to. 197 pp. 11. 5s. Egerton, White, &c. 1798. THE HE Introduction to this work informs us, that the author, who is a Captain in his Majefty's Navy, was nominated by the Admiralty, in the year 1792, to undertake a voyage, planned in confequence of a memorial from merchants, con cerned |