that valuable time of the committee and of the Navy Department might be saved by settling this question once and for all, particularly as a large amount of money is not involved in the test."

COMMENDS ITSELF TO REAR-ADMIRAL MELVILLE AND COMMANDER

WAINWRIGHT.

You will thus see, gentlemen, that the one-man boat idea has appealed to the Engineer in Chief of the Navy, who has made a special study of submarine-boat construction, and to Commander Wainwright, who so gallantly commanded the Gloucester off the southern shore of Cuba, and who, as Superintendent of the Naval Academy, has taken special interest in the subject of submarine-boat operation.

MR. MORIARTY'S TECHNICAL EXPERIENCE AND INVENTIONS.

Mr. Moriarty is a man of experience and education in matters respecting submarine warfare. For eight years he was employed at the torpedo station t Newport, R. I., as instrument maker, during which time his work related particularly to the repair and adjustment of the Whitehead, Howell, and other torpedoes. Desiring to become independent, he resigned his position at the station and established himself in business. Since that time he has been given numerous orders by the commandants of the Newport Torpedo Station, and has invented a torpedo locator, which indicates the position of a torpedo lost in the water, and a combined depth and rolling register, which automatically records on a roll of paper the movements of a torpedo while beneath the surface. The value of these inventions has been recognized by the Government, which now has them in use.

Mr. Moriarty is the only inventor of submarine craft having expert knowledge of submarine warfare. He is therefore best equipped to design a boat that will deliver a torpedo with deadly effect.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BOAT.

The one-man boat is the development of years of study which Mr. Moriarty has given to the subject of submarine warfare. A torpedo is simply a submarine boat. Mr. Moriarty has changed it so as to accommodate the operator, has equipped it with a method of propulsion, and has supplied it with a terrible weapon-a torpedo-the propulsion of which he can use, by an ingenious device, for assisting in propelling the boat.

THE QUALITIES OF THE ONE-MAN BOAT.

The boat combines structural strength, handiness, compactness, simplicity, and safety, and it is practically invisible, economical in cost, and easy of operation.

With respect to the features of the boat, and for a detailed description thereof, I beg to refer you to Document "No. 123 ad.," of the Committee on Naval Affairs of the House of Representatives, May 22, 1902, which contains a full report of the hearing before that com. mittee on the Moriarty submarine boat.

THE QUESTION OF SIZE OF THE SUBMARINE BOAT.

The committee will recall to mind that a short time previous to the Spanish-American war Paul Boyton attached to an English cruiser in the harbor of New York a dummy torpedo, having swam from the shore in his rubber suit. The torpedo was attached, although regular sentries had been posted and strict injunctions given to keep everything in the shape of a small craft from the war ship.

The Russian Government is experimenting with a small boat of about 20 tons, that can be carried on the deck of a battle ship.

The only experimenting done by Germany in the submarine line is with a small launch of very light displacement. This boat is so small in size that the German Admiralty does not regard it as in the regular submarine class. From the fact that they are testing a boat of this size one can well believe that that naval power believes that development will come from the small rather than the large boat.

As for France, the last craft authorized are of only 67 tons displacement. A few years ago France had a boat of over 400 tons. The French admiralty each year is practically reducing the size of their submarine craft.

In furtherance of the policy of seeking to find out the value of the submarine craft, the French admiralty gives special encouragement and holds out substantial inducement to every inventor to work along new lines.

This information is gleaned from the reports of the naval chiefs of the Navy Department, as submitted to the House Naval Committee, with the exception of the facts relating to the Boynton episode.

LEGISLATION REQUESTED.

In view of Admiral Melville's recommendation that the Congress can well afford to spend $15,000 to demonstrate whether or not a oneman boat is feasible, and Commander Wainwright's statement that this boat might become useful, the committee will, I hope, consider that it is advisable to take advantage of Mr. Moriarty's invention, especially in view of the promise it gives of becoming a most efficient and economical submarine boat. What Mr. Moriarty desires is that your committee recommend the enactment of substantially the following provision:

"The Secretary of the Navy may, in his discretion, contract with the Newport Manufacturing Company, of Newport, R. I., for the construction of a submarine boat, to be built under the patents of Thomas J. Moriarty, said boat to be constructed under the direction of the inventor and the supervision of the Navy Department, and for the purpose of constructing said boat and conducting experiments in connection therewith the sum of $15,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, is hereby appropriated."

CONSTRUCTION DISCRETIONARY WITH THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY.

This provision commits the Government to nothing unless the Secretary of the Navy, after a full consideration of the subject, should determine that it is advisable to build the boat. You will notice that it contains the words "in his discretion."

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The committee will also notice that Mr. Moriarty has no idea of making any money out of the Government, for the legislation suggested makes an appropriation of $15,000 or so much thereof as may be necessary." All that Mr. Moriarty asks is that the Government shall give him that encouragement which is certainly due from a great Government to an honest and reliable inventor. He is confident that the returns the Government will receive will be far greater than the outlay which he requests it to make.

STATEMENT OF MR. THOMAS J. MORIARTY, PRESIDENT OF THE NEWPORT MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

THE COMPANY'S PLANT.

The CHAIRMAN. Do you represent a company, Mr. Moriarty?
Mr. MORIARTY. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. Where is it located?

Mr. MORIARTY. At Newport, R. I.

The CHAIRMAN. Have you a plant there?
Mr. MORIARTY. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. How extensive is it?

Mr. MORIARTY. It represents about $25,000 of equipment. I might say that the tools are of such character that particularly equip us for filling the numerous orders that are given us by the torpedo station at Newport. We also do work for the Naval War College, naval training station, likewise for the Ordnance and Engineer Department of the Army. In fact we make a specialty of military and naval work. Our billheads show this fact.

HAVE BUILT SMALL BOATS FOR EXPERIMENTAL PURPOSES.

The CHAIRMAN. Have you built heretofore any naval craft of any kind?

Mr. MORIARTY. No; but scores of implements for naval craft. The CHAIRMAN. Have you built any boats or vessels of any kind for private use?

Mr. MORIARTY. Only for my own use. During the eight years, however, that I was at the torpedo station I saw dozens of small tor pedo boats hauled up and repaired, and this induced me to give con siderable study to the matter.

The CHAIRMAN. What have you built for yourself?

Mr. MORIARTY. Small boats for pleasure; also some for experimental purposes.

The CHAIRMAN. In the torpedo-boat line?

Mr. MORIARTY. Yes; I have worked on some small boats for the special purpose of demonstrating the principal features that are contained in the plans of my submarine boat.

REASONS FOR NOT HAVING SUBMITTED PLANS TO NAVY DEPARTMENT.

The CHAIRMAN. Have you ever submitted your plans to the Navy Department?

Mr. MORIARTY. No, sir; I have not. In connection with this matter I will state that up to a few weeks ago, upon advice of counsel, I did no exploiting. After I was assured that my patent rights were in

good shape I sent a descriptive circular, with drawings attached, of my boat to the commissioned officers of the American Navy preparatory to bringing the matter to the attention of the Secretary of the Navy. Just about this time Mr. Long retired from office, and I was assured that Mr. Moody would be very busy for the first month acquainting himself with the routine work of the Department. About this time I also heard that the House Naval Committee intended to give extended hearings to all interested in submarine boats. It was this combination of affairs which caused me to bring the matter to the attention of the Naval Committee before securing an expression of opinion from the Navy Department.

As I fully realize that the sanction of the Department ought to be Becured before the Government was committed to an expenditure, I have asked that the appropriation be made available only upon the contingency that the Navy Department approves the building of this boat.

ONE MAN CAPABLE OF WORKING IT.

The CHAIRMAN. This boat o. yours is called the one-man boat. If you developed and completed such a boat as you have in your mind, could one man work it?

Mr. MORIARTY, I believe that he could. have discussed this submarine-boat question with many officers at Newport. I have found that there was a good contingent of officers who believe that the smaller the submarine boat the more liable she is to be successful. I might say that in Europe the tendency is toward the smaller boats.

IS SUBMERSIBLE.

The CHAIRMAN. Is it submersible?

Mr. MORIARTY. Yes, sir.

ENCOURAGEMENT TO INVENTORS.

The CHAIRMAN. You have not completed it?

Mr. MORIARTY. No, sir; I have read the service papers very carefully, and as I found that all naval powers were giving substantial encouragement to inventors of submarine boats, particularly if the boat held out some promise of development, I believed that our Government would take the same attitude. The Government practically appropriated $150,000 for experimenting with the Plunger-the first of the Holland boats. Considering the fact that such an officer as Admiral Melville believes that it would be to the interest of the Government to spend $15,000 to definitely find out the possibilities of a one-man boat, I think that I can ask the favorable consideration of the committee to appropriate that amount for experimental purposes-a sum one-tenth that appropriated for experimenting with the Plunger.

PATENTS.

The CHAIRMAN. Have you a patent covering the construction of the boat you have in mind?

Mr. MORIARTY. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. A patent that has been issued?

Mr. MORIARTY. Yes, sir; patents have been granted us in this country, also in about eight others.

ESTIMATED COST OF FIRST BOAT.

The CHAIRMAN. How do you get at the figure of $15,000 that you think the first boat would cost?

Mr. MORIARTY. This estimate is based upon the assumption that during the course of construction we shall find that it will be possible to make some improvement in details. It is also probable that during the course of construction the naval inspector would recommend changes which would be directed by the Government. This development and improvement will greatly add to the cost.

I have also had considerable experience in developing military and naval inventions, and I appreciate the necessity of having the first article turn out an efficient one. In order that there might not be any deficiency which would cause delay, I have calculated after much care and consideration that $15,000 will be required. You will understand that this appropriation is to be expended under the direction of the Government, so that if there should be any surplus it will be turned into the Treasury. I shall be considerably disappointed if I do not build a successful boat for less than $15,000, but I am sure that the Navy Department in case such an experiment should be made. would want an appropriation sufficiently large to thoroughly determine the question whether or not it is feasible to have a one-man boat. My estimates have been quite carefully made.

The CHAIRMAN. How do you get at that?

Mr. MORIARTY. It is based upon the prevailing price of labor and material. I have had considerable experience in computing and esti· mating on Government work, particularly appliances of an experimental order. If I had not had this extended experience, my figures would have been much lower. Since the boat is a small one, and the auxiliaries installed are simple in character, the great problem has been to arrange these appliances so as to make the boat stable and put every machine readily and positively under the control of the operator.

DIMENSIONS OF BOAT.

The CHAIRMAN. How large would it be?

My

Mr. MORIARTY. It is not intended to have it over 10 or 12 feet. idea, after conference with a number of naval officers, is to keep it as small as I possibly can. The cost of a second boat would be very much less in case this boat upon official trial should turn out successful.

SPACE FOR MAN.

The CHAIRMAN. Where would you get the depth; where would you get the space for a man?

Mr. MORIARTY. For a short period a man can work in a very contracted space. If you only knew into what small corners some men go to sleep on board a war ship, you would realize that it was possible to work in very contracted quarters.

The CHAIRMAN. Ten feet long would be less than the length of this table.

Mr. MORIARTY. I have had experience in ducking boats. I find if there is some incentive to induce a man to take a contracted position he can adapt himself to some very uncomfortable positions.