3.—THE FRIENDS (WILBURITE).

The Wilburite Friends are thus called because John Wilbur, of New England, was their principal leader in opposing Joseph J. Gurney and his teaching. They separated from the Orthodox body in the New England Yearly Meeting in 1845, in the Ohio in 1854, and in the western Iowa and Kansas in 1877. They are very conservative, and were unwilling to adopt the new methods devised as the church became aggressive in evangelistic and missionary work. They make much of the doctrine of the light within, holding that every man, by reason of the atonement, has an inward seed, or light, given him, which, as it is heeded, will lead him to salvation. They deny instantaneous conversion and the resurrection of the body. The controlling portion of the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting hold to the views of Wilbur, though they have not separated from the body of the church further than to decline epistolary correspondence with it. They are counted with the Orthodox branch.

The Wilburite Friends have 5 Yearly Meetings, with 52 organizations, 52 church edifices, valued at $67,000, and

4329 members. They are represented in the States of Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island. The average seating capacity of their church edifices is 253, and the average value $1288. There are no halls. A single private house is occupied.

4.—THE FRIENDS (PRIMITIVE).

The Primitive Friends are in faith and practice Wilburite. They separated from the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting because that body refused to correspond with the New England and Ohio (Wilbur) Yearly Meetings, and they do not affiliate with the latter because they recognize the Philadelphia meeting by ministerial visitations and by exchanging certificates of membership.

They have 9 organizations, 5 church edifices, valued at $16,700, and 232 members. They are found only in Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island. The average seating capacity of their church edifices is 210, and the average value $3340. One hall, with a seating capacity of 50, and 3 private houses are occupied.

SUMMARY BY STATES OF ALL FRIENDS.-Continued.

CHAPTER XXII.

FRIENDS OF THE TEMPLE.

THIS is a small body which had its origin in Würtemburg, Germany, upward of fifty years ago. It is variously called Temple Society, Friends of the Temple, "Hoffmannites." The Rev. Christopher Hoffmann, president of the Temple colonies in Palestine, and author of most of its standard literature, appears to be its chief leader.

The Friends of the Temple have for their great object the gathering of the people of God in Palestine. To this end they constitute Temples, i.e., spiritual communities, in various countries, and these assist in the construction of the Temple in the Holy Land, which is to become a center for regenerated humanity. They believe in the power of God which raised Christ from the dead, to build up a spiritual house, a holy priesthood," and without formulating their doctrines declare their full acceptance of the Scriptures, of the law of Moses as well as the Gospel of Christ. They believe that all the prophecies will be fulfilled, and that as Christ came to work out the fulfillment, that should also be the mission of his followers. The chief task of the Temple Society is to secure the spiritual development of its members, who are under the oversight of presidents and other officers, and meet for worship on Sundays and on special occasions. No regulations have been adopted concerning baptism and the Lord's Supper, individual convictions being allowed full play.