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WITNESS: Wm. Blount, John Woods, Saml. Taylor, Robert Anderfon, Benj. Lawrance, John Pitchlynn, James Cole, Interpreters.

Articles of a Treaty

BETWEEN THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

AND THE

CHICKASAW S.

ORIGINAL.

ARTICLES OF A TREATY,

Concluded at Hopewell, on the Keowee, near Seneca Old Town, between Benjamin Hawkins, Andrew Pickens, and Jofeph Martin, Commiffioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, of the one Part; and Piomingo, Head Warrior and Firft Minister of the Chickafaw Nation; Mingatufhka, one of the leading Chiefs; and Latopoia, first beloved· Man of the faid Nation, Commiffioners Plenipotentiary of all the Chickafaws of the other Part.

T

HE Commiffioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America give peace to the Chickafaw Nation, and receive them into the favour and protection of the faid States, on the following conditions.

ARTICLE I.

fouers and

The Commiffioners Plenipotentiary of the Chickafaw nation, fhall restore all the prifon- Indians to ers, citizens of the United States, to their en- rettore pritire liberty, if any there be in the Chickafaw nation. They fhall also restore all the negroes, and all other property taken during the late war, from the citizens; if any there be in the

property.

Acknow

tection of

U. S.

Chickafaw nation, to fuch perfon, and at fuch time and place, as the Commiffioners of the United States of America fhall appoint.

ARTICLE II.

The Commiffioners Plenipotentiary of the ledge pro- Chickafaws, do hereby acknowledge the tribes and the towns of the Chickafaw nation, to be under the protection of the United States of America, and of no other fovereign whofoever. ARTICLE III.

Boundaries.

The boundary of the lands hereby allotted to the Chickafaw nation to live and hunt on, within the limits of the United States of America, is, and fhall be the following, viz. Beginning on the ridge that divides the waters running into the Cumberland, from those running into the Teneffee, at a point in a line to be run north-east, which shall strike the Tenessee, at the mouth of Duck river; thence running westerly along the said ridge, till it shall strike the Ohio; thence down the southern banks thereof to the Miffifippi; thence down the same, to the Choctaw line of Natches diftrict; thence along the 'faid line, or the line of the district eastwardly as far as the Chickafaws claimed, and lived and hunted on, the twenty-ninth of November, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-two. Thence the faid boundary, eaftwardly, fhall be the lands allotted to the Choctaws and Cherokees to live and hunt on, and the lands at prefent in the poffeffion of the Creeks; faving and referving for the establishment of a trading post, a tract or parcel of land to be laid out at the lower poft of the Muscle fhoals, at the mouth of Ocochappo, in a circle, the diameter of which fhall be five miles on the * river, which post, and the lands annexed thereto, shall

The name of the River not in the original.

be to the use and under the government of the United States of America.

ARTICLE IV.

of U. States

lands.

If any citizen of the United States, or other No citizens perfon not being an Indian, fhall attempt to shall fettle fettle on any of the lands hereby allotted to on Indian the Chickafaws to live and hunt on, fuch perfon fhall forfeit the protection of the United States of America, and the Chickafaws may punish him or not as they please.

ARTICLE V.

deliver up

If any Indian or Indians, or perfons refiding among them, or who fhall take refuge in their Indians to nation, fhall commit a robbery or murder, or criminals. other capital crime, on any citizen of the United States, or perfon under their protection, the tribe to which fuch offender or offenders may belong, or the nation, fhall be bound to deliver him or them up to be punished accoring to the ordinances of the United States in Congress affembled: Provided, that the punishment fhall not be greater, than if the robbery or murder, or other capital crime, had been committed by a citizen on a citizen.

ARTICLE VI.

Citizens of

mitting

crimes

dians to be

punished.

If any citizen of the United States of America, or perfon under their protection, U. S. comfhall commit a robbery or murder, or other capital crime, on any Indian, fuch offender or against Inoffenders shall be punished in the fame manner as if the robbery or murder or other capital crime had been committed on a citizen of the United States of America; and the punishment fhall be in presence of some of the Chickafaws, if any will attend at the time and place, and that they may have an opportunity fo to do, due notice, if practicable, of fuch intended punishment, fhall be fent to fome one of the tribes.

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ARTICLE VII.

It is understood that the punishment of the Retaliation innocent under the idea of retaliation is unjust, reftrained. and fhall not be practifed on either fide, except

U. States to

regulate trade.

Special

for trade.

where there is a manifeft violation of this trea

ty; and then it shall be preceded, first by a demand of justice, and if refused, then by a declaration of hostilities.

ARTICLE VIII.

For the benefit and comfort of the Indians, and for the prevention of injuries or oppreffions on the part of the citizens or Indians, the United States in Congress affembled shall have the fole and exclufive right of regulating the trade with the Indians, and managing all their affairs in fuch manner as they think proper. ARTICLE IX.

Until the pleasure of Congress be known provifion refpecting the eighth article, all traders, citizens of the United States, fhall have liberty to go to any of the tribes or towns of the Chickafaws to trade with them, and they shall be protected in their perfons and property, and kindly treated.

Indians to

of defigns

against U.

ARTICLE X.

The faid Indians fhall give notice to the cigive notice tizens of the United States of America, of any defigns which they may know or fufpect to be formed in any neighbouring tribe, or by any person whofoever, against the peace, trade or interefts of the United States of America.

States.

Peace and

ARTICLE XI.

The hatchet fhall be forever buried, and the friendship peace given by the United States of America, perpetual and friendship re-established between the said States on the one part, and the Chickafaw nation on the other part, fhall be univerfal; and

T

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