DIVISION OF BUDGET AND ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT

The Division of Budget and Administrative Management is responsible to the Secretary for Department-wide direction and supervision of the budgetary, financial, and administrative management functions of the Department. The Director of the Division acts as Budget Officer for the Department.

The Division is responsible for:

1. The development of standards and requirements for the conduct of budgetary and fiscal operations of the bureaus and offices;

2. The review and departmental action upon all budget requests of the bureaus and offices;

3. The supervision of the preparation and submission of all budget requests to the Bureau of the Budget and to the Congress;

4. The apportionment of funds for all approved activities of the bureaus and offices;

5. The conduct of surveys and the preparation of recommendations for the improvement of budgetary, fiscal, and administrative management functions of the bureaus and offices;

6. The provision of an investigative service to examine and recommend appropriate action covering all alleged irregularities which occur in the conduct of programs of the Department; and

The Division is responsible for Department-wide liaison with other Federal agencies and with the Congress upon matters which fall within its jurisdiction.

CHIEF CLERK

The Chief Clerk of the Department initiates, promulgates, and enforces regulations affecting the operational management and coordination of the departmental, bureau, and divisional offices under the Secretary of the Interior; controls space occupied by the departmental offices; has direct supervision over purchasing, duplicating, accounts, mail, files, communications, emergency room, museum, and garage. He is responsible for conservation and utilization of property; is contact officer for the Department in matters relating to the Division of Disbursement, Treasury Department; handles such official mail as the Secretary of the Interior may direct and various miscellaneous matters of the Secretary's office not otherwise assigned, and is custodian of the official seal of the Department.

OFFICE OF THE SOLICITOR

The Solicitor is the chief law officer of the Department and the principal adviser on legal matters to the Secretary and other departmental officials. He exercises professional supervision and direction over all the legal work of the Department and over all the legal personnel employed by the Department and its several agencies.

The Office of the Solicitor, which consists of the Solicitor and his staff of assistants, takes final legal action for the Department with respect to: appeals to the Secretary from decisions of bureau officials; questions affecting more than one bureau of the Department or other Departments; patents; the issuance of regulations by the Secretary; tort claims; prospective or pending Federal legislation; the regulation of practitioners before the Department; personnel problems; fiscal matters; and other subjects which involve novel or important questions of law. Other legal matters are handled by attorneys who are assigned to the bureaus of the Department but who are responsible professionally to the Solicitor.

OFFICE OF LAND UTILIZATION

The Office of Land Utilization is charged, under Administrative Order 1466, dated April 15, 1940, with the responsibility of coordinating and integrating the land-classification, land-use, and land-management activities of the several bureaus and agencies of the Department, the establishment and development of sound forestry practices, the general administration of the soil and moisture conservation work, and the maintenance of cooperative relations with Federal, State, and private agencies concerned with the protection, conservation, and prudent use of the lands and natural resources of the United States and Alaska. The Assistant to the Secretary in Charge of Land Utilization is chairman of the Department's Water Resources Committee and cooperates with the executive Officer of that committee in the coordination of the water development programs of the Department.

BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT

The Bureau of Land Management was established on July 16, 1946, through the consolidation of the General Land Office and the Grazing Service in accordance with provisions of Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1946.

The Director of the Bureau of Land Management is charged with the survey, management, and distribution of the public lands and the resources therein; the execution of all laws relating to the surveying, prospecting, locating, appropriating, entering, reconveying, and patenting of all public lands within national forests and other reservations and the conduct of scientific and professional work in the fields of land and mineral economics. He administers the mining and mineral leasing laws on lands under the jurisdiction of the Department of Agriculture and supervises grazing on 153,000,000 acres of Federal range in 10 Western States under the Taylor Grazing Act of June 28, 1934, in order to protect the lands, permit the highest use of the forage and other resources and at the same time retard soil erosion and facilitate flood control.

BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS

The Commissioner of Indian Affairs is, under direction of the Secretary of the Interior, responsible for the management of all Indian affairs and of matters arising out of Indian relations. This includes the economic development and relief of the Indian, both tribally and as an individual; the organization of Indian tribes, including credit organizations; Indian education in boarding schools, day schools, and community centers operated by the Government, and in public schools and other nongovernmental institutions; the health, medical, and sanitation activities; the land program, involving land acquisition and adjustment, tribal enrollment, land sales, and contracts; forestry, involving forest management, fire protection, grazing; the furtherance of an agricultural extension program; irrigation, both construction and maintenance and operation; the construction and upkeep of buildings at field units; the construction and maintenance of reads and bridges on Indian lands; also health, education, and other activities in behalf of the natives of Alaska.

INDIAN ARTS AND CRAFTS BOARD

The Indian Arts and Crafts Board was created by the act of Congress approved August 27, 1935, and is composed of five members appointed by the Secretary of the Interior. Executive officers and other personnel are employed by the Board. The function of the Board is "to promote the economic welfare of the Indian tribes and the Indian wards of the Government through the development of Indian arts and crafts and the expansion of the market for the products of Indian art and craftsmanship." Broad powers are given the Board in the execution of this function, among which are the powers to engage in marketing and technical research, to engage in experimentation, to correlate activities of various governmental and private agencies in the field, to create Government trade-marks of genuineness and quality for Indian products, to establish standards and regulations for the use of such trade-marks, to license groups or individuals to use them, and to charge a fee for their use.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

The organic act of the Geological Survey, approved on March 3, 1879 (20 Stat. 377), established the office of Director of the Geological Survey under the Interior Department. Under this act it is provided that the Director shall have the direction of the Geological Survey, the classification of the public lands, and the examination of the geological structure and the mineral resources and products of the national domain. In conformity with its organic act and later legislation the Geological Survey is engaged in the preparation and publication of reports upon the geology and mineral resources of the United States and Alaska, in the investigation of strategic and deficient minerals in Latin America, and in the chemical and physical research incident to this work; in the preparation, publication, and sale of topographic maps of the United States and its dependencies; in investigating and reporting upon water resources, both surface and underground; in classifying the public lands as to their mineral and power value and in supervising the technical phases of mineral leasing on lands in which the title to the mineral resources remains in the United States.

BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

The Bureau of Reclamation was established as an agency of the Federal Government under the Department of the Interior following the passage of the Rec

lamation Act of June 17, 1902. This act established the "reclamation fund" from the sale of public lands "to be used in the examination and survey for and the construction and maintenance of irrigation works for the storage, diversion, and development of waters for the reclamation of arid and semiarid lands in the States and Territories * ** *.” As accretions from the sale of public lands diminished, the fund has been augmented by receipts from oil and mineral royalties and supplemented by direct appropriations from the General Treasury.

Under subsequent legislation, the activities of the Bureau have been expanded to include in addition to irrigation the construction and operation of hydroelectric power plants to assure more complete utilization, through multiple-purpose projects, of the water resources of the arid and semiarid areas in the 17 States bisected by or west of the 97th meridian. Municipal, industrial, and military water supplies are also augmented by reclamation projects.

The Commissioner, under the supervision of the Secretary, is in administrative charge of all the activities of the Bureau of Reclamation, including preliminary surveys and investigations of proposed projects, the preparation of plans, the construction of irrigation works and multiple-purpose dams, power development, the administration of funds provided for reclamation, the operation and maintenance of completed projects, the settlement and development of project areas, repayments from irrigation districts and water users' associations of the cost of the construction works allocated to irrigation, and return of the investment in power facilities.

Denver, Colo., is headquarters of the Branch of Design and Construction. The Bureau also has seven regional field offices: at Boise, Idaho; Sacramento, Calif.; Boulder City, Nev.; Salt Lake City, Utah; Amarillo, Tex.; Billings, Mont.; and Denver, Colo.

Bureau of Reclamation projects now operating, or under construction and authorized, will make a full or supplemental supply of irrigation water available to about 11,000,000 acres of land in the 17 Western States. Construction is proceeding on 50 projects as rapidly as available funds and materials permit.

Under way are the Colorado-Big Thompson, the vast Missouri Basin, the Central Valley, and the Columbia Basin projects, and such features as 22 dams and reservoirs, 12 power plants, 2 major pumping plants, more than 940 miles of transmission line, and several hundred miles of canals, tunnels, and siphons.

Some 31,500 acres of public lands were opened to veterans' settlement by homesteading during calendar year 1947 and work toward additional larger-scale openings in 1948 is being vigorously prosecuted.

Farmers on irrigated lands served by Reclamation projects harvested crops in 1947 with a gross value of $527,000,000, the second consecutive year that crop values exceeded a half-billion dollars. Gross crop income for 1946 and 1947 was equal to more than two-thirds the total appropriations made by the Federal Government for Reclamation in 46 years. The crops in 1947 were produced from approximately 4,460,000 acres supplied with irrigation water from Reclamation Bureau systems. Additional lands on 8 projects were being supplied with water for the first time from irrigation projects and systems completed after the close of the war.

Work is in progress on the first units of the Missouri Basin project which will ultimately make available to veterans and others more than 4,700,000 acres of new land and provide additional water for 500,000 acres now inadequately supplied. Under construction are Kortes Dam in Wyoming, Angostura Dam in South Dakota, the Boysen Dam in Wyoming, Enders Dam and Medicine Creek Dam in Nebraska, and Heart Butte Ďam in North Dakota, with several other dams approaching the construction stage.

Construction progress is being made on Davis Dam on the Colorado River below Hoover Dam. Anderson Ranch Dam in Idaho is more than 94 percent complete. South Coulee, Long Lake, and Potholes Dams are under construction on the Columbia Basin project in Washington; Shadow Mountain Dam of the Colorado-Big Thompson has been completed; and construction is continuing on Horsetooth Reservoir, Granby Dam and Dike, and Mary's Lake Reservoir.

Power plant construction now under way includes installation of 324,000 kilowatts of additional capacity at Grand Coulee Dam, addition of 225,000 kilowatts capacity at Shasta Dam, the 75,000-kilowatt plant at Keswick Dam, continued work on the 225,000-kilowatt Davis Dam plant, the 45,000-kilowatt Estes plant, the 8,100-kilowatt Mary's Lake plant, the 36,000-kilowatt Kortes Dam plant, the 5,000-kilowatt Heart Mountain power plant, the 27,000-kilowatt plant at Anderson Ranch Dam, and the 15,000-kilowatt plant at Boysen Dam. Preliminary work is under way at the 30,000-kilowatt plant at Palisades Dam, the 300,000-kilowatt plant at Hungry Horse Dam, the 12,000-kilowatt plant at

Glendo, and the 36,000-kilowatt plant at Canyon Ferry. In addition, plans are under way to install the last group of three 108,000-kilowatt units at Grand Coulee power plant and two additional 82,500-kilowatt units at Hoover power plant.

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

Under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior the national park system is administered in accordance with the act of August 25, 1916, as amended; the act of June 8, 1906; the Executive order of June 10, 1933; the act of August 21, 1935; the act of June 23, 1936, and the act of July 19, 1940; formulates policies and directs protective work from standpoint of preservation and of enjoyment by visitors; directs construction from engineering, architectural, and landscape viewpoints; directs public interpretive service in natural sciences, history, and archeology, and provides for museum developments and is responsible for the investigation of proposed national parks, monuments, historic sites, and other park projects. Through the Office of National Capital Parks, maintains the Executive mansion and grounds. The Director is executive officer of the National Capital Park and Planning Commission and is a member of the National Park Trust Fund Board, the District of Columbia Zoning Commission, and of various other commissions and committees.

NATIONAL PARK TRUST FUND BOARD

The National Park Trust Fund Board was created by the act of July 10, 1935 (49 Stat. 477), which authorizes the Board to accept, receive, hold, and administer such gifts or bequests of personal property for the benefit of, or in connection with, the National Park Service, its activities or its service, as may be approved by the Board.

ADVISORY BOARD ON NATIONAL PARKS, HISTORIC SITES, BUILDINGS, AND MONUMENTS

The Advisory Board on National Parks, Historic Sites, Buildings, and Monuments was established by the Historic Sites Act of August 21, 1935 (49 Stat. 666). The act provides that it shall be the duty of such Board to advise on any matter regarding national parks and the administration of the Historic Sites Act submitted to it for consideration by the Secretary of the Interior. From time to time, it also may recommend policies to the Secretary pertaining to national parks and to the restoration, reconstruction, conservation, and general administration of historic and archeologic sites, buildings, and properties.

BUREAU OF MINES

The Director of the Bureau of Mines is charged with the investigation of methods of mining, especially in relation to the safety of miners, the appliances best adapted to prevent accidents, and the possible improvement of conditions under which mining operations are carried on; the treatment of ores and other mineral substances; the use of explosives and electricity; the prevention of accidents; the prevention of waste; the improvements of method in the production of petroleum and natural gas; and other inquiries and technological investigations pertinent to such industries. He has charge of tests and analyses of ores, coals, lignites, and other mineral fuel substances belonging to or for use of the United States; has charge of the collection of statistics on mineral resources and economic studies of metals and minerals produced or consumed in the United States and of statistical and other economic information pertaining to world production, distribution, and consumption of all mineral commodities; supervises all work relating to the production and conservation of helium; he has charge of issuance of licenses covering the manufacture, distribution, storage, use, or possession of all nonmilitary explosives and their ingredients. Under the provisions of section 7 (a) of the Strategic Materials Act, approved June 7, 1939 (53 Stat. 812), he is directed to investigate the extent and mode of occurrence, the development, mining, preparation, treatment, and utilization of ores and other mineral substances found in the United States or its Territories or insular possessions, which are essential to the common defense or the industrial needs of the United States and the quantities or grades of which are inadequate from known domestic sources, in order to develop domestic sources of supply, and to determine the extent and quality of deposits of such minerals, the most suitable methods of mining and beneficiating them, and the cost at which the minerals or metals may be produced. Under the provisions of the Coal Mine Inspection Act of May 7, 1941 (Public Law 49, 77th Cong.), he is authorized and empowered to make or cause to be made

annual or necessary inspections and investigations in coal mines, for the purpose of obtaining information relative to health and safety conditions in such mines and of disseminating information concerning them with a view to reducing accident occurrence and ill health among those employed in coal mining. The act of April 5, 1944 (Public Law 290, 78th Cong.), authorizes him to conduct research and operate plants to demonstrate the production of synthetic liquid fuels from coal and other substances.

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

The functions of the Fish and Wildlife Service are concerned with the conservation of the Nation's natural resources in the field of vertebrate wildlife, including the land and water mammals and birds and the fishes, reptiles, and amphibians, and also shellfishes and crustaceans. Research is undertaken to learn the habits, needs, and economic utilization of the various forms and the results are published and otherwise made available for practical application in fishery and wildlife management, including preservation and restoration in natural habitat; propagation, as of birds and fishes, under controlled conditions; demonstrations and cooperation in local suppression of injurious species; and protection and restoration by conservation-law administration.

The activities of this agency include such lines of work as (1) business administration; (2) wildlife research; (3) fishery biology; (4) Federal aid to States in wildlife restoration; (5) land acquisitions; (6) wildlife-refuge administration and management; (7) game management and conservation-law enforcement; (8) fishery industries; (9) fish culture; (10) Alaska fisheries; (11) predator and rodent control; (12) foreign activities relating to international agreements concerning fish and wildlife, including the Whaling Treaty Act; (13) river basin studies; and (14) public relations, in the dissemination of information developed through research and management and to facilitate law enforcement by acquainting the public with the nature and need of regulatory action. Most of the field work other than research is conducted throughout the United States and Alaska by a regional organization under six regional directors.

The Fish and Wildlife Service was formed on June 30, 1940, by consolidation of the former Bureaus of Fisheries and Biological Survey, both of which were transferred to the Department of the Interior on July 1, 1939-the Bureau of Fisheries, which was established in 1871, from the Department of Commerce; and the Biological Survey, established in 1885, from the Department of Agriculture. Both bureaus were originally established for research purposes, and in the course of years both had been charged with work associated with the management of the resources in their respective fields and with conservation-law enforcement.

Laws administered by the consolidated agency include the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, the Migratory Bird Conservation Act, and the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act, which were passed to carry out treaty obligations with Canada and Mexico; the Bald Eagle Act; laws regulating interstate transportation of black bass, prohibiting illegal shipments in interstate commerce of bodies or parts of bodies of wild animals, and regulating importations of foreign species of wild birds and mammals; the Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Act; the Fisheries Cooperative Marketing Act; laws for the conservation under international agreement of sea otters, fur seals, walruses, and sea lions, and part of the Whaling Treaty Act; and laws for the maintenance of the fish, fur, and game resources of Alaska, and for the protection of wildlife and property on national wildlife refuges. The fishery functions of the Service involve the promotion of trade and commerce in fishery products, as well as the conservation of fishery resources. This includes the inquiry into the causes of fluctuations in abundance of food fishes in the lakes, rivers, and coastal waters of the United States, the development of methods of husbanding these resources, including improvements in methods of fish culture and investigation of important fisheries of the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts, with a view to determining the condition of these resources; the propagation and distribution of food fishes; the rescuing of fishes from overflowed lands and the distribution of such fishes to suitable waters; the study of the methods of the fisheries and of the preservation, utilization, and merchandising of fishery products; the collection and compilation of statistics of the fisheries; and the protection and conservation of the salmon and other fisheries of Alaska.

The Service is responsible for the administration of the fur-seal herd of the Pribilof Islands and the care of the natives of these islands. Through the agency of the Alaska Game Commission it also regulates hunting and trapping in the Territory, for the protection of big-game and fur mammals and of game and other