Fig. 240.

I

amount of rake given to the saw. The machine is also provided with a rotary fan, to remove the sawdust from the lines upon the work, and keep the latter visible.

The band sawing machine, shown in Fig. 241, is a very valuable machine for pattern making, because it will perform its duty with great truth as well as great rapidity,

answering also the whole purpose of a circular saw, and very nearly the whole purpose of a jig saw. Among these qualifications, however, that of cutting true and exact to line is the most valuable, especially in the case of the teeth

for wheels, segments, etc. The table is made adjustable for cutting bevels or draught.

The circular saw, as used in pattern making, is mainly applied to roughing-out purposes. More stuff being left for finishing by hand, than would be the case were the work sawn with a band or a jig saw. The circular is a very useful saw, however, especially for roughing out rabbets and similar work. The table for pattern maker's use

should adjust to saw at a bevel, and should rise and fall. adjustably at one end, so that the saw may project more or less above the surface of the table; the height of the top of the saw, from the table surface vertically beneath it, regulating the depth of the groove the saw will cut. The same saw being used for slitting and cross-cutting purposes, the teeth are filed slightly pointed, and thus answer both purposes. The circular saw, shown in Fig. 242, is designed for pattern maker's use; the gage being operated by a screw operated by the handle shown.

Roller feeding planing machines are not properly adapted for pattern making, because the pressure of the roller springs the work out of true. They may, it is true, be used upon work too thin to be held in other planers, but there being in any case no assurance of truth (that great desideratum for pattern makers) their employment, even for

The

thin work, is not advisable. A traverse planing machine, however, is a very useful tool, especially upon segment work; hence such a machine is shown in Fig. 243. frame is boxed, to secure rigidity with compactness and lightness. The feed is a hand one, as is preferred by all pattern makers, because it admits of rapid manipulation. The framing being open at the front, gives easy access to the cutters, and admits work of greater width.

Fig. 244

In every pattern shop hot glue is a primary necessity, and steam is by all means the best medium of keeping the same heated ready for use. In Fig. 244 is shown a steam glue heater; the outer casing containing the water, there being a glue pot on each side of the upper face, and a pot for hot water in the center. In the absence of steam, the ordinary glue pot, heated by gas or a spirit lamp, is employed.

The glue used in pattern making must be of the best quality, well boiled, and applied properly hot; because, notwithstanding the varnish, patterns are affected by the moisture of the molding-sand, and from rapping the pattern

or in fact

any but the best executed gluing - will rapidly show itself, and impair the value of the pattern.