TO PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY, INCLUDING ANALYSIS. BY JOHN E. BOWMAN, F.C.S., PROFESSOR OF PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY IN KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON; AUTHOR OF "Facts are the materials of Science; but all Facts involve Ideas. Since, in observing Facts, we cannot exclude Ideas, we must, for the purposes of Science, take care that the Ideas are clear, and rigorously applied."—WHEWELL, Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences, vol. i, p. xxxvii. C. SHERMAN & SON, PRINTERS. 19 St. James Street. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. IN the present Edition I have endeavored, as far as possible, to make this little work more fully adapted to the requirements of the general student; and I believe it now leaves little to be desired as an Introductory Text-book of Practical Chemistry. I have also, without adding materially to its bulk, embodied such changes and corrections as have been rendered necessary by the progress of the science since the first edition was published. KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON, February, 1854. J. E. BOWMAN. 1* PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. AMONG the many recent and valuable works on Chemistry, I am not aware of one having for its special object to explain, and render simple to the beginner, the various processes employed in analysis, or which have been devised for the illustration of the principles of the Science. Most of them contain much that is superfluous for the general student, who has but a limited time to devote to the subject; while they are wanting in those explanatory details, without which he must often fail to understand the rationale of the operations through which he is conducted. It is with a wish to supply this deficiency, and at the same time to furnish a text-book for my own classes, that the present little work has been written; and as it is intended for the use of those who have made but little progress in the Science, my endeavor has been, through out, to make everything as simple and intelligible as possible. The employment of complicated or expensive apparatus has been almost wholly avoided. |