Wind Climate in CitiesJack E. Cermak, Alan G. Davenport, Erich J. Plate, Domingos X. Viegas If one surveys the development of wind engineering, one comes to the conclusion that the challenge of urban climatology is one of the most important remaining tasks for the wind engineers. But what distinguishes wind engineering in urban areas from conventional wind engineering? Principally, the fact that the effects studied are usually unique to a particular situation, requiring consideration of the surroundings of the buildings. In the past, modelling criteria have been developed that make it possible to solve environmental problems with great confidence, and studies validated the models: at least in a neutrally stratified atmosphere. The approach adopted in the book is that of applied fluid mechanics, since this forms the basis for the evaluation of the urban wind field. Variables for air quality or loads are problem specific, or even random, and methods for studying them are based on risk analysis, which is also presented. Criteria are developed for a systematic approach to urban wind engineering problems, including parameter studies. The five sections of the book are: Fundamentals of urban boundary layer and dispersion; Forces on complex structures in built-up areas; Air pollution in cities; Numerical solution techniques; and Posters. A subject index is included. |
Contents
Section I Fundamentals of Urban Boundary Layer and Dispersion | 21 |
S P Arya | 41 |
S Zilitinkevich | 67 |
T R | 81 |
N Jerram R J Perkins J C H Fung M J Davidson S E Belcher J C R Hunt | 109 |
N Isyumov S Ramsay | 131 |
J A Hertig | 153 |
Section IIForces on Complex Structures in Builtup Areas | 183 |
J Lu S P Arya | 405 |
Rau E J Plate | 431 |
Weil | 457 |
W Theurer | 485 |
A Quintela D X Viegas | 503 |
W Baechlin | 523 |
R Roeckle W J Kost L Janicke | 547 |
S R Ramsay | 575 |
A G Davenport | 209 |
H Ruscheweyh | 241 |
Interference Effects on Flexible Buildings and Structures | 259 |
H J Niemann | 275 |
J A Hertig C Alexandrou | 293 |
N Isyumov S Helliwell S Rosen D | 319 |
H J Gerhardt | 337 |
Air Pollution in Cities | 351 |
Physical Modelling of Flow and Dispersion over Urban Areas | 383 |
The Effect of Topography | 607 |
Numerical Simulation Techniques | 631 |
Simulation of Flow past Buildings with Statistical Turbulence Models | 649 |
W Frank | 669 |
E Nicholls R A Pielke J L Eastman C A Finley | 703 |
Y Q Zhang S P Arya W H Snyder | 735 |
S Rafailidis J Ganoulis Y Krestenitis I Valioulis | 749 |
List of Contributors | 765 |
Other editions - View all
Wind Climate in Cities Jack E. Cermak,Alan G. Davenport,Erich J. Plate,Domingos X. Viegas Limited preview - 2013 |
Wind Climate in Cities Jack E. Cermak,Alan G. Davenport,Erich J. Plate,Domingos X. Viegas No preview available - 2010 |
Common terms and phrases
1995 Kluwer Academic aerodynamic air pollution ambient approach flow array Atmos atmospheric boundary layer average building buoyancy calculations Climate in Cities cloud convective boundary layer cylinder Deardorff density diffusion dispersion distance distribution downstream downwind dynamic eddy effects emission entrainment equation experimental Figure flow field fluid frequency function G-BI gradient heat flux heat transfer height horizontal increase influence inversion J. E. Cermak k-e model laboratory length scale measurements meteorological mixed layer nondimensional obstacles parameters planetary boundary layer plume potential temperature predicted pressure coefficients ratio region release response Reynolds number Richardson number Rodi roof roughness shear similarity simulation stability statistical stratified structure studies surface layer temperature terrain thermal turbulence models typical urban area urban boundary layer urban heat island values vertical vortex wake wall Wind Climate wind direction Wind Engineering wind load wind pressure wind speed wind tunnel wind velocity
Popular passages
Page 334 - The geomancer and the research team of the Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Laboratory of the University of Western Ontario seem to speak the same language, though perhaps one is a poet and the other has only plain speech.