Meta-Analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials

Front Cover
John Wiley & Sons, Aug 16, 2002 - Mathematics - 352 pages

Over the last twenty years there has been a dramatic upsurge in the application of meta-analysis to medical research. This has mainly been due to greater emphasis on evidence-based medicine and the need for reliable summaries of the vast and expanding volume of clinical research. At the same time there have been great strides in the development and refinement of the associated statistical methodology. This book describes the planning, conduct and reporting of a meta-analysis as applied to a series of randomized controlled clinical trials.

  • The various approaches are presented within a general unified framework.
  • Meta-analysis techniques are described in detail, from their theoretical development through to practical implementation.
  • Each topic discussed is supported by detailed worked examples.
  • A comparison of fixed and random effects approaches is included, as well as a discussion of Bayesian methods and cumulative meta-analysis.
  • Fully documented programs using standard statistical procedures in SAS are available on the Web.

Ideally suited for practising statisticians and statistically-minded medical professionals, the book will also be of use to graduate students of medical statistics. The book is a self-contained and comprehensive account of the subject and an essential purchase for anyone involved in clinical trials.

From inside the book

Contents

Introduction
1
Protocol development
11
Estimating the treatment difference in an individual
23
32233
50
Combining estimates of a treatment difference
57
Metaanalysis using individual patient data
99
Dealing with heterogeneity
151
Presentation and interpretation of results
175
Sequential methods for metaanalysis
285
Methods of estimation and hypothesis testing
305
The method of weighted least squares
308
Likelihood efficient score and Fishers information
311
Iteratively weighted least squares
312
Maximum likelihood methods for general linear mixed models
314
Iterative generalized least squares for normally distributed data
316
Marginal quasilikelihood and penalized quasilikelihood methods for discrete data
317

Selection bias
197
Dealing with nonstandard data sets
215
Inclusion of trials with different study designs
241
A Bayesian approach to metaanalysis
259

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About the author (2002)

Anne Whitehead is Senior Lecturer in Modern and Contemporary Literature at Newcastle University, UK. She is the author of many books.

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