limited number of the medical reserve and perhaps other medical officers for the care of those peculiar wounds of the face and jaws characteristic of trench warfare. Both surgeons and dentists will enter upon this work and will eventually constitute a section of the staff in every base hospital and evacuation hospital in connection with the army. The plan involves the training and placing of a sufficient number to care for the face injuries presented among a million men in hospitals. Major Vilray Papin Blair, of St. Louis, has been called to Washington to organize and direct this important work. The first school has its headquarters at the Washington University Medical School, which at the beginning of the war offered to the government the facilities of its new laboratories, hospitals and clinics, and the services of its faculty. Instructors have been chosen chiefly from the faculties of Washington University Medical School and St. Louis University School of Medicine and the special curriculum has been adopted. The latter offers intensive work in anatomy, operative surgery, sepsis, anesthesia and dentistry. The first course will begin on Monday, October 15, and will extend over a period of three weeks to be repeated until the number of men desired has been reached. The surgeon general has designated for dean Dr. R. J. Terry, professor of anatomy in the Washington University Medical School, and for chairman of the curriculum committee, Dr. Hanau W. Loeb, dean of the St. Louis University School of Medicine; Dr. Ernest Sachs, associate professor of surgery at Washington University Medical School, to serve as secretary of the council.

THE RED CROSS MEDICAL SERVICE THE establishment of a bureau of medical service of foreign commissions to give prompt and expert attention to the requests for medical and surgical supplies received from American Red Cross commissions now at work in France, Russia, Roumania, Italy, and Serbia is announced by the Red Cross war council. Requests for additional doctors and nurses for service with these commissions, particularly

in France and Roumania, will also be handled by the new bureau.

In cooperation with the medical advisory board, the bureau will also render assistance in the solving of many new pathological problems constantly arising out of the war.

Dr. R. M. Pearce, of Philadelphia, professor of research medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, is director of the new bureau: Dr. W. C. Bailey, of Boston, associate director; and Dr. Ralph Pemberton, of Philadelphia, assistant. The secretary of the bureau is John Gilbert, of Philadelphia.

The growth of the work of all the Red Cross commissions in European countries during the last two months made the establishment of this bureau necessary. Drugs and medical supplies to the value of more than $500,000 have already been shipped to Russia, while three detachments of child specialists have been recruited throughout the country for service with the new children's bureau of the Red Cross in France. The bureau is furnishing bacteriologists, chemists, surgeons, and others for Red Cross establishments in Paris.

SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND NEWS

THE chairman of the committee on policy of the American Association for the Advancement of Science has requested Professor Cattell to continue to edit SCIENCE until the questions involved have been carefully considered by the committee on policy and the council of the association.

Ar the annual meeting of the national advisory committee for aeronautics held recently, Dr. W. F. Durand was reelected chairman and Dr. S. W. Stratton was reelected secretary. Members of the executive committee were elected as follows: Dr. Joseph S. Ames, Dr. Charles F. Marvin, Dr. Michael I. Pupin, Major General George O. Squier, United States Army, Dr. S. W. Stratton, Rear Admiral D. W. Taylor, United States Navy, and Dr. Charles D. Walcott. At the organization meeting of the executive committee Dr. Charles D. Walcott was elected chairman and Dr. S. W. Stratton, secretary. Existing subcommittees were continued, and an editorial

losses which the western livestock industry faced, the National Forest ranges were opened early. At the same time, the number of stock permitted for the present season was raised to the maximum consistent with safeguarding future productiveness. It is fully recognized that the increases which have been made in the allowances of stock on the national forests involve danger that the range will be depleted through overgrazing, but it is believed by the grazing experts of the government that the emergency increases made can be taken care of, at least this year, without material sacrifice of productive capacity. The condition of the ranges is, however, being carefully watched. Reliance is placed also on the special efforts being made to secure the most intensive utilization consistent with sustained productiveness, by improved methods of handling the stock. Better salting methods and the development of new watering places are among the means employed for this purpose. At the close of the grazing season a careful examination will be made of the range on each forest to determine its condition and to find out how many cattle or sheep it will support next season. On areas which are found to be overgrazed, an attempt will be made to shift the surplus stock to range which can stand the strain better. While the grazing officials do not think that the increase could be carried. indefinitely without serious damage to the forage, regulated grazing has brought about a steady improvement of the range and some areas will probably be able to support the larger numbers permanently.

DURING the last week of September nine industrial fellows of the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research entered the service of the government. The names of these men, all of whom are chemists, are as follows: Dr. Frank O. Amon, Dr. Harold S. Bennett, Mr. A. S. Crossfield, Mr. W. J. Harper, Mr. C. E. Howson, Dr. R. W. Miller, Mr. Ray V. Murphy, Mr. W. E. Vawter and Mr. C. L. Weirich. Messrs. Amon, Bennett, Howson, Miller, Murphy, Vawter and Weirich have received commissions as first lieutenants. In addition, three other Industrial Fellows, Messrs. C. O. Brown, G. F.

Gray and R. P. Rose had previously been commissioned as captains; A. H. Stewart has entered the aviation service and C. N. Ivy has been appointed a second lieutenant in the Engineering Corps.

THE dean of Sibley College, Cornell University, Professor Albert W. Smith, has received leave of absence for the year 1917-18 in order that he may serve as consulting engineer to the Mathieson Alkali Works at Saltville, Virginia. Professor Dexter S. Kimball, head of the department of machine design and industrial engineering, has been appointed acting dean of Sibley College.

PROFESSOR J. C. BRADLEY, of Cornell University, and Professor Edwin C. Van Dyke, of the University of California, have exchanged work for the current year. Although both are general entomologists, Professor Van Dyke is an authority on the coleoptera, while Professor Bradley is a specialist on the hymenoptera.

PROFESSOR JOHN C. MCLENNAN, Ph.D., head of the department of physics of the University of Toronto, and member of the Canadian Commission on Chemical Research, is among the first group to receive the honor of the new Order of the British Empire.

THE Medical Club of Philadelphia will give a reception in honor of Dr. Morton Prince, of Boston, on October 19, at the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel.

DR. SANTOS FERNANDEZ, president of the Cuban Academy of Science, and one of the most distinguished eye surgeons of Cuba, was the guest of honor at a luncheon given October 2, by Dr. William Campbell Posey, of the Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia.

ACCORDING to Nature, the seventieth birthday of Professor S. Hoogewerff, formerly rector of the Technical High School of Delft, was recently celebrated by his friends and pupils. Professor Holleman briefly reviewed Hoogewerff's work, carried out conjointly with the late Dr. Van Dorp, on the cinchona alkaloids, on isoquinoline, and on the production of anthracilic acid from phthalimide. The latter reaction became a step in the manufacture of synthetic indigo. On behalf of a

number of Dutch chemical firms, Dr. Van Linge, manager of the Maarssen quinine works, announced that more than £8,000 had been subscribed for the foundation of a prize for chemistry at the Technical High School at Delft, in order to commemorate Professor Hoogewerff's services to this institution and to Dutch chemical industry.

HAVING completed the report upon the geology of southern California for the U. S. Geological Survey upon which he has been engaged for several years past, Robert T. Hill has opened an office for the practise of his profession of geologist at 702 Hollingsworth Building, Los Angeles, Cal.

MR. W. H. FEGELY, for several years instructor in chemistry and assistant director of the laboratories at Allegheny College, has resigned his position to take charge of the research laboratories of the Erie Malleable Iron Company, Erie, Pa.

SHIRLEY W. ALLEN, of the extension department of The New York State College of Forestry at Syracuse University, has been appointed, temporarily, to suceeed Victor A. Beede as secretary of the New York State Forestry Association. Mr. Beede has gone into forest fire insurance work at Portsmouth, N. H., and Mr. Allen will act as secretary until the midwinter meeting to be held some time in January, 1918.

PROFESSOR J. A. FLEMING delivered a public lecture on "The work of a telephone exchange" at University College, London, on October 17.

THE death is announced, at fifty-six years of age, of Mr. R. D. Pullar, president of the British Society of Dyers and Colorists in 1914, and chairman of the well-known firm of Messrs. J. Pullar and Sons, dyers and cleaners, at Perth. Mr. Pullar was a life fellow of the Chemical Society of London.

THE death is also announced of A. da Graça Couto, professor of ophthalmology at the University of Rio de Janeiro and director-general of the public health service, aged fifty-three.

The Evening Post says that France presents the interesting spectacle of a country in which

three of the most important posts in government and army are filled by men whose qualifications include a remarkable proficiency in mathematics. The new Premier, M. Painlevé, was as precocious as a Pascal in that branch of knowledge, says the Christian Science Monitor. He knew enough at eleven and a half to have got his bachelor's degree, and later on he was a cause of amazed admiration to no less a person than Henry Poincaré. Then there is the commander-in-chief General Pétain, whom M. Painlevé, when Minister of War, chose to lead the French armies in the final and perhaps most difficult stage of the war. He also is a fine mathematician. Finally there is M. Loucheur, the new minister of armaments, and he did nothing less while at the Ecole Polytechnique than discover a new theorem on epicycloids. This is more than coincidence, it is significant of the direction in which the new France intends to travel.

men

THE Engineering Corps is looking for 10,500 with road-construction experience to serve in an engineer brigade which is soon to go to France to do roadbuilding work with General Pershing's expeditionary force. The regiment will be made up entirely of volunteers. No man actually called for military service is eligible. Rapid advancement is promised men with special qualifications, and a few college men, preferably with military experience, are wanted as non-commissioned officers.

THE Journal of the American Medical Association states that the Swiss Société helvétique des Sciences naturelles, which was the original model on which Virchow founded the German organization which meets once a year for what are popularly called the Naturforscher congresses. The venerable Swiss association now announces the formation of a section or subsociety devoted to medical biology, to be known as the Société de Médecine et de Biologie. Professor Hedinger of the University of Basel is the moving spirit in the matter. The inaugural meeting is to be held this month at Zurich. It is hoped for a large membership among physicians interested in medical biologic questions.

UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL

NEWS

By the will of Mrs. E. D. Denning, of Norwood, London, who left an estate of the gross value of £167,719, there is bequeathed "to the Public Trustee all her freehold property in trust for a 'Frank Denning Memorial' for the advancement and propagation of education in mechanical science in any part of the United Kingdom, with preference to those persons who reside in the Borough of Croydon."

ENGLISH exchanges report that Lord Lovat, Mr. Otto Beit and Mr. Rudyard Kipling have accepted the positions of trustees under the will of the late Mr. Cecil Rhodes in succession to Lord Rosebery and Sir Lewis Mitchell, who resigned recently, and of the late Earl Grey, who had resigned shortly before his death. The trustees have decided to allot the four new scholarships created in substitution for the scholarships formerly held by Germans to the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan, to the Transvaal, to the Orange Free State and alternately to the towns of Kimberley and Port Elizabeth in the Cape Province. As Alberta and Saskatchewan have hitherto had one scholarship between them, the effect of this decision will be that each of these provinces will now have a scholarship. The trustees have decided not to make any appointments to any scholarships this year, either in the United States or in any part of the British empire, although the qualifying examinations in the United States will be held as already arranged. This decision is based upon the fact that as all candidates must be men of military age it would not be in accordance with the spirit of the testator's design if young men who first responded to the call of patriotism were to be penalized for having done so. Any candidate who is eligible this year will be equally qualified for election next year.

No successor to the late Professor Wm. Bullock Clark will be appointed at the Johns Hopkins University. The geological department has been reorganized on a committee basis with Professor Edward Bennett Mathews as chairman and Associate Professor J. T. Singewald, Jr., as secretary. The instruction formerly given by Professor Clark has been divided

among the geological faculty, Professor Edward W. Berry taking his work in paleontology and historical geology.

AT Pennsylvania State College, David Allen Anderson has been chosen professor of education and head of the department of education and psychology. Dr. Anderson was previously associate professor of education in the University of Washington.

PROFESSOR GEORGE B. MCNAIR is acting head of the department of electrical engineering of Colorado College during the absence of Professor George B. Thomas.

DR. WILLIAM SHINER, superintendent of the pathological laboratory of the Indiana State Board of Health, has been offered the professorship of pathology in the University of Texas.

DR. SAMUEL A. MATTHEWS, professor of physiology and experimental pharmacology in the University of Kansas, Topeka and Lawrence, has accepted the similar chair in the University of Alabama, Mobile.

DR. FRANCIS M. VAN TUYL, formerly instructor of geology in the University of Illinois, has recently been appointed an assistant professor in the Colorado School of Mines, at Golden.

BERNARD A. CHANDLER, of the Vermont Agricultural Experiment Station, has been appointed assistant professor of forest utilization in the department of forestry of Cornell University.

W. G. BRIERLEY, chairman of the division of horticulture, department of agriculture, University of Minnesota, has been promoted to the rank of associate professor.

DR. FLORENCE PEEBLES, professor of biology at Newcomb College, Tulane University, has been appointed associate professor of physiology at Bryn Mawr College.

DR. J. LUCIEN MORRIS, formerly associate in biological chemistry at the Washington University Medical School, has accepted the position of associate in physiological chemistry at the college of medicine, University of Illinois.

A CHAIR of tuberculosis has been instituted by the Edinburgh University Court, and Sir