doing must come from within.

The "Inside of the Cup" must be cleansed from filth and corruption. The greatest work in the world is in helping some other fellow to be a better man.

It is a great work the Y. M. C. A. boys are doing here. Their living examples, the influence, and words of encouragement to the other fellow are bearing good fruit. They may not realize it at the time and I am sure often feel discouraged in not obtaining results looked for, but the good work done will have its influence and will bear fruit some time in the young man's life.

I am truly thankful that we can have here the organizations of young men who feel deeply the responsibility of guiding, directing, and encouraging their younger or indifferent schoolmates to the higher and better things of life and life's ideals.

I could cite numerous cases of young fellows who have been punished time after time for misbehavior without any apparent improvement in conduct, so far as a desire to do better was concerned, except as a matter of policy, or fear of a repetition of the punishment, and I have seen these same fellows reached through some of the "live wire" association men, and have noted the change that came about in a short time, when the whole attitude, conduct, and view of life seemed to have undergone a change. The desire to do right from motive and principle stood out clear and strong, coupled with a desire to do something and be somebody worth while.-J. O. Milligan, in Haskell Y. M. C. A. Bulletin.

Indian Educational Methods

PROF. FRANK O. KREAGER of Wash

ington State University is reported by the Spokane Chronicle to have stated in a lecture or address before Spokane county teachers that efforts to educate

the negroes and the Indians of the United States had been failures, quoting the professor as follows.

"Reading, writing and arithmetic were not the means of civilization-never were and never will be. They are not a civilizing influence. If we were to give these studies to the cave man instead of tools, what progress would be made? Aside from the sporting page and the newspaper headlines and a few other immaterial things, what real need do we have for reading, writing or arithmetic? Work, and work alone, is the salvation of the human race-that is why people in the torrid zone will never progress."

If the speaker is accurately reported he needs to be reminded that "never" is a long time, whether looking forward or backward, and that he also takes in a great deal of territory. As the Chronicle chronicles the address, both premises and reasoning are defective, leaving not much to worry about.

First, we would remind the speaker, educators of Caucasian youth have much commended the plan adopted for the training of Indian youth for the specified reason that it was fundamentally industrial and as even now no attempt is made by the Indian schools to do academic work above the grammar grades save to a mere dozen or two advanced pupils, no sane educator should deem this too much "book learning."

No Indian child in a Government school has more ability to read or write than he will need in the simplest work we may expect him to do and by far the greater number, after our schools have done their best as long as the Indian child will stay in school, are still sadly deficient in the use of business English.

As every one who is even remotely connected with Indian schools knows, we have been pioneers in the plan and ideals of industrial education, however imperfectly or just in such degree as we have fallen short of complete sucess there will

be found failure to carry out the excellent plans made by the leaders in our work, due to either inadequate funds or to the imperfections of the appointed workers

We cannot believe that the professor has visited Cushman Trade school in his own state or that he has discussed the subject of Indian education with any one authorized to speak of its methds.

Christmas at Phoenix Indian School The Christmas spirit permeated every nook and corner of Phoenix Indian School this year, and it will be remembered for many weeks as a happy time for all connected with the institution.

The sanatorium tree celebration came first, taking place in the afternoon of the twenty-fourth at their school building. About 6 o'clock the Tuskegee Institute singers appeared for the benefit of the East Farm folks and gave them an excellent program. The singers then came back to the school and at 7:30 o'clock gave a concert at the pupils' dining room which had never been more artistically decorated. The Indian children never

tire of the negro plantation songs and folklore and the quintet and reader seemed to respond to the appreciation of their audience. The dismantling of the beautiful evergreen tree followed and package after package was delivered to eager boys and girls.

On Christmas morning shortly after 5 o'clock a chorus of girls chaperoned by Miss Mayham ushered in the day of days with sweet rendered carols, repeated at the principal buildings on the campus, and just as the 6 o'clock whistle ceased the band broke into the first strains of their annual concert, playing a medley of appropriate tunes.

The employees' club assumed a festive appearance Christmas eve with its tinseled tree and decorations of red and

green. After the program and tree at the pupils' dining room, the club members returned to their sitting room and enjoyed the old time custom of giving and receiving.

Miss Rice entertained Mr. and Mrs. A. L. Higgins and daughters of Phoenix, while Mr. Dominguez of the campus was Mr. Stacy's guest. Others present were Dr. and Mrs. Breid and Elizabeth, Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence and Mrs. Howard

Christmas was celebrated at the hospital by a Christmas tree on Friday evening and by a Christmas dinner on Saturday.

The Campus

George F. Hull is employed as engineer at this school temporarily.

The meeting of the Junior C. E. last Sunday evening was led by John Porter. This little society is making rapid strides forward.

Miss Lizzie Sheets of Clinton, Okla

homa, a former clerk in the Service, arrived in Phoenix on Thursday to spend the winter.

M. E. Waite, farmer, left Sunday for Tucson to attend the short course in agriculture at the State University.

Misses Garton, Clausen, Phelps and Gould gave a charmingly appointed breakfast to a party of friends on New Year's morning.

Mesdames Scott, Lawrence and Grinstead of the P. F. T. made up a theatre party Wednesday afternoon at the Elks as guests of the Q. T. club.

Emory A. Marks came in from Bacabi last Monday with eight Hopi pupils, having spent Christmas day on the desert enroute for Winslow to take train.

Mrs. Armstrong and Mrs. Oliver are entertaining the Maricopa chapter of the D. A. R. this afternoon.

The Y. M. C. A. held a party in the girls' sitting room last evening which was largely attended. A program was given and refreshments were served.

Miss Bertha McElroy and mother, Mr. and Mrs. Loyd Elliot and David Turner, formerly gardener at this school, were Christmas dinner guests of Mr. and Mrs. T. F. Percival.

Superintendent Brown left for Washington December 27 to be present at the superintendents' conference to be held in connection with the adoption of the new course of study.

Miss Kendrick, head nurse at the agency hospital at Sacaton, and Miss Stepp, nurse for the mining company hospital at Ray, Arizona, were the guests of Miss Mahaney for two days at Christmas. These three ladies were classmates at St. Joseph's training school for nurses in Kansas City, Missouri.

The feature play "The Boy and the Law," in five reels, was given at the assembly hall on New Year's eve. This photoplay is being produced in many parts of the United States and is conceded by the press to be a power in making good citizens of the boys. It is a demontration of the juvenile court.

The Indian School basket ball team defeated the Phoenix high school team at the Y. M. C. A. last Thursday by a score of 36 to 25. The game was fast throughout and even the high school players admitted after the game that the Indians were too fast for them. Though the whole team did good work, Ely's and Black's good goal shooting and Butler's fine work on the offensive were the features. December 21 the Indians defeated the Y. M. C. A. team, 40 to 35.

C. E. Shell, superintendent of the Truxton Canyon school and Hulapai reservation, visited the school on Monday and accompanied a pupil home from the sanatorium. Mr. Shell was much pleased with the new NATIVE AMERICAN print shop. He reports great success from the 500 cattle put on the reservation in the summer of 1914, 300 calves having been branded.

Mr. and Mrs. Henry Chowanyla, Hopi, visited their two sons, Bennett and Russell, at the school this week enroute to Polacca from the exposition at San Diego where they have been the past year. They were accompanied by another son who was anxious to remain at Phoenix. Mr. Chowanyla is a returned student of Haskell and Bennett is one of the apprentices in the NATIVE AMERICAN print shop.

A Comeback

William Corbett, a Nez Perce Indian, has opened a shoe and harness repair shop in Kooskia. Wonder if that fellow could be trusted to handle a little piece of land given him by Uncle Sam?-Culdesac Enterprise.

While we would not consider operating a repair shop necessarily evidence of ability successfully to handle a $5,000 farm, still it is of interest to note that William Corbett has received from the Government full title to all his land, and Uncle Sam exercises no supervision over his property

at all. -Nez Perce Indian.

An Earnest Protest

A Boston man tells of a trip he made on a coastwise steamer to Baltimore when the vessel was wallowing in waves that threatened to engulf her at any moment.

Hastily the captain ordered a box of rockets and flares brought to the rail, and with his own hands ignited a number of them in the hope that they would be seen and help sent.

Amid the glare of the rockets, a tall, thin, austere woman found her way with difficulty to to the rail and addressed the captain thus: "Captain, I must protest against this daredevilishness. We are now facing death. is no time for a celebration."—Harpers.

This

Some Indian Bureau Achievements During 1915

(Continued from page 7.) superintendent for the Five Civilized Tribes appointed thereby effecting a considerable economy and better administation of Indian Affairs in eastern Oklahoma.

17. Special and determined effort has been made to reorganize and improve administrative conditions at the Indian schools and on the reservations. Superintendents and the employee force have been so readjusted as to insure the best results, Service employees being placed in positions where they have demonstrated their capacity to make good. Altogether, the administrative field force has been greatly strengthened and correspondingly good results secured.

18. A full corps of field inspectors has been appointed and when the organization now being effected is completed the Commissioner of Indian Affairs will have one of the most systematic and dependable inspection organizations in the Gov

ernment.

Arizona Indians Win Prizes in Oratory

At a prize-speaking contest at Hampton, Daniel N. Thomas, Pima, won the second prize, on Chief Logan's speech, and Arthur Harris, Mojave-Apache, honorable mention on the farewell speech of one of the committee of four sent by the Nez Perce Indians to St. Louis in 1831 to try to find the "Book from God that would show how to worship."

Daniel Thomas, with a great deal of finish, gave Logan's famous speech, with explanatory remarks which made vivid the picture of this wonderful old chief and his feelings on the memorable occasion upon which the speech was delivered.

Miss Ritter and Miss Mayham were "at home" in the sitting room of the girls' building New Year's afternoon from 2 to 5 o'clock.

Indians at Christian Endeavor Rally

One of the most interesting delegations at the recent State Christian Endeavor rally, held in the Thirtieth Street Christian church, Newport News, Virginia, was the group of Indian students representing the Indian Christian Endeavor society of Hampton Institute.

Those taking part in the program were Miss Lucy Hunter, Winnebago; Arthur Harris, Mohave-Apache, San Carlos, Arizona; Dan N. Thomas, Pima, Sacaton, Arizona; and Luther Smith, Oneida.

The Hampton Institute Christian Endeavor Society was organized in 1892 and from the first has been a success. This year started with 63 per cent of the Indians at Hampton enrolled as active members of the society. This, in brief, is the interesting history of the Hampton Institute Christian Endeavor, as told by Arthur Harris.

People who are not familiar with reservation conditions do not realize to what hardships educated Indians return when they leave school. In many cases the old people do not want their children educated and want to get them to return to their old ways when they go home.

Dan N. Thomas, Pima, delighted the audience with two religious songs-one, "When the Roll is Called up Yonder," being the first hymn translated into the Pima language. Thomas also talked about the work of Dr. Charles Cook among the Pima of Arizona. Dr. Cook went to Arizona in 1870. There are about 4,000 Indians in the tribe, and fully two-thirds of them are Protestants; there are also many Catholics.

The part of the program given by these Indian students was enthusiastically received.

Rev. Herbert Hawkshield Welsh was married on December 2, to Miss Elsie Dorian, of Oak

Creek, South Dakota. Rev. Welsh is an Indian clergyman and is in charge of the Episcopal churches at Lacreek and Gamble, South Dakota.

Chilocco, Oklahoma, is to have a district school. Perry L. Sargent is chief clerk at the Tulalip, Washington, agency.

Josephine Lawrence is laundress at the Red Lake, Minnesota, school.

Mr. Beezley of Chilocco recently underwent an operation on his leg.

Dr. L. F. Michael was a recent visitor at Lower Brule, South Dakota.

John L. Spratt is harness-maker at the White Earth, Minnesota, school.

Miss Lucie Brave is acting as assistant matron at Lower Brule, South Dakota.

Colonel Elshire has been elected mess manager at Lower Brule, South Dakota.

Kish Hawkins, Cheyenne, bas been appointed farmer at Shawnee, Oklahoma.

Walter Smith is engineer and bandmaster at Pipestone, Minnesota, Indian school.

O. J. Woodward, first chief clerk at Haskell, died recently at Tacoma, Washington.

Augustus A. Breuninger is bandmaster and music teacher in Parkston, South Dakota.

John T. Rogers of Winfield, Kansas, has been appointed nurseryman at Chilocco, Oklahoma.

Major Moton has been selected as the successor to Booker T. Washington as head of Tuskegee.

Ben Lawrence has succeeded Thomas Thunder as nightwatchman at Red Lake school, Minnesota.

Mr. Drake, farmer at the Genoa, Nebraska, Indian school, is visiting his son in San Gabriel, California.

Mrs. Furlong has been transferred from the Crow school to the Riverside school, Oklahoma, as girls' matron, succeeding Mrs. McKnight, transferred to Haskell in the same position.

Miss Della Connaugton, formerly nurse at the Genoa, Nebraska, school, died recently in Detroit, Michigan.

Dr. Charles J. Bliss of Mayetta, Kansas, has been appointed physician at the Potawatomi agency, Kansas.

Roderick Marion, formerly a teacher in the Service, in now proprietor of a jewelry store in Bisbee, North Dakota.

Dr. H. E. Allen, physician at Fort Yates, North Dakota agency, has resigned and will locate in Indianapolis, Indiana.

Mrs. Brickell has been transferred from the Carson school, Stewart, Nevada, to Rosebud, South Dakota, as head matron.

J. L. Suffecool, financial clerk at Lower Brule, South Dakota, has been transferred to Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, as chief clerk.

The December issue of the Indian News is alive and interesting from cover to cover and is a neat specimen typographically.

Robert J. Warfield and wife will fill the positions of teacher and housekeeper at the Pueblo day school, Isleta, New Mexico.

Mr. and Mrs. J. L. Howery have been transferred to White River, South Dakota, as teacher and housekeeper, respectively.

Dr. E. C. Davis of the staff of the Kankakee State hospital, Illinois, is a recent appointee as physician at Cherry Creek, South Dakota.

Dr. Alfred Ascher, formerly in the Indian Service at Shiprock, New Mexico, is now senior physician at the city hospital, St. Louis, Missouri.

Dr. A. R. Warner, physician at Fort Totten North Dakota, for the past three years, and Miss Katie Veix, clerk at the same place for eight years, were married December 8 and have gone to Carson, Nevada, where Dr. Warner will take charge of the new sanatorium.