Obstetrics

Blanchard and Lea, 1856 - 725 pages

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Page 20
... in its Historical , Pathological , Etiological , and Therapeutical Relations . Including a Sketch of the Disease as it has occurred in Philadelphia from 1699 to 1854 , with an examination of the connections between it and the fevers ...

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PAGE	33

PAGE	35

Fig 1 The female pelvis Fig 2 Pelvis bisected showing the exca	39

Development of sacrum Fig 8 Os sacrum Division of sacrum	45

Dr Tyler Smiths remarks on the planes	57

Measure of superior strait	63

CHAPTER II	69

Fig 21 Evolution of head by Extension Restitution Delivery	73

purgative doses A case	324

Decubitus of patient Case	326

To assist the flexion and rotation	327

Vaginal vesicocele Case	329

Management of cervix and	331

Bad sacrum Badly formed pubis	332

The perineum Rules to manage	333

Cord round the neck	335

Face presentations 79 Fig 26 Face presentation 1st position Fig 27 Face presents rotation being completed Chin must be born first Bring chin to pubis	79

Chin to sacrum requires embryulcia	80

CHAPTER III	81

Measurements of cranium by author	83

Dimensions of head Fontanels	84

Presentations	85

Fig 31 Presentation of vertexthe child wholly in flexion	86

Average size and weight of fœtus Ratio of cephalic to pelvic pre sentations 88 Two presentations only in midwiferycephalic and pelvic Fig 32	87

Fig 33 Shows pelvic presentation that might become footling Posi tion of a presentation Position defined	89

Table of all Presentations and Positions	90

CHAPTER IV	91

Labia pudendorum Edema labii	92

treatment of thrombus	93

Labial abscess	94

Nymph�	95

The vestibulum catheterism cohesion of labia	96

Fourchette Hymen Atresia	97

The Clitoris	100

The Bulbs of the vestibule and the Pars intermedia Kobelts figures	101

Fig 34 Kobelts magnified view of clitoris	102

Fig 35 Front view of the bulbs Fig 36 Side view of bulbs	103

Case to show that wounds of pars intermedia are dangerous	104

Duverneys glands Huguier quoted	105

The vagina	107

Structure and form of vagina	108

Dimensions of vagina Dr Tyler Smiths paper noticed Anterior and posterior columns of the vagina	109

In retroversion the anterior columna becomes permanently contracted or shortened Uterosacral ligaments	110

Vaginitis contracts the tube The wombshape and size	111

Fig 37 Ovaries womb and vagina Fig 38 Womb opened	112

Womb supported by its ligaments Structure and powers of womb	113

Fig 39 Muscles of womb	114

Noncoordinate action of the womb in labors	115

Dilatation of the os Number of the pains Involution of the womb	116

CHAPTER V	118

Graafian vesicles	119

The ovum 121 De Graaf Yelk Granular membrane Purkinjean vesicle	121

Purkinjes book Figs 41 42 43 The Germinal vesicle Von Baer	122

Prof Coste	125

T Wharton Jones Bischoff Pouchet	126

Fig 44 Costes ovarium	128

Rudolph Wagners account of the ovule Fig 45 Burdach on tubular ovaries	129

The corpus luteum Fig 46	130

Literature of the corpus luteum Authors view of the vitellary nature of the corpus luteum	132

Extract from Coste on vitellary nature of corpus luteum	142

PART II	144

Menstrual fluid is blood not a secretion Corpuscles or blooddisks which are solids cannot be secreted	146

Analysis of menstrual fluid	148

At what period of the menstruation the vesicle opens	149

Fig 47 the womb and ovaries in Menstruation	150

Fecundation possible during more than eight days Jewish observances	151

Old doctrines of menstruation	152

Menstruation is ovulation Menses as to pregnancy and suckling	153

Pouchets opinion as to the twelfth	154

When conception is possible	155

Absence of womb cause of amenorrhoea Cases	156

CHAPTER VII	161

Case showing that an�mia does not always prevent menstruation Power of chalybeates in amenorrhoea	164

Atresia causes amenorrhea also torpor of womb and constitutional	166

disorders	168

Authors views of the H�matosis The Endangium or bloodmembrane	169

The endangium makes the blood	171

Therapeutics of amenorrhoea Louise Bourgeoiss treatment	174

Qu�venne and Miquelards iron Debreiuls	175

Diet in Amenorrhoea	176

Definition	179

Fecundation CHAPTER VIII	180

Conception	181

Records of Menstruations in a series	183

Fecundation takes place in the oviduct Decidua Fig 48 Hunters schematic figure of decidua	184

Fig 49 Velpeaus figure of a decidua	186

Prof Costes Atlas Fig 50 Tubularmucousmembrane of womb Coste quoted	187

Fig 51 Uterus of didelphis Fig 52 Ovary of didelphis	190

Is a decidua possible in solidungula pachydermata and cetacea? Em bryogenic processes	191

corpus and fundus contain the facultas expultrix	193

Double cervix and os of Delphinus Evolutionprocess of womb	194

Symptoms observed in early pregnancy Falling of the womb Nausea	196

Quickening	198

Form of the belly Pouting navel	199

Cramps Costiveness Alternate hardening and relaxation of uterus	200

Cylindrical cervix becomes conoidal Size of womb at term	201

Placenta Development of heart and vessels in embryo	202

Hunters opinion on Placenta Velpeau Seiler Owen Flourens	204

Fig 53 Schematic figure of conception Fig 54 Ovule affixed	206

Webers opinion of placental attachment	207

Fig 55 Uterine surface of placenta Fig 56 Foetal surface	208

Instances in which the author has observed the nature of the placental connection	209

Valvular orifices of sinuses in wombwall	210

development of vessels	212

Allantois	214

Umbilical vesicle in Figs 57 58 59 60	216

Fig 62 Umbilical cord seat of exomphalos	217

Foetal circulation	218

Cause of death of embryo or fœtus	222

Duplex children Fig 63 Dr Pfeiffers specimen RitaChristina	223

Omphalodym in Authors collection Dr Rohrers specimen Fig 64	226

Duration of pregnancy Ren�e dIngreville	228

Tables of duration from Rainard	229

Asdrubalis case of protracted twinpregnancy	231

Case of protracted gestation at Pennsylvania Hospital	232

Lamotte and Merriman on gestation at varying terms	234

Method of computing term	235

Changes that take place in gravid womb Fig 67 Gravid uterus	236

Muscular apparatus of womb Fig 68	240

Hydatids	243

Moles	245

Physometra Hydrometra Abortion	246

Conception does not necessarily arrest ovulation	248

Figs 69 70 and 71 illustrate the changes of uterus in abortions	250

Fig 72 Deweess placenta hook Fig 73 Bonds placenta forceps	251

Fig 74 Brauns colpeurynter	253

Colpeurynter as a tampon The tampon	254

Cautions as to tamponade in advanced pregnancy and in labors	256

Prolapsus uteri from too soon sitting up Retroversion with case	257

Cases of retroversion	261

Case of retroversion with adherence of fundus and a tubular pregnancy	265

Fig 75 Retroverted adherent uterus with tubular pregnancy	272

Case of retroverted gravid womb cured by colpeurysis	273

Cases of fatal tubularpregnancy	275

Signs of pregnancy Case of twin pregnancy in which tapping was proposed	277

Touching and auscultation to diagnosticate pregnancy Depauls views	280

Cautions to student as to the sign quickening	283

PART III	285

Duties of the accoucheur Al Mamun and John Extract from	287

Wigand	288

Definition of labor Labor is the process by which the contents of the gravid womb are expelled Onset of labor at term	289

Cause of labor with Baudelocques theory of it Subsidence of the womb before labor 293 Discharges from the genitalia Labor pains their number dur...	293

Saccombes relation of a labor case	294

Women cannot bear down in the beginning of labors	296

Fig 76 The womb dilated and become cylindric	297

Constitutional effects of the pains Signs of labor	298

Touching or examination	300

False pains	302

Wigands description of laborpain	303

In a labor pain the whole womb contracts	307

The child during the labor Outward thrust of the spinal arch which causes increased flexion of the head	309

Positions are relations of a cardinal point of the presenting part to a cardinal point on the pelvis They are numerical as 1st 2d 3d 4th 5th 6th Fig 77 T...	311

N�geles opinion as to 1st and 4th positions	313

Mechanism of the head and pelvis Sketch of a labor	314

The lochia	317

CHAPTER X	320

Importance of diagnosis Raynaldes advice	321

The pulse in labors Cases Uses of venesection	323

The shoulders how managed How to treat the child Cutting the cord 337 Management of the placenta	336

Adherent placenta or hourglass contraction	340

Womb after delivery Afterpains with cases illustrative	342

Sitting up too soon	347

The heartclot	348

Dr Simss letter to Dr Clarke p	351

Heartclot Dr Yardleys case	356

Tampon never	359

Turn out the clot The binder Dr Whites of Manchester opinion	360

on binder and Dr A F Hohls	362

Medicines for lyingin woman	363

Lochia Etherization in midwifery practice	364

Letter on an�sthesia in midwifery from Prof Simpson	368

Formula of Duncan and Flockhart of Edinburgh for chloroform	370

Authors reply to Prof Simpson	371

CHAPTER XI	377

Fig 79 Departure of chin in a cephalic with foot presentation Fig 80 Chin rotated to pubis in a face presentation	379

Fig 81 Chin slides down behind pubis to emerge Fig 82 Chin born and returning to breast from which it had departed	380

Fig 83 Face labor with forehead to pubis	381

Causes of face presentations	381

Viardel s case of Madame Nissole Chin restored Case	384

Fig 84 Chin to sacrum in facelabor Extract from Dr Dewees Cases	387

Mesdames Lachapelle and Boivins experience in facecases	392

CHAPTER XII	394

Causes of pelvic presentation Rainaldes method	395

Fatalities in breechcases	398

Diagnosis	399

Not to bring the feet down Rules of conduct for such a labor	400

Positions of the breech Fig 85 Flexion of the trunk in descending	402

Fig 86 shows the manoeuvre as to the cord First position of a pelvic presentation Rules of conduct Take care of the head	403

Second position Third position Cases to show that a forceps should always be at hand in the cases	405

best posture for delivery Method of delivering the head in this case Cases in illustration	407

CHAPTER XIII	412

Two shoulder presentations for each shoulder Fig 88 Right shoul der with prolapsed	415

Diagnosis of shoulder cases Turning with rules of conduct	416

Spontaneous evolution in shouldercases	424

also Fig 90 Rohrers caseimpossible but with evolution Case of forced evolution	427

Hemorrhagic labor	429

Louise Bourgeois method of breaking the ovum Extract from Louise Rule is to let the womb contract which cannot be done until the ovum bursts	430

Placenta pr�via	432

Simpson Radfords method in placenta pr�via not to be adopted	438

Barnes and Murphey a discussion on placenta pr�via	439

Brauns colpeurynter Recommended in the cases	441

Concealed hemorrhage Case	442

Postpartum hemorrhage	443

Hourglass contraction	445

Flooding after delivery Napkins Dr Jamess rule	448

Always turn out the clot Mauriceaus sister	450

Convulsions Convulsibilit�t of Wigand p	457

Blackall and Brights researches on albuminuria	458

Gourbeyres paper in Mem Imp Acad of Med of Paris shows that albuminuria is disalbumination of the blood	459

Dr Levers researches on Brights disease of pregnant women	460

Idea of ur�mic intoxication now prevalent	461

Inquiry into the causes of albuminuria of pregnancy or ur�mia of women with child Ur�mic intoxication or eclampsia Casts of the tubuli uriniferi Te...	462

What is albuminuria? Frerichs opinion	463

Fig 91 from Eckers Icones Physiologica represents the tubuli urini feri Bowmans capsules and Malpighis corpuscles to illustrate hyperemia of kidney ...	464

Fig 92 A Bowmans capsule with Malpighian body artery vein and urine tubule	465

State of brain during eclampsia Frequency	467

Table of cases	468

Table of authors cases	469

Case described	470

Treatment Deliver when?	471

Cases of eclampsia	474

Advice as to treatment of hydr�mic pregnancy	482

Exhaustion	484

Cramp	487

Prolapsus of cord Authors method of repositing cord	488

Fainting Hernia Loop of bowel pinched by womb	490

Cancerous os uteri in a labor Case Figs 93 94 95	495

Scarlatina	497

Twins and triplets Fig 96 Twins in utero	498

Fig 97 Fillet to assist in breech case	503

Turning to deliverillustrated by Figs 98 and 99	505

Fig 101 shows manœuvre as to the hips of fœtus for the cord by drawing down a loop	506

Fig 103 To disengage the	507

chin Case Fig 102 Care	507

Turning in shoulderpresentation Fig 105 Arm prolapsed 1st position	511

Fig 106 Arm prolapsed 2d right shoulder position	512

Fig 107 Exploring for feet Fig 108 2d position of left shoulder left hand used feet found	513

CHAPTER XIV	515

Fig 109 N�g�les oblique ovate and Fig 110 authors oblique ovate pelvis	517

Fig 111 Pelvis figure8 shaped Fig 112 Egyptian girls pelvis	518

Malformation of sacrum pubes and ischia in Fig 113	521

Fig 115 Mensuration of a diameter Fig 116 Calliper of Baude locque	522

Fig 117 Bladder below the head arrests the progress of labor	525

Laceration of womb and vagina Vide supplement at end for Baynes	526

CHAPTER XV	529

Celsus Uncus	530

Desideratum of centuries supplied by Chamberlen in his Childs instrument	531

Hugh Chamberlen at Paris His preface to Mauriceau	533

Figs 118 119 120 121 122 represent different instruments formerly belonging to the Chamberlens and now in the Museum of Col lege of Surgeons ...	536

Fig 123 Professor Hustons Siebold forceps Fig 124 Daviss forceps applied Daviss forceps described and recommended	544

The perforator the crotchet and the C�sarian section for the mother and the forceps for the child	546

Leverpower of the forceps	547

Baudelocques experiments on compressive action of forceps	549

A man shall hardly be justified who inserts his forceps within the os uteri He must wait until it has risen above the head and dis	550

To apply the forceps and deliver	551

Fig 125 To show why the handles will not lock	553

Demonstration of levermotion and power of the forceps	555

Forceps in transverse head	561

The forceps in face cases before rotation is completed	562

Forceps in locked head	563

Forceps in pelvicpresentation	565

Section of the pubis Sigault	567

CHAPTER XVI	570

Signs of exhaustion To lessen the head	571

Head not to be delivered with pelvis 2 inches	572

Dangerous nature of crotchet	574

Deformed pelvis Mrs R s case	575

Figs 126 127 128 Authors embryotomy instruments	587

Deformed pelvis C�sarean operation	590

CHAPTER XVII	597

Cases of embryotomy by Dr	598

Authors letter on induction to E Case	599

CHAPTER XVIII	606

Method of repositingMr Whites advice not to be followed Cases	609

Dr Hatchs case Inversion and spontaneous cure	618

CHAPTER XIX	620

Table of years and places of epidemic childbed fever	631

Etiology of childbed fever	632

Prodromes of an epidemic	634

Contagion	635

An attack described	640

Angulation of the gut from tympany	649

Diagnostication Gordon	651

Gordons method Hey Armstrong and	654

Legouais Baudelocque Dance Meissner Kiwisch and Collins Case from Collins 658 Dr Collinss letter	656

Metritis and phlebitis with py�mic intoxication	669

CHAPTER XX	672

Uterus tapped by author for atresia	674

CHAPTER XXI	677

Case from Dr Lee Ergot given in vain	682

MILK FEVER	684

Adhesive fasciola of author	693

PART IV	700

Dress for the child	706

The navel	714

Sore mouth	720

CHAPTER XXIV	727

CHAPTER XXV	748

case of Gastrotomy page	750

Authors apology	3

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Page 13 - obtaining a clear idea of Anatomy, and will also serve to refresh the memory of those who may find in the exigencies of practice the necessity of recall ing the details of the dissecting room ; while combining, as

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Bibliographic information

Title	Obstetrics
Author	Charles Delucena Meigs
Publisher	Blanchard and Lea, 1856
Length	725 pages

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