The New York Supplement

RATIFICATION.

REMAINDERS.

See Corporations, 426; Insurance, 112; See Descent and Distribution, 8; Wills,
Municipal Corporations, 248; Trusts,

237.

634.

See Contracts,
ance, 240;
Sales, 130.

RESCISSION.

270; Infants, 31; Insur-
Master and Servant, ~7;

RESERVATIONS.

III. REPORT AND FINDINGS.
87 (N.Y.Sur.) Code Civ. Proc. § 1023, re-
quiring referee to indorse his rulings on request-
ed findings, and made applicable to surrogates'
referees by sections 2536 and 2770, is not abro- See Deeds, 138, 145.
gated by section 2541, providing that surrogate's
decision, in cases tried without a jury, need not
contain findings.-In re Troughton's Estate, 166
N. Y. S. 1077.

RESIDENCE.

See Attorney and Client, 74%; Depositions,
12; Domicile; Executors and Administra-
tors, 35.

88 (N.Y.Sur.) A referee's findings of fact
and conclusions of law, separately stated and
numbered, but not separately entitled, held to
comply with Code Civ. Proc. § 1023, requiring
propositions of law and fact to be separately
stated. In re Troughton's Estate, 166 N. Y. S. See Food, 25.

1077.

See New Trial.

REHEARING.

RELEASE.

See Accord and Satisfaction.

RES IPSA LOQUITUR.

RES JUDICATA.

See Judgment, 660-729.

RESTAURANTS.

See Innkeepers, 11.

RESTRAINT OF ALIENATION.

See Perpetuities.

RESTRAINT OF TRADE.

See Monopolies.

RETAINER.

See Attorney and Client, 70–76.

RETROSPECTIVE LAWS.

See Statutes, 267; Taxation, 861.

See Appeal; Certiorari; Courts, 190; Crim-
inal Law, 1165, 1172; Master and Serv-
ant, 417, 418; Wills, 400.

See Wills, 196.

REVIVAL.

RIGHT OF WAY.

See Easements; Railroads, 71, 194.

RIPARIAN RIGHTS.
43.

See Navigable Waters,

82(2) (N.Y.Sup.) Under contract for the sale
of flour at a certain price for delivery in 60
days, silent as to time of payment, the law
would presume that payment was to be made up-
on delivery.-Bogert Flour Co. v. Klein, 166 Ñ.
Y. S. 766.

84 (N.Y.Sup.) A sales contract for an in-
definite period was properly terminated by six
months' written notice, where a previous sim-
ilar contract between parties provided for such
notice of termination.-Bailey v. S. S. Stafford,
Inc., 166 N. Y. S. 79.

85(1) (N.Y.Sup.) A sales contract, under
which purchaser agreed not to manufacture, etc.,
fluid ink eradicators, or ink eradicators imitat-
ing seller's product, or put up in similar boxes,
etc., only prohibits purchaser from imitating
seller's product.-Bailey v. S. S. Stafford, Inc.,
166 N. Y. S. 79.

87(2) (N.Y.Sup.) In action for price of flour
sold for delivery in 60 days, silent as to time of
payment, buyer's evidence that she had been
given credit on previous sales was irrelevant.-
Bogert Flour Co. v. Klein, 166 N. Y. S. 766.

III. MODIFICATION OR RESCISSION
OF CONTRACT.

130(3) (N.Y.Sup.) Evidence in an action for
part of price paid to defendant for an automo-
bile truck under a written contract held to show
an express rescission of the contract.-Stelia v.
Lincoln Motor Co., 166 N. Y. S. 763.

IV. PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACT.
(C) Delivery and Acceptance of Goods.
176(1) (N.Y.Sup.) Seller's presentation of
"documents," upon receipt of which buyers were
to pay, and demand of payment, after attempt
to arbitrate was abandoned, constituted demand
for payment, and not retender, reviving buyers'
right to object on grounds previously waived.-
De Hoff v. Aspegren, 166 N. Y. S. 1019.
123;
Execu-176(5) (N.Y.Sup.) Where defendants did not
Frauds, at first opportunity reject goods, when they
Insur- were informed of a ground therefor, such ground
Negli- of objection was waived.-De Hoff v. Aspegren,
Prin- 166 N. Y. S. 1019.

See Action,
Courts, 188; Discovery, 32;
tors and Administrators, 320;
Statute of, 95; Infants, 37;
ance, 328; Mortgages, 521;
gence, 27; Partition, 109, 110;
cipal and Agent, 146; Taxation,
667; Vendor and Purchaser; War, 10.

615-177 (N.Y.Sup.) Under contract of sale, re-

I. REQUISITES AND VALIDITY OF
CONTRACT.

23(3) (N.Y.Sup.) The signature of defend-
ant's salesman to an order blank, furnished for
selling automobiles, and marking the price and
the deposit, containing all the terms of the sale,
implies an acceptance of the order and a recip-
rocal agreement to sell.-Moskowitz v. White
Bros., 166 N. Y. S. 15.

II. CONSTRUCTION OF CONTRACT.

71(4) (N.Y.Sup.) Where seller agreed to
supply buyer's full requirements, buyer could
not use contract for purpose of speculation in
a rising market.-Moore v. American Molasses
Co. of New York, 166 N. Y. S. 4.

ferring to the seller's acquisition, reciting that
car of apples was shipped "yesterday," that
apples were not shipped to the seller by his
packer until next day held immaterial, not jus-
tifying rejection of goods.-De Hoff v. Aspegren,
166 N. Y. S. 1019.

181(11) (N.Y.Sup.) Evidence held to justify
finding of such acceptance of engine and water
heater installed as entitled plaintiff to recover.--
Forrester v. Riggi Bros., 166 N. Y. S. 768.

V. OPERATION AND EFFECT.
(A) Transfer of Title as Between Parties.
218 (N.Y.Sup.) Where there was uncondi-
tional sale to undisclosed principal, subsequent
bill of sale, executed by agent to seller, passed
no title.-John Wanamaker, New York, v. Toole,
166 N. Y. S. 112.

For cases in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key No. Series & Indexes see same topic and KEY-NUMBER
166 N.Y.S.-75

VIII. REMEDIES OF BUYER.

(A) Recovery of Price.

391(1) (N.Y.Sup.) Where a buyer removes the property to another state without seller's assent, and it is retaken, Personal Property Law, §§ 65-67, applies, and the purchaser can sue for his money paid on account, if the seller does not comply therewith.-Petze v. Horace Waters & Co., 166 N. Y. S. 1000.

406 (N.Y.Sup.) Repudiation of contract by seller is of no avail to purchaser, who did not learn of it until long after date of performance, when purchaser was bound to tender price.-Makepeace v. Dilltown Smokeless Coal Co.. 166 N. Y. S. 92.

Mere fact that payment of price was guaranteed to seller did not excuse tender by purchaser on date for payment of such price.-Id. 41 (N.Y.Sup.) In an action by purchaser of coal for failure to deliver, complaint, failing to allege a tender of the price, or readiness and ability to pay, is insufficient.-Makepeace v. Dilltown Smokeless Coal Co., 166 N. Y. S. 92.

tion of such parent for pupil's admittance, accepted by owner of school, were contract be tween parties, and what was said prior to signing of application was merged in such contract, -William v. Stein, 166 N. Y. S. 836.

Where contract between parents and a school was entire and indivisible, providing that pupils were entered for entire school year, owner of school, having fully performed, or offered to perform, was entitled to recover full amount due under contract, though defendant's girl left before end of first term of year.-Id.

II. PUBLIC SCHOOLS. (B) Creation, Alteration, Existence, and Dissolution of Districts.

29 (N.Y.Sup.) Every portion of the state. including the waters thereof, must be embraced within the boundaries of some school district.Bullock v. Cooley, 166 N. Y. S. 1.

36 (N.Y.Sup.) A district superintendent had power to consolidate two school districts separated by Oyster Bay harbor, in view of Education Law, § 129, and Laws 1864, c. 555, tit. 6, § 1.-Bullock v. Cooley, 166 N. Y. S. 1.

(G) Teachers.

146 (N.Y.Sup.) Under Greater New York Charter, § 1092, as amended by Laws 1905, c. 661, and Laws 1914, c. 476, board of education may direct that money deducted from teacher's salary for absence and credited to retirement fund may be withdrawn, when afterwards it excuses such absence.-People ex rel. Parrott v. Cook, 166 N. Y. S. 637.

SEALS.

See Contracts, 239.

SECRETS.

IX. CONDITIONAL SALES. 474(2) (N.Y.Sup.) Conditional buyer of safe could not create lien thereon, and his landlord, who was not creditor of seller, could not set up against seller that sale was void because bill of See Injunction, 56. sale was not filed within time.-Spector v. Solomon, 166 N. Y. S. 764.

SECURITY.

See Vendor and Purchaser, ~144.

SENTENCE.

See Criminal Law, 982-1001; Intoxicating Liquors, 242.

SEPARATE TRIALS.

See Trial, m3.

SEPARATION.

See Husband and Wife, 278–283.

SERVANTS.

See Master and Servant.

See Appeal, Pleading,

MIES.

8 (N.Y.Sup.) Catalogue of school, sent to

prospective pupil's parent, and written applica- See Work and Labor.

SET-OFF AND COUNTERCLAIM.

STATEMENT.

See Landlord and Tenant, 298; Municipal See Municipal Corporations, 1006.
Corporations, 254; Pleading, 142, 146,
197; Principal and Surety, 144.

SPECIAL FRANCHISE.

See Taxation, 376, 441.

SPECIAL FUNDS.

See Municipal Corporations, 887.
SPECIAL TERM.

See Courts, 64.

SPIRITUOUS LIQUORS.

See Intoxicating Liquors.

STARE DECISIS.

See Courts, 89-99.

STAR PART.

See Master and Servant, 3.

STATES.

See Courts, 64; Estoppel, 62.

VI. ACTIONS.

208 (N.Y.Sup.) In action by the people, on
the relation of any person, under Code Civ.
Proc. §§ 1948-1990, giving of bond by relator is
condition precedent to right of action, in view of
section 1986, and the complaint must allege
that such bond has been given.-People ex rel.
Delehanty v. McIntyre, 166 N. Y. S. 634.
STATUTE OF FRAUDS.

See Frauds, Statute of.

STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.

See Limitation of Actions.

STATUTES.

See Constitutional Law; Evidence, 29; In-
junction, 85.

For statutes relating to particular subjects, see
the various specific topics.

I. ENACTMENT, REQUISITES, AND
VALIDITY IN GENERAL.

21 (N.Y.) As no consideration was in terms
exacted by Laws 1873, c. 702, if privilege grant-
ed to erect docks, etc., could only be taken away
on payment of compensation, Const. art. 3, § 20,
requiring two-thirds majority in passage of bills
appropriating public property to private use,
was applicable.-First Const. Co. of Brooklyn
v. State, 116 N. E. 1020, 221 N. Y. 295.

64(10) (N.Y.) Laws 1884, c. 491, although
unconstitutional, in so far as it attempts to en-
large rights granted, may be allowed to operate
to extent of confirming grants made under prior
acts.-First Const. Co. of Brooklyn v. State, 116
N. E. 1020, 221 N. Y. 295.

II. GENERAL AND SPECIAL OR LO-
CAL LAWS.

77(1) (N.Y.Sup.) The fact that a special and
local act is amendatory of a general law does
not relieve it from the criticism that its purpose
is local.-Vroman v. Fish, 166 N. Y. S. 539.

III. SUBJECTS AND TITLES OF ACTS.

106(2) (N.Y.Sup.) Laws 1917, c. 202, cre-
ating the office of commissioner of elections for
Niagara county, is a local and special act, and
violates Const. art. 3. § 16, as to subjects and
titles of such acts.-Vroman v. Fish, 166 N. Y.
S. 539.

112 (N.Y.) In Laws 1884, c. 491, title, "An
act to ratify and confirm certain grants made"
under prior laws, is not sufficient to embrace
provision conveying title to lands not conveyed
under prior laws within Const. art. 3, § 16.-

For cases in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key No. Series & Indexes see same topic and KEY-NUMBER

First Const. Co. of Brooklyn v. State, 116 N.
E. 1020, 221 N. Y. 295.

In Laws 1884. c. 491, title, "An act to ratify
and affirm certain grants made in pursuance of"
Laws 1873, c. 702, § 3, can be applied to grants
of privilege to fill in made to claimant's prede-
cessor under Laws 1873.-Id.

Laws 1884, c. 491, confirming privilege of fill-
ing in tidelands, etc., given grantees under prior
statute, was in conflict with Constitution in at-
tempting to enlarge privilege, not theretofore ex-
ercised, into fee.-Id.

VI. CONSTRUCTION AND OPERA-

TION.

(A) General Rules of Construction.
181(2) (N.Y.Sup.) The fact that the con-
struction of Tenement House Act, § 70, to pro-
hibit alterations of tenement building which will
reduce the floor area of any existing room to
less than 70 square feet, will injuriously affect
millions of dollars worth of property, cannot in-
fluence or control the construction of the act.-
People ex rel. Krekler v. Butler, 166 N. Y. S.
467.

184 (N.Y.) A statute must be construed
with reference to the manifest dominant pur-
pose, regardless of sentences unharmonious with
such purpose.-Price v. Erie County, 116 N. E.
988, 221 N. Y. 260.

189 (N. Y. Sp. Sess.) That interpretation
must be given a statute which will best effec-
tuate the Legislature's intent, which is to be
reached by taking the words of the statute in
their plain, natural, and ordinary meaning.-
People v. Hoyt, 166 N. Y. S. 953.

205 (N.Y.Sup.) Statutes consisting of sev-
eral parts relating to a common subject must
be read as a whole and construed together.-
People ex rel. Standard Oil Co. of New York v.
Saxe, 166 N. Y. S. 887.

206 (N.Y.) A statute must receive such rea-
sonable construction as will, if possible, make
all its parts harmonize, and render them consis-
tent with its scope and purpose.-Price v. Erie
County, 116 N. E. 988, 221 N. Y. 260.

(D) Retroactive Operation.
267(2) (N.Y.Sup.) Mere fact that Municipal
Court Code, § 181, provides that act shall not
be retroactive does not prevent application of
new remedy against improper judgment ren-
dered before adoption of Code.-Davidoff v.
Chipornoi, 166 N. Y. S. 996.

STATUTES CONSTRUED.

CONSTITUTION.

Art. 1, § 1-166 N. Y. S. 681.
Art. 3, $$ 8, 10-166 N. Y. S. 930.

Art. 3. § 16-116 N. E. 1020, 221 N. Y. 295;
166 N. Y. S. 539.

Art. 3, § 20–116 N. E. 1020, 221 N. Y. 295.
Art. 8, § 10-116 N. E. 996, 221 N. Y. 222.
Art. 10, § 2-166 N. Y. S. 923.

Art. 12, § 2-166 N. Y. S. 923.

CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE.

§ 24-166 N. Y. S. 654.

$ 190, subsec. 2-116 N. E. 979.

§ 340, subsec. 1-166 N. Y. S. 280.

§ 348-166 N. Y. S. 280.
§ 376-166 N. Y. S. SS, 110.
& 399-166 N. Y. S. 88.

$8 417, 426-166 N. Y. S. 535.
$432, subsecs. 1, 3-166 N. Y. S. 1073.
$§ 452, 456-166 N. Y. S. 466.
§ 501-166 N. Y. S. 450, 652.
88 526, 528-166 N. Y. S. 1045.
$536-166 N. Y. S. 721.
542-166 N. Y. S. 446.

$ 578-166 N. Y. S. 448.
§ 723-166 N. Y. S. 535.

768. Amended by Laws 1911, ch. 763–166
N. Y. S. 84.

§ 772-166 N. Y. S. 448.
$ 779-166 N. Y. S. 609.

829-166 N. Y. S. 199.
837-166 N. Y. S. 284.
967-166 N. Y. S. 466.

§ 971, 976-166 N. Y. S. 521.
$$ 977, 980-166 N. Y. S. 466.
$984-166 N. Y. S. 1070.
$ 987-166 N. Y. S. 613.

1023-166 N. Y. S. 1077.

1317-117 N. E. 307, 221 N. Y. 332.

§ 1317. Amended by Laws 1912, ch. 380-116
N. E. 865, 221 N. Y. 143.
§ 1335-166 N. Y. S. 448.

§ 1355-117 N. E. 307, 221 N. Y. 332,
§ 1391-166 N. Y. S. 117. 811.
§ 1627-166 N. Y. S. 131.
$ 1705-166 N. Y. S. 448.
$ 1745-166 N. Y. S. 67.
§ 1750-166 N. Y. S. 397.
§ 1774-166 N. Y. S. 417.
$ 1819-166 N. Y. S. 513.
§§ 1948-1990-166 N. Y. S. 634.

§ 1990. Amended by Laws 1894, ch. 90-116
N. E. 998, 221 N. Y. 206.
2120-166 N. Y. S. 900.

§ 2127-166 N. Y. S. 243, 825.
§§ 2233, 2235-166 N. Y. S. 736.

2374, subsec. 4-166 N. Y. S. 182.
$ 2265, subsec. 2-166 N. Y. S. 725.

2434-166 N. Y. S. 448.

2750-166 N. Y. S. 1083.

2868-166 N. Y. S. 1065.

§ 3307, subsec. 22 added by Laws 1917, ch. 205
--166 N. Y. S. 644.

Code of Civil Procedure, §§ 2472-2771, as
Amended and Renumbered in 1914
(Surrogate's Code).

§ 2536-166 N. Y. S. 1077.
§ 2538-166 N. Y. S. 158.

$ 2541-166 N. Y. S. 1077.

$$ 2557, 2560-166 N. Y. S. 951.

§ 2564-166 N. Y. S. 949.

§ 2569, subsec. 6-166 N. Y. S. 949.

§ 2614-166 N. Y. S. 862.

§§ 2677, 2680, 2681-166 N. Y. S. 616.
$$ 2687, 2688-166 N. Y. S. 513.

§ 2695-116 N. E. 986, 221 N. Y. 190.

$ 2730-166 N. Y. S. 1008.

§ 2746-166 N. Y. S. 499.

§ 2756-166 N. Y. S. 401.

§ 2770-166 N. Y. S. 1077.

CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE.

§§ 142, 143-166 N. Y. S. 284.

$ 393-166 N. Y. S. 141.

§ 456-166 N. Y. S. 371.

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The New York Supplement, Volume 166