AT&T Consent Decree: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Economic and Commercial Law of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, First Session, August 1 and 2, 1989 |
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Page 1
... monopoly suit against the Ameri- can Telephone & Telegraph Corp. I vividly recall how contentious those times were . Many individ- uals who were otherwise calm and rational would turn livid with rage at the mere mention of the ...
... monopoly suit against the Ameri- can Telephone & Telegraph Corp. I vividly recall how contentious those times were . Many individ- uals who were otherwise calm and rational would turn livid with rage at the mere mention of the ...
Page 6
... monopoly has total control over what it purchases for use in its network . Now , put those bottleneck monopolies together with two antitrust principles . First , that the Sherman Act applies with full force to telephone companies . No ...
... monopoly has total control over what it purchases for use in its network . Now , put those bottleneck monopolies together with two antitrust principles . First , that the Sherman Act applies with full force to telephone companies . No ...
Page 7
... monopoly businesses in the same enterprise . To get out of that insoluble problem , and to get the industry back on ... monopolies and enjoin them from building back into competitive long distance and manu- facturing . Otherwise , you ...
... monopoly businesses in the same enterprise . To get out of that insoluble problem , and to get the industry back on ... monopolies and enjoin them from building back into competitive long distance and manu- facturing . Otherwise , you ...
Page 12
... monopoly and related competitive businesses alike . Through the BOCS , the Bell System owned the local telephone exchanges , which everyone recognized to be natural monopolies that could not feasibly be duplicated . Through AT & T and ...
... monopoly and related competitive businesses alike . Through the BOCS , the Bell System owned the local telephone exchanges , which everyone recognized to be natural monopolies that could not feasibly be duplicated . Through AT & T and ...
Page 13
... monopoly to impede or foreclose competition in a related market even if the firm neither monopolizes nor attempts to ... monopolies and related competitive business gave the Bell Companies both the " ability " and the " incentive " to ...
... monopoly to impede or foreclose competition in a related market even if the firm neither monopolizes nor attempts to ... monopolies and related competitive business gave the Bell Companies both the " ability " and the " incentive " to ...
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Common terms and phrases
ability affiliate American anticompetitive antitrust laws AT&T Bell Atlantic Bell companies Bell operating companies Bell System BellSouth BIDDLE BOC's BOCS bottleneck BROOKS cable carriers Chairman Commission Communications compete competition competitors concerns Congress consent decree consumers costs cross-subsidy customers Department of Justice discrimination divestiture electronic publishing electronic publishing service equipment manufacturing Esrey facilities FCC's Federal Federal Communications Commission FRISCHKORN gateway going incentive information services integration interexchange interexchange carriers issue Judge Greene line of business line-of-business restrictions long distance manufacturing restriction marketplace MAZZOLI McGowan MFJ restrictions NARUC NYNEX Pacific Bell phone companies prohibition proposed question ratepayers rates RBOC's RBOCs Regional Companies Regional Holding Companies regulated regulatory safeguards SKRZYPCZAK Southwestern Bell Sprint subcommittee subsidiaries Supp switch telecommunications equipment telecommunications policy telephone companies telephone service Thank Trade Reg Tunney Act users USTA waiver Western Electric ZEGLIS
Popular passages
Page 164 - telephone" has too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a means of communication. The device is inherently of no value to us.
Page 17 - January 10. 1983), aff'd, 740 F.2d 980 (DC Cir. 1984), cert, denied, 470 US 1005 (1985); MCI Communications Corp. v. AT&T, 708 F.2d 1081 (7th Cir.), cert, denied. 464 US 891 (1983); Data Transmission Corp. v. AT&T. No. 76-1544 (DDC); MCI Communications Corp. v. AT&T, No. 79-1182 (DDC); Southern Pacific Communications Corp. v. AT&T. No. 83-0094 & MDL 550 (ND Cal.); United States Transmission Systems v. AT&T, No. 82 Civ. 1986 (SDNY).
Page 21 - ... no matter who won the pending cases. First, the dual control of the local exchange bottlenecks and competitive businesses created inherent antitrust exposure — and the certainty of enormous litigation costs. No single verdict could ever end the controversies. No matter who won United States v. AT&T and the other pending cases, exposure to these antitrust charges was inherent in the integrated structure of the Bell System. Under the Department's leveraging theory, virtually any competitive success...
Page 16 - ... price squeezes" by charging inflated rates for local access while simultaneously lowering interexchange rates; delaying release of the interface information that long distance carriers need to develop new services; and continually "shifting from one anticompetitive activity to another.
Page 88 - ... data transmission, address translation, protocol conversion, billing management, introductory information content, and navigational systems that enable users to access...
Page 238 - As you may know, the NARUC is a quasi-governmental, non-profit organization founded in 1889. Within our membership are the governmental agencies of the fifty States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands which are engaged in the regulation of utilities and carriers.
Page 65 - Antitrust laws in general, and the Sherman Act in particular, are the Magna Carta of free enterprise. They are as important to the preservation of economic freedom and our free-enterprise system as the Bill of Rights is to the protection of our fundamental personal freedoms.
Page 28 - Court rejected arguments that the creation of seven independent BOCs or the existence of state and federal regulations could eliminate the need for the line of business injunctions in the Decree. The court held that insofar as these injunctions and the threatened injuries to "competition, competitors, and ratepayers" are concerned, it is a "distinction . . . without a difference...
Page 31 - The developments and consumer benefits in the interexchange markets could scarcely be more dramatic. New long distance companies have entered this market "in reliance upon the competitive safeguards and industry structures provided in the Consent Decree," and especially on the fact that the Decree assures that owners of essential local exchange facilities may not compete in this market. Comments of National Communications Network, United States v. Western Electric. No. 82-0192, p. 4 (March 13, 1987)....
Page 8 - The Modification of Final Judgment (or "Decree") granted the United States the structural anti-trust relief that the Justice' Department had sought in over three decades of antitrust litigation with the formerly integrated Bell System. The January 1, 1984, divestiture split the Bell System between its monopoly local exchange businesses (assigned to the BOCs) and its competitive long distance and manufacturing businesses -(assigned to AT&T). The Decree originally contained four line of business injunctions...