interior guards, as of magazine, hospital, &c.; 3d, orderlies; 4th, police guards.

The second class comprises-1st, detachments to protect laborers on military works, as field-works, communications, &c.; 2d, working parties on such works; 3d, detachments to protect fatigues.

The third class comprises General Courts-Martial, and all fatigues, without arms, in or out of camp.

In the Cavalry, stable-guards form a separate roster, and count before fatigue.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 562.]

493. The rosters are distinct for each class. Officers are named on them in the order of rank. The details are taken in succession in the order of the roster, beginning at the head.—[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 563.]

494. Lieutenants form one roster, and 1st and 2d Lieutenants are entered on it alternately. The senior 1st Lieutenant is the first on the roster; the senior 2d Lieutenant is the second, &c. The Captains form one roster, and are exempt from fatigues, except to superintend issues. A Captain commanding a battalion temporarily is exempt from detail, and duty falling to him passes. Lieutenant Colonels and Majors are on one roster. They may be detailed for duties of the first and second classes, when the importance of the guards and detachments requires it. Their roster is kept at division and brigade headquarters. In the company, Sergeants, Corporals, and privates form distinct rosters.-[Regs. 1863, ¶564.]

495. Officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers take duties of the first class in the order stated, viz, the first, for the detail, takes the grand guards; the next, the interior guards; the last, the police guard; and the same rule in regard to the details and duties of the second class. In the details for the third class, the senior officer takes the largest party. The party first for detail takes the service out of camp.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 565.]

496. When the officer whose tour it is, is not able to take it, or is not present at the hour of marching, the next after him takes it. When a guard has passed the chain of sentinels, or an interior guard has reached its post, the officer whose tour it was cannot then take it. He takes the tour of the officer who has taken his. When an officer is prevented by sickness from taking his tour, he becomes first for detail on being restored to duty, the general rule being that the officer longest off duty is the first for detail. These rules apply equally to non-commissioned officers and soldiers.—[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 566; Gen. of Army, Feb. 15, 1871.]

497. Duties of the first and second classes are credited on the roster when the guards or detachments have passed the chain of sentinels, or an interior guard has reached its post; fatigue duties when the parties have passed the chain or begun the duties in camp. [Regs. 1863, ¶ 567.]

498. Every officer, non-commissioned officer, or soldier, on duty of the first class, or who is of the next detail for such duty, takes, when relieved, the duty of the second or third class that has fallen

to him during that time, unless he has marched for detachment of more than twenty-four hours.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 568.]

499. Soldiers march with knapsacks on all duties of the first class; and with arms and equipments complete on all working parties out of the camp, unless otherwise ordered. In the Cavalry, horses are packed for all mounted service.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 569.]

500. In the Cavalry, dismounted men, and those whose horses are not in order, are preferred for the detail for dismounted service. Those who are mounted are never employed on those services, if the number of the other class is sufficient.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 570.]

501. Every non-commissioned officer and soldier in the Cavalry detailed for dismounted service must, before he marches, take to the 1st Sergeant of the troop, or Sergeant of his squad, his horse equipments and his valise ready packed. In case of alarm, the 1st Sergeant sees that the horses of these men are equipped and led to the rendezvous.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 571.]

502. As far as the exigencies of the service will permit, all details from Light Artillery for armed service shall conform to the natural elements of the arm as sections, platoons, or batteries.-[G. O. 67, 1866.]

503. A mounted battery serving with other troops will furnish its own park and stable guards, police, &c. Both officers and men will generally be exempt from other similar details, and the men will not be detailed for extra duty in the Staff departments, nor for other duty interfering with battery duties, if it can be avoided.[G. O. 67, 1866.]

DETACHMENTS.

504. When a detachment is to be formed from the different regiments of a brigade, the Assistant Adjutant General of the brigade assembles it, and turns it over to the commander.-[Regs. 1863, 649.]

505. When a detachment is to be formed from different brigades, the Assistant Adjutant General in each forms the contingent of the brigade, and sends it to the place of assembling.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 650.]

506. Detachments are generally formed by taking battalions, squadrons, companies, platoons in turn, according to the roster for such detail.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 651.]

507. When the detachment is to consist of men from every company or troop, the first on the roster for guard are taken.-[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 652.]

508, Officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers, whose tour it is to go on detachments, if employed otherwise at the time, are relieved from the duty they are on, if they can reach camp in time to march with the detachment.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 653.]

509. When detachments meet, the command is regulated while they serve together as if they formed one detachment. But the

senior officer cannot prevent the commander of any detachment from moving, when he thinks proper, to execute the orders he has received.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 654.]

510. On the return of a detachment, the commander reports to the headquarters from which he received his orders.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 655.]

511. In camp and garrison, the commanding officer prescribes the hours of reveille, reports, roll-calls, guard-mounting, meals, stable-calls, issues, fatigues, &c. In garrison, retreat will always be at sunset.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 231.]

512. The prescribed signals to be given by drums or trumpets, are set forth in the authorized tactics.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 232. ] ́

ROLL-CALLS.

513. There shall be daily at least three roll-calls, viz, at reveille, retreat, and tattoo. They will be made on the company parades by the 1st Sergeants, superintended by a commissioned officer of the company. [Regs. 1863, 234.]

514. At all established roll-calls, except dress-parade, after the companies are dismissed, each officer superintending the company roll-call reports, to the Adjutant or other officer designated, the result of the roll-call; the Adjutant or officer designated reports the result of the roll-call to the commanding officer.-[¶ 814 Auth. Inf. Tactics.]

515. Immediately after reveille roll-call (after stable-duty in the Cavalry), the tents or quarters, and the space around them, will be put in order by the men of the companies, superintended by the chiefs of squads, and the guard-house or guard-tent by the guard or prisoners.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 235.]

516. The morning reports of companies, signed by the Captains and 1st Sergeants, will be handed to the Adjutant before eight o'clock in the morning, and will be consolidated by the Adjutant within the next hour, for the information of the Colonel; and if the consolidation is to be sent to higher authority, it will be signed by the Colonel and the Adjutant.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 236.]

518. Regimental Councils of Administration consist of the three officers of the regiment on duty at headquarters next in rank to the commander.-G. (). 22, 1866. ]

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522. Councils of Administration at posts occupied by companies of the same regiment shall, at regular meetings, set aside and cause to be paid over to the regimental treasurer fifty per cent. of the amount accruing to the post fund during the preceding two months

after deducting the expenses of the bakery. This amount will be carried by the regimental treasurer to the credit of, and will constitute, the regimental fund. When a post is garrisoned by companies of different regiments, the Council will make an equitable division of the sum allotted to the regimental fund, and cause the sum belonging to each regiment or corps to be paid over to its treasurer.-[G. O. 24, 1878.]

523. In case of the loss of regimental, post, or company funds, the circumstances of the loss will be carefully investigated by the Council of Administration, and reported, with a recommendation as to the responsibility, through the proper channels, to the Adjutant General, for decision by the Secretary of War.-[4. G. O., Mar. 14, 1877, Feb. 26, 1878, and Nov. 1, 1878.]

ARTICLE XLII.

REGIMENTAL, POST, AND COMPANY FUNDS

[G. O. 24, 1878, and G. O. 14, 1879.]

REGIMENTAL FUNDS.

524. The regimental fund is raised in the mode prescribed by paragraph 522. If private contributions towards the support of the band are made, the sums so received are not taken up in the account current of the regimental fund.-[A. G. O., April 11, 1866.] 525. The Adjutant shall be treasurer of the fund for his regiment, which he will disburse on warrants drawn by the Colonel or commanding officer, under specific resolves of the Regimental Council of Administration. He will render, through the Colonel, periodical returns of the state of the fund and of the property purchased therefrom, in the same manner as prescribed for the Post Treasurer, and his accounts will always be open to the inspection of the Colonel and Regimental Council.

526. The musical instruments and everything pertaining to the band shall be kept by the Adjutant. The Colonel or commanding officer, who approves the appropriations of the Council, will be held accountable for all expenditures of the fund not made in accordance with the Regulations.

527. The following are the objects to which the regimental fund is appropriated exclusively:

1. The maintenance of a band.

2. When not needed for the band, it may be transferred to the companies of the regiment as company fund.

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COMPANY FUNDS.

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552. The savings arising from an economical use of the rations of the company (excepting the saving of flour) will constitute the company fund, which will be kept in the hands of the Captain or

other commander of the company, and disbursed by him exclusively for the benefit of the enlisted men of the company, as follows:

1. For improvement of the soldiers' table fare, and for their comfort in quarters.-[G. O. 94, 1873.]

2. For garden seeds and utensils.

3. For such exercise and amusement as may be, in the judgment of the company commander, for the benefit or comfort of the majority of the enlisted men of the company.

553. An account of the company fund will be kept by the officer in whose hands it is deposited, which will be subject to the inspection of the commanding officer of the post or regiment, and returns of it will be rendered quarterly (or oftener if required) to the commander of the regiment. After examination at regimental headquarters of these returns, an abstract, showing in detail the receipts and expenditures, will be forwarded to the Adjutant General of the Army through the Department Commander.

554. The baking of bread by companies at posts, in order that the saving may inure to the benefit of the company fund, is expressly forbidden.

555. The company commander will be held accountable for all expenditures of the fund not made in accordance with the Regulations.

556. Brooms and other utensils necessary for police of barracks, &c., are furnished by the Quartermaster's Department, and no expenditure will be allowed for such articles from the regimental post or company funds.-[G. O. 61, 1870; G. O. 21, 1876.]

557. The issue and use of volatile oils for illuminating purposes at military posts being prohibited by Regulations on account of danger from fire, they will not be purchased with post or company funds.-[G. O. 55, 1877.]

HONORS TO BE PAID BY THE TROOPS.

589. The following officers will be received with standards and colors dropping, officers and troops saluting, and the bands, trumpets, or field-music playing, as indicated in each case:

1. The President. Music: "The President's March."