United States Code

forces of the United States, who was held a prisoner of war for any period of time subsequent to December 7, 1941, by any government of any nation with which the United States has been at war subsequent to such date.

(2) The Commission is authorized to receive, adjudicate according to law, and to provide for the payment of any claim filed by any prisoner of war for compensation

(A) for the violations by the enemy government by which he was held as a prisoner of war, or its agents, of such government's obligations under title III, section III, of the Geneva Convention of July 27, 1929, relating to labor of prisoners of war; or

(B) for inhumane treatment by the enemy government by which he was held, or its agents. The term "inhumane treatment" as used herein shall include, but not be limited to, violation by such enemy government, or its agents, of one or more of the provisions of articles 2, 3, 7, 10, 12, 13, 21, 22, 54, 56, or 57, of the Geneva Convention of July 27, 1929.

(3) Compensation shall be allowed to any prisoner of war under this subsection at the rate of $1.50 per day for each day he was held as a prisoner of war on which he alleges and proves in a manner acceptable to the Commission

(A) the violation by such enemy government or its agents of the provisions of title III, section III, of the Geneva Convention of July 27, 1929;

(B) any inhumane treatment as defined herein. Any claim allowed under the provisions of this subsection shall be certified to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment out of the War Claims Fund established by section 13 of this title [section 2012 of this Appendix]. In no event shall the compensation allowed to any prisoner of war under this subsection exceed the sum of $1.50 with respect to any one day.

(4) Claims pursuant to subsection (d) (2) of this section shall be paid to the person entitled thereto, or to his legal or natural guardian if he has one, and shall, in case of death of the persons who are entitled be payable only to or for the benefit of the following persons:

(A) widow or husband if there is no child or children of the deceased;

(B) widow or husband and child or children of the deceased, one-half to the widow or husband and the other half to the child or children of the deceased in equal shares;

(C) child or children of the deceased (in equal shares) if there is no widow or husband; and (D) parents (in equal shares) if there is no widow, husband, or child.

(e) Extension to Korean War prisoners.

(1) As used in this subsection the term "prisoner of war" means any regularly appointed, enrolled, enlisted, or inducted member of the Armed Forces of the United States who was held as a prisoner of war for any period of time subsequent to June 25, 1950, by any hostile force with which the Armed Forces

of the United States were actually engaged in armed conflict subsequent to such date and prior to August 21, 1954, or any person (military or civilian) assigned to duty in the U.S.S. Pueblo who was captured by the military forces of North Korea on January 23, 1968, and thereafter held prisoner by the Government of North Korea for any period of time ending on or before December 23, 1968, except any person who, at any time, voluntarily, knowingly, and without duress, gave aid to or collaborated with or in any manner served any such hostile force.

(2) The Commission is authorized to receive and to determine, according to law, the amount and validity, and provide for the payment of any claim filed by any prisoner of war for compensation for the failure of the hostile force by which he was held as a prisoner of war, or its agents, to furnish him the quantity or quality of food prescribed for prisoners of war under the terms of the Geneva Convention of July 27, 1929. The compensation allowed to any prisoner of war under the provisions of this paragraph shall be at the rate of $1 for each day on which he was held as a prisoner of war and on which such hostile force, or its agents, failed to furnish him such quantity or quality of food.

(3) The Commission is authorized to receive and to determine, according to law, the amount and validity and provide for the payment of any claim filed by any prisoner of war for compensation—

(A) for the failure of the hostile force by which he was held as a prisoner of war, or its agents, to meet the conditions and requirements prescribed under title III, section III, of the Geneva Convention of July 27, 1929, relating to labor of prisoners of war; or

(B) for inhumane treatment by the hostile force by which he was held, or its agents. The term "inhumane treatment" as used herein shall include, but not be limited to, failure of such hostile force, or its agents, to meet the conditions and requirements of one or more of the provisions of articles 2, 3, 7, 10, 12, 13, 21, 22, 54, 56, or 57 of the Geneva Convention of July 27, 1929. Compensation shall be allowed to any prisoner of war under this paragraph at the rate of $1.50 per day for each day on which he was held as a prisoner of war and with respect to which he alleges and proves in a manner acceptable to the Commission the failure to meet the conditions and requirements described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph or the inhumane treatment described in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph. In no event shall the compensation allowed to any prisoner of war under this paragraph exceed the sum of $1.50 with respect to any one day.

(4) Any claim allowed by the Commission under this subsection shall be certified to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment out of funds appropriated pursuant to this subsection and shall be paid by the Secretary of the Treasury to the person entitled thereto, and shall, in case of death or determination of death of the persons who are entitled, be paid only to or for the benefit of the persons specified, and in the order established, by paragraph (4) of subsection (d) of this section.

(5) Each claim filed under this subsection must be filed not later than one year from whichever of the following dates last occurs:

(A) August 21, 1954;

(B) The date the prisoner of war by whom the claim is filed returned to the jurisdiction of the Armed Forces of the United States; or

(C) The date upon which the Department of Defense makes a determination that the prisoner of war has actually died or is presumed to be dead, in the case of any prisoner of war who has not returned to the jurisdiction of the Armed Forces of the United States.

(D) In the case of any person assigned to duty in the U.S.S. Pueblo referred to in paragraph (1) of this subsection, one year after the date of enactment of this subparagraph.

The Commission shall complete its determinations with respect to each claim filed under this subsection at the earliest practicable date, but in no event later than one year after the date on which such claim was filed.

(6) Any claim allowed under the provisions of this subsection shall be paid from funds appropriated pursuant to paragraph (7) of this subsection.

(7) (A) There are authorized to be appropriated such amounts as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this subsection, including necessary administrative expenses.

(B) The Commission shall determine, from time to time, the share of its administrative expenses attributable to the performance of its functions under this subsection and make the appropriate adjustments in its accounts, and determinations and adjustments made pursuant to this subparagraph shall be final and conclusive.

(f) Vietnam conflict; definitions; authority of Commission; classes of claims; rate of compensation; certification for payment; persons entitled to payments; filing date; determination of claims; fund for payment; appropriations.

(1) As used in this subsection

(A) the term "Vietnam conflict" relates to the period beginning February 28, 1961, and ending on such date as shall thereafter be determined by Presidential proclamation or concurrent resolution of the Congress; and

(B) the term "prisoner of war" means any regularly appointed, enrolled, enlisted, or inducted member of the Armed Forces of the United States who was held as a prisoner of war for any period of time during the Vietnam conflict by any force hostile to the United States, except any such member who, at any time, voluntarily, knowingly, and without duress, gave aid to collaborated with, or in any manner served, such hostile force.

(2) The Commission is authorized to receive and to determine, according to law, the amount and validity, and provide for the payment of any claim filed by any prisoner of war for compensation for the failure of the hostile force by which he was held as a prisoner of war, or its agents, to furnish him the quantity or quality of food prescribed for prisoners of war under the terms of the Geneva Convention of August 12, 1949. The compensation allowed to any prisoner of war under the provisions of this paragraph shall be at the rate of $2 for each

day on which he was held as a prisoner of war and on which such hostile force, or its agents, failed to furnish him such quantity or quality of food.

(3) The Commission is authorized to receive and to determine, according to law, the amount and validity and provide for the payment of any claim filed by any prisoner of war for compensation

(A) for the failure of the hostile force by which he was held as a prisoner of war, or its agents, to meet the conditions and requirements prescribed under chapter VIII, section III, of the Geneva Convention of August 12, 1949, relating to labor of prisoners of war; or

(B) for inhumane treatment by the hostile force by which he was held, or its agents. The term "inhumane treatment" as used in this subparagraph shall include, but not be limited to, failure of such hostile force, or its agents, to meet the conditions and requirements of one or more of the provisions of articles 3, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 29, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 97, or 98 of the Geneva Convention of August 12, 1949.

Compensation shall be allowed to any prisoner of war under this paragraph at the rate of $3 per day for each day on which he was held as a prisoner of war and with respect to which he alleges and proves in a manner acceptable to the Commission the failure to meet the conditions and requirements described in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph or the inhumane treatment described in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph. In no event shall the compensation allowed to any prisoner of war under this paragraph exceed the sum of $3 with respect to any one day.

(4) Any claim allowed by the Commission under this subsection shall be certified to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment out of funds appropriated pursuant to this subsection and shall be paid by the Secretary of the Treasury to the person entitled thereto, and shall, in the case of death or determination of death of the persons who are entitled, be paid only to or for the benefit of the persons specified, and in the order established, by subsection (d) (4) of this section.

(5) Each claim filed under this subsection must be filed not later than three years from whichever of the following dates last occurs:

(A) the date of enactment of this subsection; (B) the date the prisoner of war by whom the claim is filed returned to the jurisdiction of the Armed Forces of the United States; or

(C) the date upon which the Department of Defense makes a determination that the prisoner of war has actually died or is presumed to be dead, in the case of any prisoner of war who has not returned to the jurisdiction of the Armed Forces of the United States.

(6) Any claim allowed under the provisions of this subsection shall be paid from funds appropriated pursuant to paragraph (7) of this subsection.

(7) There are authorized to be appropriated such amounts as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this subsection, including necessary administrative expenses.

(g) Manner of payment.

Where any person entitled to payment under this section is under any legal disability, payment may be made in accordance with the provisions of subsection (e) of section 5 [section 2004 (e) of this Appendix]. (July 3, 1948, ch. 826, § 6, 62 Stat. 1244; Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1116, 64 Stat. 1090; Apr. 9, 1952, ch. 167, § 1, 66 Stat. 47; Apr. 9, 1952, ch. 168, § 2, 66 Stat. 49; Aug. 21, 1954, ch. 784, § 2, 68 Stat. 761; Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1162, title I, § 102(a) (1), 68 Stat. 1034; Oct. 22, 1962, Pub. L. 87-846, title I, § 102, 76 Stat. 1107; June 24, 1970, Pub. L. 91-289, §§ 1, 2, 84 Stat. 323.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Date of enactment of this subparagraph and date of enactment of this subsection, referred to in subsec3. (e) (5) (D) and (f) (5) (A), June 24, 1970, the date on which Pub. L. 91-289 enacting such provisions, became law.

AMENDMENTS

1970 Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 91-289, § 2(1), defined "prisoner of war" to include any person (military or civilian) assigned to duty in the U.S.S. Pueblo who was captured by the military forces of North Korea on January 23, 1968, and thereafter held prisoner by Government of North Korea for any period of time ending on or before December 23, 1968, and substituted "except any person" for "except any such member".

Subsec. (e) (5) (D). Pub. L. 91-289, § 2(2), added subpar. (D).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 91-289, § 1(2), added subsec. (f). Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 91-289, § 1(1), redesignated former subsec. (f) as (g).

1962-Pub. L. 87-846 substituted "title" for "Act." 1954 Subsec. (c) and (d) (4). Act Aug. 31, 1954, § 102(a), struck out word "dependent" wherever appearing.

Subsec. (e). Act Aug. 21, 1954, § 2(b), added subsec. (e).

Subsec. (f). Act Apr. 9, 1952, added subsec. as a second subsec. (d) which was redesignated "(f)" by act Aug. 21, 1954, § 2(a).

1952-Subsec. (a). Act Apr. 9, 1952, ch. 167, inserted after the words "As used in" the words "subsection (b) of".

Subsec. (c). Act Apr. 9, 1952, ch. 168, struck out "or to his legal or natural guardian if he has one" following "person entitled thereto".

Subsec. (d). Act Apr. 9, 1952, ch. 167, added subsec. (d). Another subsec. (d), which was added by act Apr. 9, 1952, ch. 168, was redesignated "(f)". See 1954 Amendment note above.

1950 Subsec. (c) (4). Act Sept. 30, 1950, removed the requirement of dependency upon which parents were entitled to benefits.

ABOLISHMENT AND SUCCESSION OF COMMISSION

The War Claims Commission, including the offices of its members, was abolished and the functions of the Commission and of the members, officers, and employees thereof were transferred to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by 1954 Reorg. Plan No. 1, §§ 2, 4, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. See also, section 2001 of this Appendix and notes thereunder.

FILING DATE FOR CLAIMS OF NEW CLASS OF BENEFICIARIES Section 102 (c) of act Aug. 31, 1954, provided that: "Individuals entitled to benefits solely by reason of the amendments made by this section must file claim therefor within one year after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 31, 1954]."

PRIOR BENEFITS AS AFFECTING RIGHTS Section 102 (b) of act Aug. 31, 1954, provided that the amendments to sections 2004 (d) and 2005 (c), (d) (4) of this Appendix by section 102 of act Aug. 31, 1954, should not apply with respect to benefits paid prior to Aug. 31, 1954.

TIME FOR FILING CLAIMS

Section 3 of act Apr. 9, 1952, ch. 167, as amended by act May 13, 1954, ch. 202, § 1, 68 Stat. 97, provided that: "claims for compensation under subsection (d) of section 6 of the War Claims Act of 1948, as amended [subsection (d) of this section], must be filed on or before August 1, 1954."

Sections 2 and 3 of act May 13, 1954, cited in the preceding paragraph of this note, provided:

"Sec. 2. The amendment made by this Act [which amended section 3 of act Apr. 9, 1952, ch. 167, by extending the time for filing claims from one year after April 9, 1952 to August 1, 1954] shall not be construed to extend the life of the War Claims Commission for any period of time.

"Sec. 3. The amendment made by this Act shall take effect as of April 9, 1953."

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 2001, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2012a, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017n of this Appendix.

§ 2006. Religious organizations.

(a) Reimbursement for services furnished members of armed services and American civilians; certification of claims.

The Commission is authorized to receive, adjudicate according to law, and provide for the payment of any claim filed by any religious organization functioning in the Philippine Islands and affiliated with a religious organization in the United States, or by the personnel of any such Philippine organization, for reimbursement of expenditures incurred, or for payment of the fair value of supplies used, by such organization or such personnel for the purpose of furnishing shelter, food, clothing, hospitalization, medicines and medical services, and other relief in the Philippines to members of the armed forces of the United States or to civilian American citizens (as defined in section 5 [section 2004 of this Appendix]) at any time subsequent to December 6, 1941, and before August 15, 1945. Any claim allowed under the provisions of this section shall be certified to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment out of the War Claims Fund established by section 13 of this title [section 2012 of this Appendix].

(b) Compensation for loss or damage to real property used in educational, medical, or welfare work. Any such religious organization or its personnel functioning in the Philippines and affiliated with a religious organization in the United States, which furnished relief in the Philippines to members of the Armed Forces of the United States or to civilian American citizens in accordance with the provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall be compensated from the War Claims Fund, as hereinafter provided, for the loss and damage sustained as a consequence of the war to its schools, colleges, universities, scientific observatories, hospitals, dispensaries, orphanages, and other property or facilities connected with its educational, medical, or welfare work.

Any such affiliated organization furnishing relief which possessed any interest in, and whose personnel

of American citizens substantially composed the administrative staff of, any hospital whose prewar facilities and capacity have not been restored shall be compensated in an amount sufficient to enable such organization to replace the hospital's facilities and capacity equal to that which existed at the time of the outbreak of the war, irrespective of what disposition was made subsequently of the land, buildings, and contents.

(d) Determination of claims.

Claims filed pursuant to subsection (b) of this section shall be determined and paid upon the basis of postwar cost of replacement which shall be ascertained by the War Claims Commission. In making such determinations the Commission shall utilize but not be limited to the factual information and evidence contained in the records of the Philippine War Damage Commission; the technical advice of experts in the field; the substantiating evidence submitted by the claimants; and any other technical and legal means by which fair and equitable postwar replacement costs shall be determined.

(e) Investigation; determination

costs; basis used.

of replacement

The Commission is authorized and directed to proceed at once with the necessary investigation, study, and establishment of procedures in order to determine the replacement costs cf the claims to be filed under subsections (b) and (c) of this section, using as a basis for beginning such investigation and study the evidence contained in the claims of those religious organizations or their personnel which have already filed and are eligible to be paid under the terms of subsection (a) of this section.

(f) Filing of claims; adjudication; place and use of payments.

All claims under subsections (b) and (c) of this section must be filed on or before October 1, 1952; and not later than March 31, 1953, the Commission shall adjudicate according to law and provide for the payment of any claim filed pursuant to this section. In any case in which any money is payable as a result of subsections (b) and (c) of this section to a religious organization or its personnel functioning in the Philippines, such money shall be paid upon request of such organization to its affiliate in the United States: Provided, That all money thus paid to such affiliated religious organization in the United States shall be used by such affiliate for the purpose of restoring the educational, medical, and welfare facilities described in subsections (b) and (c) of this section and located in the Philippines. (g) Claims of internees and prisoners of war unaffected.

The Commission shall expedite the payments under this section without reducing payment of claims of American civilian internees and prisoners of war filed before March 31, 1953, pursuant to the provisions of sections 5 and 6 of this title Isections 2004 and 2005 of this Appendix]

(h) Denominational organizations.

(1) Any religious organization functioning in the Philippines and of the same denomination as a religious organization functioning in the United States which furnished relief (as described, and

during the period designated, in subsection (a) of this section) in the Philippines to members of the Armed Forces of the United States or to civilian American citizens shall be compensated from the War Claims Fund (A) for expenditures incurred, or for payment of the fair value of supplies used by such organization, for the purpose of furnishing such relief and (B) for loss and damage sustained as a consequence of the war to its schools, colleges, universities, scientific observatories, hospitals, dispensaries, orphanages, and other property or facilities connected with its educational, medical, or welfare work. No payments shall be made to any organization under this subsection if such organization has received an award under subsection (a) or (b) of this section, and no payments shall be made to any organization pursuant to clause (B) of this paragraph unless such organization has received an award for war damages from the Philippine War Damage Commission under the provisions of the Philippine Rehabilitation Act of 1946, as amended. (2) The Commission is authorized to receive, determine according to law, and provide for the payment of claims filed under this subsection. Each claim allowed by the Commission under this subsection shall be certified to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment out of the War Claims Fund. All payments under this subsection shall be made to an organization or individual in the United States designated by the claimant, and, in the case of claims under clause (B) of paragraph (1) of this subsection such payments shall be used for the purpose of restoring the educational, medical, and welfare facilities described in such clause.

(3) Claims for benefits under this subsection must be filed within six months after the date of enactment of this subsection [Aug. 6, 1956]. The Commission shall complete its determination with respect to each claim filed under this subsection at the earliest practicable date, but in no event later than one year after the date on which such claim was filed.

(4) Claims filed pursuant to clause (B) of paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be determined and paid upon the basis of postwar cost of replacement for the twelve-month period ending October 1, 1952, as ascertained by the Commission. (July 3, 1948, ch. 826, § 7, 62 Stat. 1245; Apr. 9, 1952, ch. 167, § 2, 66 Stat. 48; Aug. 6, 1956, ch. 985, 70 Stat. 1063; Oct. 22, 1962, Pub. L. 87-846, title I, § 102, 76 Stat. 1107.)

1962-Pub. L. 87-846 substituted "title" for "Act." 1956 Subsec. (h). Act Aug. 6, 1956, added subsec. (h). 1952-Subsec. (a). Subsec. constituted the entire section prior to amendment by act Apr. 9, 1952. Subsecs. (b)—(g). Act Apr. 9, 1952, added subsecs. (b)—(g).

ABOLISHMENT AND SUCCESSION OF COMMISSION The War Claims Commission, including the offices of its members, was abolished and the functions of the Commission and of the members, officers, and employees thereof were transferred to the Foreign Claims Settlement

Commission of the United States by 1954 Reorg. Plan No. 1, §§ 2, 4, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. See, also section 2001 of this title and notes thereunder.

TERMINATION OF PHILIPPINE WAR DAMAGE COMMISSION

The Philippine War Damage Commission established by former section 1751 of this Appendix terminated under the provisions of subsec. (d) of section 1751 which provided for the winding up of the Commission's affairs not later than two years after expiration of time for filing claims under former sections 1751-1763 of this Appendix if possible but in no event later than Apr. 30,

1951.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 2001, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2012a, 2013, 2017n of this Appendix.

§ 2007. Commission's report on personal injury and property claims to President; findings; recommendations; public property; legislative effect.

(a) The Commission shall inquire into and report to the President, for submission of such report to the Congress on or before March 31, 1950, with respect to war claims arising out of World War II, other than claims which may be received and adjudicated under the preceding sections of this Act [sections 2001 to 2006 of this Appendix], and shall present in such report its findings on

(1) the estimated number and amount of such claims, classified by types and categories; and (2) the extent to which such claims have been or may be satisfied under international agreements or domestic or foreign laws.

(b) The report of the Commission shall contain recommendations with respect to

(1) categories and types of claims, if any, which should be received and considered and the legal and equitable bases therefor;

(2) the administrative method by which such claims should be considered, and any priorities or limitations which should be applicable; and

(3) any limitations which should be applied to the allowance and payment of fees in connection with such claims.

(2) such proposals for legislation as it deems appropriate for carrying out the recommendations made in such report.

(d) Such report, with accompanying evidence, shall be printed as a public document when received by the Congress.

(e) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to imply that the Congress will enact legislation

(1) adopting any recommendations made under this section with respect to the consideration or payment of any type of claim; or

(2) making any moneys, including moneys remaining in the war claims fund after the making of payments from such fund provided for by this title [sections 2001 to 2012 and 2013 to 2016 of this Appendix], available for the payment of such claims.

(July 3, 1948, ch. 826, § 8, 62 Stat. 1245; May 27, 1949, ch. 145, § 1(2), 63 Stat. 112; Oct. 22, 1962, Pub. L. 87-846, title I, § 102, 76 Stat. 1107.)

AMENDMENTS

1962-Pub. L. 87-846 substituted "title" for "Act." 1949-Subsec. (a). Act May 27, 1949, extended until March 31, 1950, the time within which the Commission is required to file its reports and recommendations.

ABOLISHMENT AND SUCCESSION OF COMMISSION

The War Claims Commission, including the offices of its members, was abolished and the functions of the Commission and of the members, officers, and employees thereof were transferred to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by 1954 Reorg. Plan No. 1, §§ 2, 4, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. See, also, section 2001 of this Appendix and notes thereunder.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 2001, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2012a, 2013, 2017n of this Appendix.

§ 2008. Reports to Congress.

Not later than six months after its organization, and every six months thereafter, the Commission shall make a report to the Congress concerning its operations under this title [sections 2001 to 2012 and 2013 to 2016 of this Appendix]. (July 3, 1948, ch. 826, § 9, 62 Stat. 1246; Oct. 22, 1962, Pub. L. 87-846, title I, § 102, 76 Stat. 1107.)

ANNUAL SUBMISSION OF REPORTS

Pub. L. 89-348, § 2(6), Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1312, modified the provisions of this section, beginning Jan. 1, 1967, to require annual instead of semiannual submission to Congress by the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the report concerning its operations under the War Claims Act of 1948.

AMENDMENTS

1962-Pub. L. 87-846 substituted "title" for "Act." ABOLISHMENT AND SUCCESSION OF COMMISSION The War Claims Commission, including the offices of its members, was abolished and the functions of the Commission and of the members, officers, and employees thereof were transferred to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by 1954 Reorg. Plan No. 1, §§ 2, 4, eff. July 1, 1954, 19 F.R. 3985, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. See, also, section 2001 of this Appendix and notes thereunder.

MALNUTRITION STUDY; DEFINITIONS; REPORT TO CONGRESS

Act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1162, title II, §§ 201-203, 68 Stat. 1037, defined terms "prisoner of war" and "civilian American citizen" and required Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare to conduct malnutrition study and report results thereof, not later than Aug. 31, 1955, to the President for transmittal to the Congress.

SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS

This section is referred to in sections 2001, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2012a, 2013, 2017n of this Appendix.

§ 2009. Fee limitation for representing claimants; penalties.

No remuneration on account of services rendered or to be rendered to or on behalf of any claimant in connection with any claim filed with the administering agency under this title [sections 2001 to 2012 and 2013 to 2016 of this Appendix] shall exceed 10 per centum (or such lesser per centum as may be fixed by the administering agency with respect to any class of claims) of the amount allowed by the administering agency on account of such claim. Any agreement to the contrary shall be unlawful and void.

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