22 U.S.C., § 286f. Obtaining and furnishing information to the [International Monetary] Fund; penalty for refusal; penalty for unlawful disclosures; definition of person.

(For text see p. 118.)

22 U.S.C., § 287(d)-1. Noncombatant assistance to United Nations.

(d) Disclosure of information.

Nothing in sections 287-287e of this title [re United States participation in United Nations] shall authorize the disclosure of any information or knowledge in any case in which such disclosure is prohibited by any other law of the United States. (Dec. 20, 1945, ch. 583, § 7, as added Oct. 10, 1949, ch. 660, § 5, 63 Stat. 735; and amended Aug. 10, 1949, ch. 412, § 12(a), 63 Stat. 591.)

22 U.S.C., § 987. Availability of records.

The correspondence and records of the [State] Department relating to the officers and employees of the [Foreign] Service, including efficiency records as defined in section 981 (1) of this title but not including records pertaining to the receipt, disbursement, and accounting for public funds, shall be confidential and subject to inspection only by the President, the Secretary, the Under Secretary, the Counselor of the Department, the legislative and appropriations committees of the Congress charged with considering legislation and appropriations for the Service or representatives duly authorized by such committees, and members of the Board of the Foreign Service, the Director General, and such officers and employees of the Government as may be assigned by the Secretary to work on such records. Under such regulations as the Secretary may prescribe and in the interest of efficient personnel administration, the whole or any portion of an efficiency record shall, upon written request, be divulged to the officer or employee to whom such record relates. (Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title VI, § 612, 60 Stat. 1014.)

26 U.S.C., § 7213. Unauthorized disclosure of information. (a) Income returns.

(1) Federal employees and other persons.

It shall be unlawful for any officer or employee of the United States to divulge or to make known in any manner whatever not provided by law to any person the amount or source of income, profits, losses, expenditures, or any particular thereof, set forth or disclosed in any income return, or to permit any income return or copy thereof or any book containing any abstract or particulars thereof to be seen or examined by any person except as provided by law; and it shall be unlawful for any person to print or publish in any manner whatever not provided by law any income return, or any part thereof or source of income, profits, losses, or expenditures appearing in any income return; and any person committing an offense against the foregoing provision shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $1,000, or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or

both, together with the costs of prosecution; and if the offender be an officer or employee of the United States he shall be dismissed from office or discharged from employment.

(2) State employees.

Any officer, employee, or agent of any State or political subdivision, who divulges (except as authorized in section 6103 (b), or when called upon to testify in any judicial or administrative proceeding to which the State or political subdivision, or such State or local official, body, or commission, as such, is a party), or who makes known to any person in any manner whatever not provided by law, any information acquired by him through an inspection permitted him or another under section 6103 (b), or who permits any income return or copy thereof or any book containing any abstract or particulars thereof, or any other information, acquired by him through an inspection permitted him or another under section 6103 (b), to be seen or examined by any person except as provided by law, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $1,000, or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both, together with the costs of prosecution.

(3) Shareholders.

Any shareholder who pursuant to the provisions of section 6103 (c) is allowed to examine the return of any corporation, and who makes known in any manner whatever not provided by law the amount_or source of income, profits, losses, expenditures, or any particular thereof, set forth or disclosed in any such return, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $1,000, or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both, together with the costs of prosecution.

(b) Disclosure of operations of manufacturer or producer.

Any officer or employee of the United States who divulges or makes known in any manner whatever not provided by law to any person the operations, style of work, or apparatus of any manufacturer or producer visited by him in the discharge of his official duties shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $1,000, or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both, together with the costs of prosecution; and the offender shall be dismissed from office or discharged from employment.

(c) Offenses relating to reproduction of documents.

Any person who uses any film or photoimpression, or reproduction therefrom, or who discloses any information contained in any such film, photoimpression, or reproduction, in violation of any provision of the regulations prescribed pursuant to section 7513 (b), shall be fined not more than $1,000, or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both.

*** (Aug. 16, 1954, 9:45 a.m., E.D.T., ch. 736, 68A Stat. 855; Sept. 2, 1958, Pub. L. 85-866, title I, § 90 (c), 72 Stat. 1666.)

29 U.S.C., § 181. Compilation of collective bargaining agreements, etc.; use of data.

(a) For the guidance and information of interested representatives of employers, employees, and the general public, the Bureau of Labor

Statistics of the Department of Labor shall maintain a file of copies of all available collective bargaining agreements and other available agreements and actions thereunder settling or adjusting labor disputes. Such file shall be open to inspection under appropriate conditions prescribed by the Secretary of Labor, except that no specific information submitted in confidence shall be disclosed.

(b) The Bureau of Labor Statistics in the Department of Labor is authorized to furnish upon request of the Service, or employers, employees, or their representatives, all available data and factual information which may aid in the settlement of any labor dispute, except that no specific information submitted in confidence shall be disclosed. (June 23, 1947, 3:17 p.m., E.D.T., ch. 120, title II, § 211, 61 Stat. 156.)

38 U.S.C., § 3301. Confidential nature of [veterans'] claims. (For text see p. 218.)

42 U.S.C., § 1306. Disclosure of information in possession of Department; compliance with requests for information.

(a) No disclosure of any return or portion of a return (including information returns and other written statements) filed with the Commissioner of Internal Revenue under Title VIII of the Social Security Act or under subchapter E of chapter 1 or subchapter A of chapter 9 of Title 26, or under regulations made under authority thereof, which has been transmitted to the Secretary [of Health, Education, and Welfare] by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, or of any file, record, report, or other paper, or any information, obtained at any time by the Secretary or by any officer or employee of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare in the course of discharging the duties of the Secretary under this chapter, and no disclosure of any such file, record, report, or other paper, or information, obtained at any time by any person from the Secretary or from any officer or employee of the Department, shall be made except as the Secretary may by regulations prescribe. Any person who shall violate any provision of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding $1,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both.

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title XI, § 1106, as added Aug. 10, 1939, ch. 666, title VIII, § 802, 53 Stat. 1398, and amended 1946 Reorg. Plan No. 2, § 4, eff. June 16, 1946, 11 F.R. 7873, 60 Stat. 1095; Aug. 28, 1950, ch. 809, title IV, § 403 (d), 64 Stat. 559; 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 1, §§ 5, 8, eff. Apr. 11, 1953, 18 F.R. 2053, 67 Stat. 631, Aug. 28, 1958, Pub. L. 85-840, title VII, § 701, 72 Stat. 1055.)

50 U.S.C. Appendix, § 2160. Employment of personnel; appointment policies; nucleus executive reserve; use of confidential information by employees; printing and distribution of reports.

(f) Whoever, being an officer or employee of the United States or any department or agency thereof (including any Member of the Senate or House of Representatives), receives, by virtue of his office

or employment, confidential information, and (1) uses such information in speculating directly or indirectly on any commodity exchange, or (2) discloses such information for the purpose of aiding any other person so to speculate, shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. As used in this section, the term "speculate" shall not include a legitimate hedging transaction, or a purchase or sale which is accompanied by actual delivery of the commodity.

*** (Sept. 8, 1950, ch. 932, title VII, § 710, 64 Stat. 819, July 31, 1951, 7 o'clock p.m., E.D.T., ch. 275, title I, § 109 (f), 65 Stat. 139; June 28, 1955, ch. 189, § 12 (c) (1), 69 Stat. 180; Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 655,. §§ 7, 8, 69 Stat. 583.)

5 U.S.C., § 637. Violation of duties by commissioners or officers,. etc.; punishment.

Any Civil Service Commissioner, examiner, copyist, or messenger, or any person in the public service who shall willfully and corruptly, by himself or in cooperation with one or more persons, defeat, deceive, or obstruct any person in respect of his or her right of examination according to any such rules or regulations, or who shall willfully, corruptly, and falsely mark, grade, estimate, or report upon the examination or proper standing of any person examined hereunder, or aid in so doing, or who shall willfully and corruptly make any false representations concerning the same or concerning the person examined, or who shall willfully and corruptly furnish to any person any special or secret information for the purpose of either improving or injuring the prospects or chances of any person so examined, or tobe examined, being appointed, employed, or promoted, shall for each such offense be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine of not less than $100, nor more than $1,000, or by imprisonment not less than ten days, nor more than one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment. (Jan. 16, 1883, ch. 27, § 5, 22 Stat. 405.)

35 U.S.C., § 122. Confidential status of applications.

Applications for patents shall be kept in confidence by the Patent Office and no information concerning the same given without authority of the applicant or owner unless necessary to carry out the provisions of any Act of Congress or in such special circumstances as may be determined by the Commissioner. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66. Stat. 801.)

7 U.S.C., § 1159. Surveys and investigations by Secretary [of Agriculture]; producer-processor and producer-labor contracts. Whenever the Secretary determines that such action is necessary to effectuate the purposes of this chapter, he is authorized, if first requested by persons constituting or representing a substantial proportion of the persons affected in any one of the five domestic sugarproducing areas, to make for such area surveys and investigations to the extent he deems necessary, including the holding of public hearings, and to make recommendations with respect to (a) the terms and conditions of contracts between the producers and processors of sugar

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beets and sugarcane in such area and (b) the terms and conditions of contracts between laborers and producers of sugar beets and sugarcane in such area. In carrying out the provisions of this section, information shall not be made public with respect to the individual operations of any processor, producer, or laborer. (Aug. 8, 1947, ch. 519, title IV, § 409, 61 Stat. 933.)

21 U.S.C., § 331. Prohibited acts.

The following acts and the causing thereof are prohibited:

(j) The using of any person to his own advantage, or revealing, other than to the Secretary [of Health, Education, and Welfare] or officers or employees of the Department, or to the courts when relevant in any judicial proceeding under this chapter, any information acquired under authority of sections 344, 348, 355, 356, 357, or 374 [Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act] of this title concerning any method or process which as a trade secret is entitled to protection.

*** (June 25, 1938, ch. 675, § 301, 52 Stat. 1042; 1940 Reorg. Plan No. IV, § 12, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2422, 54 Stat. 1237; Dec. 22, 1941, ch. 613, § 1, 55 Stat. 851; July 6, 1945, ch. 281, § 1, 59 Stat. 463; Mar. 10, 1947, ch. 16, § 1, 61 Stat. 11; June 24, 1948, ch. 613, § 1, 62 Stat. 582; Mar. 16, 1950, ch. 61, § 3(b), 64 Stat. 20; 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 1, § 5, eff. Apr. 11, 1953, 18 F.R. 2053, 67 Stat. 631; Aug. 7, 1953, ch. 350, § 2, 67 Stat. 477; Sept. 6, 1958, Pub. L. 85-929; § 5, 72 Stat. 1788.)

26 U.S.C., § 7237. Violation of laws relating to narcotic drugs and to marihuana.

(e) Unlawful disclosure on returns and order forms.

Any person who shall disclose the information contained in the statement in the returns required [under section requiring keeping records of various narcotic drugs] *** shall be fined not more than $2,000 or imprisoned not more than 5 years or both. (Aug. 16, 1954, 9:45 a.m. E.D.T. ch. 736, 68A Stat. 860; Jan. 20, 1955, ch. 1, 69 Stat. 3; July 18, 1956, ch. 629, title I, § 103, 70 Stat. 568.)

39 U.S.C., § 762. Funds kept separate; accountability therefor; application of laws relating to postal receipts; additional bonds of postmasters.

Postal savings depository funds shall be kept separate from other funds by postmasters and other officers and employees of the Postal Service, who shall be held to the same accountability under their bonds for such funds as for public moneys; and no person connected with the Post Office Department shall disclose to any person other than the depositor the amount of any deposits, unless directed so to do by the Postmaster General. All statutes relating to the safekeeping of and proper accounting for postal receipts are made applicable to postal savings funds, and the Postmaster General may require postmasters,