For purposes of classification and naming it is proposed to divide cellulose nitrates (as the nitration products of cellulose are correctly called) into two classes, ether-alcohol soluble, and ether-alcohol insoluble. Each product in each of these classes is then designated according to its nitrogen content expressed in percentage of dry material. After a brief description of cellulose nitrate manufacture, the methods for examination were summarized as follows: (1) Stability tests: potassiumiodide-starch test, German 135° C. test, ordnance department 115° C. test. (2) Analysis: moisture, nitrogen, soluble (ether-alcohol), insoluble (ether-alcohol), soluble in acetone, cellulose, ash, alkalis. (3) Physical examination: compression test, microscopical tests.

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The

Camphoroxalic Acid Derivatives: J. BISHOP TINGLE and WILLIAM E. HOFFMAN, JR. The condensed formulæ AgHC,O,C,H14, CuC,O,C,H1 and Fe(HC,O,C,H11) ̧ represent three types of metallic salts prepared. With amines representatives of four types of compounds have been prepared and their properties and constitution studied; there is also a fifth class the constitution of which is uncertain. amines from which the above-mentioned compounds were prepared were: a-naphthylamine, ẞ-naphthylamine, p-toluidine, m-toluidine, benzylamine, diethylamine, dimethylamine, methylamine, o-phenylenediamine, benzidine, nitrotoluidine, semicarbazine, benzamidine, phenylhydrazine. Certain other amines gave negative or unsatisfactory results.

Rosocyanine: C. LORING JACKSON and LATHAM CLARKE.

Rosocyanine has the same percentage composition as curcumine. Its relation to curcumine was discussed.

The Formula of Curcumine: C. LORING JACKSON and LATHAM CLARKE.

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The older formula C1,H1O, is shown to be in harmony with the analyses and is supported by a determination of the molecular weight.

The Reduction of 5-Nitro-4-ketodihydroquinazolines to the Corresponding Aminoquinazolines, and the Preparation of Certain Derivatives of the Latter: M. T. BOGERT and V. J. CHAMBERS. The Synthesis of 5-Nitro-4-ketodihydroquinazolines from 6-Nitroacetanthranil and Primary Amines: M. T. BOGERT and H. A. SEIL.

On Isomeric O and N Ethers Derived from 2-Alkyl-4-oxy-5-nitroquinazolines and 2Alkyl-4-keto-5-nitrodihydroquinazolines: M. T. BOGERT and H. A. SEIL.

Some Acyl Derivatives of Homoanthranilic Nitrile and the 7-Methyl-4-ketodihydroquinazolines Prepared Therefrom: M. T. BOGERT and A. HOFFMAN.

The Condensation of Succinylosuccinic Acid Diethyl Ester with Guanidine: A Derivative of 1, 3, 6, 8-Naphtotetrazine, a New Heterocycle: M. T. BOGERT and A. W. Dox.

The Methoxyl Group in Certain Lignocelluloses: ALVIN S. WHEELER.

Influence of Dilution and of the Presence of Lactose and Maltose upon the Osazone Test for Glucose: H. C. SHERMAN and R. H. WILLIAMS.

Some Further Notes on the Possible Existence of Esters of Fulminic Acid: H. C. BIDDLE.

Some Condensation Products of 1-Phenylnaphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylic Anhydride: NORMAN A. DUBOIS.

Compounds synthetically prepared on the lines of formula I. seem to be similar physiologically to adrenalin, but recent work by the author gives like evidence for II. The work is being continued.

The Efficiency of Copper Foil in Destroying Certain Bacteria in Water: W. H. BUHLIG.

Several sets of experiments, made along the lines suggested by the recent work of Moore, show that at incubator temperature the typhoid bacillus disappears in a few hours in the presence of copper, but at room temperature, in hydrant water, it persists several days. In the case of the colon bacillus the copper treatment has little practical value, but the dysentery bacillus appears to yield quickly. Colloidal Suspensions and their Relations to Problems in Water Purification: J. W. ELLMS and J. F. SNELL.

Turbid water show many of the properties of colloidal suspensions, e. g., the Tyndall effect, migration of the turbidity under the influence of the electric current, coagulation by electrolytes, etc. A possible explanation of the mechanism of coagulation by sulphates of aluminum and iron is the formation of positively charged colloidal hydrates, which precipitate the nega

water. Experiments are in progress on the relative concentrations of colloidal suspensions and electrolytes required for precipitation and the influence of substances. in retarding the coagulation.

The Composition of Cooked Foods: W. D. BIGELOW.

Artificial Digestion Experiments: EDWARD GUDEMAN.

As the result of a large series of artificial digestion experiments with pepsin and pancreatin on egg albumen with reference to the interference of preservatives, colors, and condiments, the following conclusions. are drawn: (a) Preservatives and condiments do not interfere with peptic and pancreatic artificial digestion when in the proportion of 1 part to 400 or less, in acid medium. (b) Acid preservatives and condiments increase the factor of digestibility in neutral medium. (c) In alkaline medium the results are abnormal, retarding the action of ferments. (d) Colors, irrespective of source or origin, whether animal, vegetable, mineral or synthetic, do not affect artificial digestion when used in quantities of 1 part or less to 400 parts of the food products. (e) Vegetable and synthetic colors are directly digested in the same proportions by pepsin and pancreatin and the actual food value of both classes is the same.

Notes on Occurrence of Pentosans in Second Pressing Cider: J. A. LE CLERC and L. M. TOLMAN.

Color Tests for Cod-liver Oil: W. D. BIGE

LOW.

The Presence of Hexone Bases in Bacteria: MARY F. LEACH.

Dried and pulverized bacteria belonging to the colon group were digested with thirty-three and one third per cent. sulphuric acid for several hours, until the pro

teid was all decomposed. From the extract thus obtained, lysine was separated as pierate, and the pierate transposed into the chloride. Both salts were identical with the corresponding salts of lysine prepared from gelatin and from fibrin. Thus the presence of a hexone base in the bacterial cell has been established, and one more point of resemblance has been found between bacterial and other proteid.

The Testing of Wheat Flour for Commercial Purposes: HARRY SNYDER. The points noted or discussed were: the lack of adequate standards for commercial testing of flour; the difficulty of adopting tests suitable to all types of flour; the influence of total proteids on size of loaf and commercial grade; the application and value of gliadin nitrogen determinations; the value of the ash results in determining the grade of a flour or in detecting the mixing of grades; the value of color in determining the commercial grade of a flour, and the influence of the bleaching of flours; and the relation of high bread-making value to nutritive value.

The joint use of baking and chemical tests was recommended. The chemical tests can determine the grade, as patent, straight or clear, while the baking tests can determine the bread-making value of the sample.

The Occurrence of Extractives in Apple Peel: H. C. GORE.

The Pectocelluloses of the Apple: W. D. BIGELOW and H. C. GORE.

The Analysis of Sugar Mixtures: C. A. BROWNE, JR. (By title.)

Chemical Preservatives Used in Food Products. Are They Harmful? E. W. DUCK

WALL.

Attention was drawn to the difference between the effect of substances on the

growth of bacteria and their effect on the action of digestive ferments.

Experiments have shown that salicylic and benzoic acids in strong solution do not impede peptic digestion more than other substances in a mixed diet, and that the feeding of these preservatives to guinea pigs and rabbits has no action on their growth or organs. It should be noted, however, that the duration of the trial was rather short, while the number of individual tests was small.

Recent Work on Columbium and Tantalum: R. D. HALL.

On the Oxidation of Hydrazine: A. W. BROWNE.

When a solution of hydrazine sulphate is treated with hydrogen peroxide, potassium chlorate, potassium persulphate, ammonium metavanadate or lead dioxide in acid solution, hydronitric acid is formed in very appreciable quantities.

In acid solution potassium permanganate and potassium dichromate oxidize hydrazine sulphate, forming in some cases a trace of hydronitric acid, in others, none at all.

Certain other oxidizing agents, including potassium iodate, bromine water and red lead, yield no hydronitric acid whatever.

The principal reaction involved in the oxidation of hydrazine sulphate is expressed by the equation:

N2H, +20=N2 + 2H2O.

The equation for the reaction in which. hydronitric acid is formed may be written 3N2H + 50=2HN, + 5H2O.

The two reactions appear to take place simultaneously.

In the light of this work it is apparent that when an oxidizing agent is to be used in the quantitative determination of hydrazine, or when hydrazine sulphate is to be used in the quantitative determination of an oxidizing agent, care must be taken to

choose materials and arrange conditions, if possible, so that no hydronitric acid shall be formed.

The error introduced by the formation of a given amount of hydronitric acid will obviously be greater if the analysis consist in the measurement of the nitrogen gas evolved than if it consist in the determination of the unused excess of the oxidizing agent.

The Chemical Separation of the Radioactive Types of Matter in Thorium Compounds: HERMAN SCHLUNDT and RICHARD B. MOORE.

REPORTS FROM INSTITUTIONS.

This valuable feature was continued, thirteen institutions responding. It should be borne in mind that the following extremely condensed summaries of the reports of work in progress during the past year are, in most cases, far from exhaustive.

University of Pennsylvania.- Electrodeposition of lead and mercury from salts and metals, with the use of a rotating anode; also, deposition of cadmium from an ammonia solution, gold from cyanide solution, etc. Methods for complete analysis of alkali halides, etc., with the use of a mercury cathode and silver anode. Investigation of the compounds of columbium and tantalum.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. -Electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions at high temperatures. Conductivity of fused salts. Ionization of the successive hydrogens of polybasic acids, as phosphoric, sulphuric and hydrogen sulphide. System of qualitative analysis including the rare elements (now completed in outline with the exception of the rare earth group). Separation of electropositive groups and study of the properties of the metal-ammoniums.

osmosis, the details of which will soon be published.

Johns Hopkins University.-Composition of hydrates formed in aqueous solutions by various electrolytes. Temperature coefficients of conductivity of various electrolytes. Condition of electrolytes in mixed solvents. Electrical method for the combustion of organic compounds. Osmotic pressure of cane sugar solutions. Electrolytic production of pure caustic alkalies. Rate of oxidation of various aromatic compounds by potassium permanganate. Chlorides of orthosulphobenzoic acid. Camphoroxalic acid derivatives. Pinacone-pinacoline rearrangement.

Harvard University.-Study of tetrabrom and of tetrachlor-orthoquinone. Bromine addition products of dimethylaniline. Atomic weights of sodium, cadmium, iodine and other elements. Compressibilities of elements and simple compounds. Electromotive effects; electrostenolysis. Action of potassium iodide on bromanil and chloranil. Action of phenyl hydrazine on various quinones. Action of ethylene dibromide on p-nitrosodialkylanilines. Oxidation of organic compounds by air in presence of catalyzers. Determination of phosphoric acid. Preparation of pure nitrogen on a large scale.

Lafayette College.-Salts of m- and onitroparasulphobenzoic acids. Salts of m-sulphonitrobenzoic acid. Constitution

of tale. Purification of titanic acid. Some non-aqueous concentration cells.

Ohio State University.-Synthesis of ortho-oxyazo compounds. Action of phosphoric and related acids in the production of esters. Gibbs's method for precipitating magnesium ammonium phosphate. Separation of calcium and magnesium. Apparatus for determining moisture in samples. Electrolytic separation of bismuth.

University of Chicago.-Dissociation phenomena in the sugar group. Constitution of dibromacetylidene. The various forms of liquids and amorphous sulphur. Catalytic action. Stereoisomeric nitrogen derivatives. Radioactivity of uranium compounds. Affinity constants of dibasic acids. The chlorides of of manganese. Phenylmalonic nitrile.

Verbal reports were also made by representatives of Cornell University, University of Toronto, University of North Carolina, Columbia University, and the New York Testing Laboratory.

The local committee, of which John C. Miller was chairman, made ample provision for the entertainment of the society, and their services and those of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences (in whose rooms the chemical meetings were held), as well as the courtesies of several other local organizations, were recognized in a rising vote of thanks. Carriages were provided on Thursday afternoon for a drive about the city, and many members visited the Gratwick Research Laboratory, where a paper was presented entitled, 'On the Chemical Composition of a Series of Mouse Tumors,' by G. H. A. Clowes and W. S. Frisbie.

The chemical plants both in Buffalo and in Niagara Falls refused admittance, but Mr. Francis A. J. Fitzgerald delivered an interesting address on "The Electrochem

ical Industries of Niagara Falls.' The subject was treated from an evolutionary point of view, and the effects of the struggle for existence and the influence of environment considered. In the Hall process for making aluminium the raw material bauxite is now purified by an electric furnace process, and the carbon electrodes baked in an electric furnace. The severe competition brought on in the abrasives market by carborundum has stimulated the production of other artificial abrasives such as 'alundum," an artificial corundum made by fusing bauxite in the electric furnace. The production of artificial graphite was developed by the demand for graphite electrodes in the electrolytic processes for the production of chlorine, caustic soda, etc. While the problem of making nitric acid from the air has not yet reached the commercial stage, the spark discharge is used industrially for the production of ozonized air for the production of vanillin from oil of cloves. The manufacture of chlorine and caustic alkalies has grown greatly in the last ten years, consequently competition is severe and results in the invention of processes using chlorine gas for the manufacture of carbon tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, etc. Seeking an outlet for sodium and sodium peroxide, the makers are putting new commercial products on the market, such as 'oxone' a fused form of sodium peroxide which generates oxygen when put in water, and various compounds such as magnesium peroxide, calcium peroxide, zinc peroxide and sodium perborate. Samples of many of the products mentioned in the address were exhibited, and oxygen was generated from oxone by a simple apparatus.

This address was given at the Iroquois Hotel, the headquarters of the meeting, and was followed by an informal luncheon served with the compliments of the hotel.