FAI duty, by finding that others, of removed, and the obligation to EXPOSITIONS. See COM frequent intercourse of christians, MENTARIES. for the purpose of strengthening EXTREME UNCTION, one F. FAITH is that assent which we fallible record, James ii, 17, or give to a proposition advanced by to any fact recorded in history. another, the truth of which we do not immediately perceive from persuasion a person has of his be4. The faith of miracles, is the our own reason and experience;ing able, by the Divine power, to or it is a judgment or assent of effect a miracle on another, Matt. the mind, the motive whereof is xvii, 20. 1st Cor. xiii, 2, or anonot any intrinsic evidence, but ther on himself, Acts xiv, 9. This the authority or testimony of some obtained chiefly in the time of other who reveals or relates it. Christ and his apostels. The Greek word Пirs, translated faith, comes from the verb Пuw, to sent to evangelical truths, as both 5. A temporary faith, is an aspersuade; the nature of faith be-interesting and desirable, but not ing a persausion and assent of the farther than they are accompanied mind, arising from testimony or with temporal advantages; and 1. Divine faith, is that founded diminish or are removed, Matt. xi, which is lost when such advantages on the authority of God, on it is 24. Luke viii, 13. that assent which we give to what is revealed by God. The objects a moral principle, implying such 6. Faith in respect to futurity, is of this, therefore, are matters of a conviction of the reality and revelation. 2. Human faith, is that where-sufficient to regulate the temper importance of a future state, as is we believe what is told us by and conduct. men. The objects hereof are matters of human testimony or faith, is that principle wrought in 7. Faith in Christ, or saving evidence. 3. Historical faith, is that where- whereby we are persuaded that the heart by the Divine Spirit, by we assent to the truths of reve-Christ is the Messiah; 'lation as a kind of certain and in-such a desire and expectation of and possess evidence. by the blessings he has promised in As to the properties or adjuncts his gospel, as engages the mind to of faith, we may observe, 1. That fix its dependance on him, and it is the first and principal grace; it subject itself to him in all the stands first in order, and takes the ways of holy obedience, and re-precedence of other graces, Mark lying solely on his grace for ever-xvi, 16. Heb. xi, 6.-2. It is every lasting life. These are the ideas way precious and valuable, 1st Pet. which are generally annexed to theii, 1.-3. It is called in scripture definition of saving faith; but, one faith; for though there are accurately speaking, faith is an several sorts of faith, there is but act of the understanding, giving||one special or saving faith, Eph. iv, credit to the testimony of the gos- 5.-4. It is also denominated pel; and desire, expectation, con-common faith; common to all the fidence, &c. are rather the effects regenerate, Tit. i, 4.-5. It is true, of it, than faith itself, though real, and unfeigned, Acts viii, 37. inseparably connected with it. Rom. x, 10.-6. It cannot be Much has been said as to the finally lost as to the grace of it, order or place in which faith Phil. i, 6. Luke xxii, 32.-7. It is stands in the christian system, progressive, Luke xvii, 5. 2d some placing it before, others Thess. i, 3.-8. It appropriates after repentance. Perhaps the and realizes, or, as the apostle following remarks on the subject says, is the substance of things may be considered as consistent hoped for, and the evidence of with truth and scripture: 1. Re-things not seen, Heb. xi, 1. generation is the work of God The evidences or effects of faith, enlightening the mind, and change-are, 1. Love to Christ, 1st Pet. i, ing the heart, and in order of 8. Gal. v, 6.-2. Confidence, Eph. time precedes faith.-2. Faith is iii, 12.-3. Joy, Rom. v, 11. Phil. the consequence of regeneration, i, 25.-4. Prayer, Heb. iv, 16. and implies the perception of an-5. Attention to his ordinances, object. It discerns the evil of sin, and profit by them, Heb. iv, 2. the holiness of God, gives credence -6. Zeal in the promotion of his to the testimony of God in his glory, 1st Cor. xv, 58. Gal. vi, 9. word, and seems to precede re--7. Holiness of heart and life, pentance, since we cannot re- Matt. vii, 20. 1st John ii, 3. Acts pent of that of which we have no xv, 9. James ii, 18, 20, 22. See clear perception of, or no concern articles ASSURANCE and JUSTIabout.-3. Repentance is an after FICATION, in this work; and Polthought, or sorrowing for sin, the hill on Precious Faith; Lambert's evil nature of which faith per- Sermons, ser. 13, 14, &c.; Scott's ceives, and which immediately Nature and Warrant of Faith; follows faith.-4. Conversion is a Romaine's Life, Walk, and Triturning from sin, which faith sees, umph, of faith; Rotherham's Ess. and repentance sorrows for, and on Faith, Dore's Letters on Faith; seems to follow, and to be the end A. Hall on the Faith and Influence of all the rest. of the Gospel. FAITH, ARTICLE OF. See them under persecution, 1st Pet. ARTICLE. iv, 12, 13. Is. xli, 10. SanctifyFAITH, CONFESSION OF. ing afflictions, Heb. xii, 4 to 12. See CONFESSION IMPLICIT FAITH. Directing them in difficulties, 1st FAITH, IMPLICIT. See Thess. V, 24. Enabling them to persevere, Jer. xxxi, 40. BringFAITHFULNESS OF GOD, ing them to glory, 1st John ii, 25. is that perfection of his nature 4. It appears in the fulfilling of whereby he infallibly fulfils his de- his threatenings. The curse came signs, or performs his word. It ap-upon Adam according as it was pears, says Dr. Gill, in the per-threatened. He fulfilled his formance of what he has said with threatening to the old world in respect to the world in general destroying it. He declared that that it shall not be destroyed by a the Israelites should be subject flood, as it once was, and for a to his awful displeasure, if they token of it has set his bow in the walked not in his ways: it was accloud; that the ordinances of cordingly fulfilled, Deut. xxviii. heaven should keep their due See IMMUTABILITY. course, which they have done for FALL OF MAN, the loss of almost 6000 years, exactly and those perfections and that happipunctually; that all his creatures ness which his Maker bestowed should be supported and provided on him at his creation, through for, and the elements all made transgression of a positive comsubservient to that end, which wemand, given for the trial of man's find do so according to his sove-obedience, and as a token of his reign pleasure, Gen. ix. Isa. liv, holding every thing of God, as 9. Ps. cxlv. Deut. xi, 14, 15. 2d lord paramount of the creation, Pet. iii. with the use of every thing in it, 2. It appears in the fulfilment exclusive of the fruit of one tree. of what he has said with respect This positive law he broke by eatto Christ. Whoever will take the ing the forbidden fruit; first the pains to compare the predictions woman, then the man: and thus of the birth, poverty, life, suffer- the condition or law of the coveings, death, resurrection, and as-nant being broken, the covenant cension of Christ, with the accom- itself was broken. The woman plishment of the same, will find a was enticed by an evil genius, striking demonstration of the faith- under the semblance of a serpent, fulness of God. as appears from its reasoning the 3. It appears in the perform-woman into the transgression of ance of the promises which he the law, of which a brute beast is has made to his people. In res-incapable. Hence this evil genius pect to temporal blessings, 1st Tim. is called a murderer and a liar iv, 8. Psal. lxxxiv, 11. Is. xxxiii, from the beginning, John viii, 44. 16.-2. To spiritual, 1st Cor. i, 9. Rom. v, 12, the old serpent, Rev. In supporting them in temptation, xii, 9, xx, 2. Moses relates this 1st Corinth. x, 13. Encouraging history, from what appeared ex ternally to sense; both, therefore, terity. Infidels, however, have are to be conjoined, the serpent treated the account of the fall, as the instrument, and the devil and its effects, with contempt, and as the primary cause. Man suf- considered the whole as absurd; fered himself to be seduced by but their objections to the manner perverse and confused notions of have been ably answered by a vagood and evil, prompted by a de- riety of authors; and as to the sire of a greater degree of perfec-effects, one would hardly think any tion, and swayed by his sensual body could deny. For, that man appetite, in contradiction to his is a fallen creature, is evident, if reason, Gen. iii, 6. And thus it we consider his misery as an inhaappears possible, how, notwith-bitant of the natural world; the standing the divine image with disorders of the globe we inhabit, which man is adorned, he might and the dreadful scourges with fall; for, though including in it which it is visited; the deplorable knowledge, it did not exclude and shocking circumstances of our from it confused notions, which birth; the painful and dangerous are those arising from sense and travail of women; our natural unimagination, especially when off cleanliness, helplessness, ignorance, our guard and inattentive, blindly and nakedness; the gross darkfollowing the present impression. ness in which we naturally are, From this one sin arose another, both with respect to God and a and then another from the con- future state; the general rebellion nexion of causes and effects, till of the brute creation against us; this repetition brought on a habit the various poisons that lurk in of sin, consequently a state of the animal, vegetable, and mineral moral slavery; called by divines world, ready to destroy us; the a death in sin, a spiritual death, a heavy curse of toil and sweat to defect of power to act according which we are liable; the innumeto the law, and from the motiverable calamities of life, and the of the divine perfections, as death pangs of death. Again, it is eviin general is such a defect of power dent, if we consider him as a citiof action; and this defect or ina-zen of the moral world; his combility, with all its consequences, mission of sin; his omission of duman entailed on his posterity, re-ty; the triumph of sensual appetites maining upon them, till one great-over his intellectual faculties; the er man remove this, and reinstate corruption of the powers that conthem in all they forfeited institute a good head, the underAdam. standing, imagination, memory, In the fall of man we may ob- and reason; the depravity of the serve, 1. The greatest infidelity.-powers which form a good heart, 2. Prodigious pride.-3. Horrid the will, conscience, and affecingratitude.-4. Visible contempt tions; his manifest alienation of God's majesty and justice.-5. from God; his amazing disregard Unaccountable folly.-6. A cru-even of his nearest relatives; his elty to himself and to all his pos-unaccountable unconcern about himself; his detestable tempers kingdom of Portugal have been the general out-breaking of human ambitious of belonging to it. Nor corruption in all individuals; the is this surprising, when it is conuniversal overflowing of it in all sidered that Innocent III granted nations. Some striking proofs of very large indulgences and privithis depravity may be seen in the leges to these familiars; and that general propensity of mankind to the same plenary indulgence is vain, irrational, or cruel diversions; granted by the pope to every single in the universality of the most ridi-exercise of this office, as was culous, impious, inhuman, and dia- granted by the Lateran council to bolical sins; in the aggravating cir-those who succoured the Holy cumstances, attending the display Land. When several persons are of this corruption; in the many in-to be taken up at the same time, effectual endeavours to stem its these familiars are commanded to torrent; in the obstinate resistance order matters that they may know it makes to divine grace in the nothing of one another's being unconverted; the amazing strug-apprehended; and it is related, gles of good men with it; the tes-that a father and his three sons timony of the heathens concern-and three daughters, who lived ing it; and the preposterous con- together in the same house, were ceit which the unconverted have carried prisoners to the inquisiof their own goodness. Dict. of tion without knowing any thing the Bible; Fletcher's Appeal of one another's being there till Matters of Fact; Berry Street seven years afterwards, when they Lectures, vol. i, 180, 189; South's that were alive were released by Sermon's, vol. i, 124, 150; Bates's an act of faith. See art. Act of Harmony of Div. Att. p. 98; Bos- FAITU. ton's Four-fold Stute, part 1st. FALSEHOOD, untruth, de FAMILY PRAYER. See PRAYER. FAMILY OF LOVE, or FAMILISTS. See LOVE. ceit. See LYING. FALSE CHRISTS. See MESSIAH. FANATICS, wild enthusiasts, FAMILIARS OF THE INvisionary persons, who pretend to QUISITION, persons who assist revelation and inspiration. The in apprehending such as are accu-ancients called those fanataci who sed, and carrying them to prison.passed their time in temples They are assistants to the inquisi-fana;) and being often seized tor, and called familiars, because with a kind of enthusiasm, as if inthey belong to his family. In some spired by the Divinity, shewed wild provinces of Italy they are called and antic gestures, cutting and cross bearers; and in others the slashing their arms with knives, scholars of St. Peter the martyr shaking the head, &c. Hence the and wear a cross before them on word was applied among us to the the outside garment. They are Anabaptists, Quakers, &c. at their properly bailiffs of the inquisition;first ise, and is now an epithet and the vile office is esteemed so given to modern prophets, enthusihonourable, that noblemen in the lasts, & and we believe unjustly |