Who ruled over Macedonia after Alexander's death? About fifteen kings, till the battle of Pydna, B.C. 167. Mention the first two, and the last two. Antipater and Cassander; Philip and Perseus.. Mention any thing of a pleasing kind in this period. The Achæan League. What was it, and what was its object? It was a union of the smaller states, to vindicate their freedom against the domineering spirit of the greater. When was it founded, and how long did it last? Who was made commander of this confederacy? Who was king of Sparta at this time? Cleomenes: he made war against the Achæans. Mention a battle between him and Aratus. The battle of Sellasia: the Spartans were defeated. Mention a battle between the Macedonians and Romans. Cynocephalæ. B.C. 197: the Romans gained a victory over Philip. Where was Sellasia? In Laconia, north-east of Sparta. Where was Cynocephala? They were Eminences in Thessaly. Mention a noted tyrant of Sparta. Nabis: surpassed a Phalaris in cruelty: slain, B.C. 192. Mention a man who has been called "the last of the Greeks." Philopœmen: General of the Achæan league. B.C. 183. After his death Greece daily declined. Mention another battle between the Macedonians and Romans. The battle of Pydna: B.C. 168. The Romans conquer Perseus. (Here, in the view of Prophecy, the Fourth or Roman Empire begins.) Mention the capture of a noted Grecian city, B.C. 146. funeral pyre of Grecian independence." What was now the condition of Greece? "the It became a Roman province, under the name of Achaia. We mention a few of the eminent men between B.C. 300— Philosophers. Zeno, Epicurus, Pyrrho. Poets. Theocritus, Callimachus, Lycophron. Historian. Polybius. Before we quit Greece, let me ask a few questions.—What is it pleasing to trace out in Secular History? The progress of knowledge, civilization, and government. How has this taken place in the world? Slowly, by communication and intercourse. Were various branches of knowledge cultivated in remote times? Undoubtedly; in Egypt, Babylon, &c. Was Greece indebted for its knowledge to other nations? It was so, in a measure. Was Rome indebted to Greece for its knowledge? Very much so; as in laws, philosophy, poetry, &c. What is your view of the Greek mind? It was active, fertile, inventive, acute, elegant, &c. What is your view of the Roman mind? It was not very inventive: it followed models; was elegant, &c. Are we indebted to the Greeks and Romans? Very much so our most approved style of thought and writing has a tone and character derived from them. What is remarkable, or wonderful in the history of the human That there have been certain times or ages in which there has been a peculiar manifestation of talent and genius. Give instances of this in ancient history. The age of Pericles in Greece; of Augustus at Rome. What is painful in Grecian history? The rivalry and wars between the different states: The condition of Helots, or slaves; and also of women. What does this history prove to us? That human wisdom, valour, and accomplishments, are no substitutes for true religion. What is the state of man, if God be to him "The Unknown God?" Miserable and abject, whatever be his greatness and splendour. What ought we to feel, as Christians? Unfeigned thankfulness to God for the light of the Gospel. What great moral lessons do the Grecian and Roman histories teach us? The Grecian may teach us the emptiness of human wisdom. The Roman, the emptiness of worldly power and wealth. Does not all History teach us, or prove to us, human depravity? It does so, most fully and forcibly. How may you state this more distinctly? We see in history the folly of the human mind: Mention some of that wickedness. Pride, ambition, avarice, sensuality, cruelty, &c. Such undoubtedly is History.—But let us just notice “The seven wise men of Greece," as they are called, who lived somewhat before and after B.C. 582; about the time of Nebuchadnezzar, and give one or two of their sayings. 1. Thales. Be careful not to do that yourself, which you blame in another. B.C. 548. 2. Solon. In every thing you do, consider the end. I grow old, learning many things. B.C. 558. 3. Chilo. Know thyself. Think before you speak. B.C. 597. 4. Pittacus of Mitylene. Be watchful for opportunities. Whatever you do, do it well. B.C. 570. 5. Bias. Be slow in undertaking, but resolute in executing. Laying wisdom, as the store for your journey from youth to old age. B.C.566. 6. Cleobulus. Avoid excess. B.C. 564. 7. Periander. Be more desirous to hear then to speak. There is nothing which prudence cannot accomplish. B.C. 585. To these may be added Æsop, the celebrated Fabulist, who lived about B.C. 621. Josiah, THE ROMAN HISTORY. What was the state of Italy before the building of Rome? Mention a few of them. Etrurians, Umbrians, Sabines, Ligurians, &c. What do you say of the Etrurians? They were a civilized, polished, prosperous people. Mention one of their kings. B.C. 1187. Tarchun. About the time of Jepthah. What is said of him? Through him the arts and sciences of the East flowed into By whom, and when, was Rome founded? By Romulus. B.C. 753. Mention the first form of government. 1. Monarchical; 7 kings. B.C. 753-509 =244 years. i. Romulus; 753-715. War with the Sabines: civil polity. Jotham. ii. Numa; 715-673. Religion, laws. Hezekiah. iii. Tullus Hostilius: 673-641. Alba destroyed: other iv. Ancus Martius; 641-616. War with the Latins, Veientes, Sabines, &c. Josiah. v. Tarquinius Priscus; 616-578. War with the Latins, Etrurians, and Sabines. The Capitol founded, 615: finished 533 dedicated 507. Josiah, Zedekiah, &c. vi. Servius Tullius; 978-538. War and legislation. Captivity 29th year. vii. Tarquin the Proud; 538-509. Warlike, tyrannical. Lucretia. End of Captivity. Mention the second form of government. A sort of Aristocratic Republic. 2. Consular: two consuls annually: 509-30 Notice some other magistrates in this period. = 479. i. Quaestors; 608.—ii. Dictator; 501. He had absolute Mention the third form of government. 3. Imperial; Emperors: B.C. 30-A.D. 476503. Growth of the Roman Power. What may we call the first or Regal period? = 244 years. 1. The Infancy of Rome: 753-509 What was the Roman territory at the expulsion of the kings? About forty miles in length, and thirty in breadth.-The |