Tensile strength (minimum). . Reduction in area (minimum) *As determined by a 0.2 percent offset method. 60,000 p.s.i. 20 percent in 2 inches (c) Tensile properties shall be determined in accordance with applicable sections of ASTM A370 for mechanical testing of steel products. Tensile tests of finished studs shall be made on studs welded to test plates using a test fixture with dimensions similar to those shown in Table 717-3. If fracture occurs outside the middle half of the gage length, the test shall be repeated. (d) Finished studs shall be of uniform quality and condition, free from injurious laps, fins, seams, cracks, twists, bends or other injurious defects. Finish shall be as produced by cold drawing, cold rolling or machining. (e) The studs shall conform to the dimensions given in Table 717-3. *Length includes thickness of head. Standard length is 4 inches but other lengths may be obtained by special order. (f) The Contractor shall furnish the manufacturer's certification that the studs as delivered are in accordance with the material requirements of this section. Certified copies of inplant quality control test reports shall be furnished to the Engineer upon request. 717.13 Elastomeric Bearing Pads. Elastomeric bearing pads may be approved and used for applied dead load of not over 500 p.s.i. or for combination dead load, live load, and impact of not more than 800 p.s.i. Initial deflection under the combination load shall not exceed 15 percent of the thickness of the pad. Pads less than 1 inch in thickness shall be cast in a single integral layer. Pads 1 inch or more in thickness shall consist of alternate laminations of elastomer and metal or elastomer and fabric bonded together. The outside laminations shall be metal or fabric. The outside and edges of metal laminations shall be coated over with elastomer not more than 8 inch in thickness. Laminations of elastomer shall be 1⁄2 inch ± 8 inch in thickness. Variation in thickness of an individual elastomer lamination shall not exceed 1⁄2 inch and the variation in thickness of all elastomer lamination shall be such that each metal or fabric lamination shall not vary more than 1/8 inch from a plane parallel to the top or bottom surface of the pad. The total out-to-out thickness of the pad shall not be less than that shown on the plans nor more than 1/4 inch greater than that thickness. Variation in total thickness of any pad shall not exceed 8 inch. The length and width shall not vary more than 8 inch from the dimensions shown on the plans. Pads containing metal laminations shall be full molded. Pads of all elastomer or with fabric laminations may be cut from large sheets. Cutting shall be performed in such a manner as to avoid heating of the material and to produce a smooth edge with no tears or other jagged areas. If corners and edges of molded pads are rounded, the radius at the corners shall not exceed 8-inch and that at the edges shall not exceed 1⁄4-inch. The bond between elastomer and metal or fabric shall be such that, when a sample is tested for separation, failure shall occur within the elastomer. Metal laminations shall be rolled mild steel sheets of not less than 20 gage. Fabric laminations shall be a long chain synthetic polymer containing at least 85 percent of polyester from ethylene glycol and teraphthalic acid. Each ply of the fabric shall have a breaking strength of not less than 700 pounds per inch of width in both directions. Fabric laminations shall be single ply at top and bottom surfaces of the pad and either double ply or double strength within the pad. The neoprene constituent of the elastomer compound shall be not less than 60 percent by volume. The elastomer, as determined from test specimens conforming to ASTM D3183, shall conform to the following requirements: *Samples to be solvent wiped before test to remove any traces of surface impurities. Bearing pads may be accepted, subject to the provisions of subsection 106.03, upon certification from the manufacturer submitted to the Engineer by the Contractor, that all components of the pads furnished conform to the applicable requirements herein. The certification shall be supported by a certified copy of the tests performed upon components representative of those actually used in the pads furnished. 717.14 Structural Aluminum Alloy. Structural aluminum materials shall conform to the requirements shown on the plans and "Specifications for Aluminum Bridge and Other Highway Structures" published by the Aluminum Association, Inc. 717.15 Materials for Aluminum Alloy Bridge Rail. Aluminum alloys shall conform to the requirements of the indicated specifications of Table 717-4, as shown on the plans. 717.16 Aluminum Bolt Heads and Nuts. Aluminum bolt heads and nuts shall conform to American Standard heavy hexagon ANSI B18.2. Threads shall conform to American Standard coarse series, Class 2 fit, ANSI specification B1.1. 717.17 Aluminum Welding Wire. Aluminum welding wire shall conform to the requirements of the specifications shown below: 717.18 Elastomeric Compression Joint Seals. Elastomeric compression joint seals shall conform to AASHTO M220. 717.19 Metal bin type crib walls. The galvanized sheets shall conform to the applicable requirements of AASHTO M218. The various members shall be fabricated from specified metal of the thickness shown in the plans. Section 718-REFLECTIVE SHEETING 718.01 Testing Procedures. (a) Test panels Unless otherwise specified herein, when tests are to be performed using test panels, the specimens of reflective material shall be applied to smooth 0.020, 0.040, or 0.063 inch thick aluminum panels of 6061-T6 or 5052-H38 alloy. The aluminum panel should be prepared in accordance with ASTM B449, Class 2 or degreased and lightly acid etched. (b) Test Conditions Unless otherwise specified herein, all applied and unapplied test samples shall be conditioned at standard conditions of 72±2°F and 50±4% Relative Humidity for 24 hours prior to testing. (c) Specific Intensity Per Unit Area Measurements shall be conducted in accordance with Instrumental Photometric Measurements of Retroreflective Materials and Retroreflective Devices, Federal Test Method Standard 370. Test will be conducted at 50 feet with 1 inch source and 1 inch receiver on 12 inch square test specimen. Observation and entrance angles shall be in the same plane. Rotate to brightest orientation angle for Tables III, IV, V or VI. Presentation angle is 0o. The brightness of the reflective sheeting when totally wet, shall not be less than 90% of the dry values in Tables III. IV, V or VI of subsection 633.06(c). Wet performance measurements shall be made on new sheeting in accordance with the standard rainfall test specified below. (1) Reflective Intensity During Rainfall The reflective intensity under simulated rainfall conditions (wet performance) shall be determined as follows using the water nozzle and test setup shown in Figure 2. Place the test panels on which the sheeting has been applied in an upright position 6 inches below and 4 inches in front of the water nozzle as shown in Figure 2. Apply sufficient water pressure so that the upper surface of the spray envelope strikes the top of the specimen. With water falling on the specimen, determine the reflective intensity, at angles of 0.2° divergence and minus 4° incidence only, as specified above, except that the measurement shall be made on each specimen and the reflective intensity during rainfall shall be the average of the three determinations. (d) Adhesion Test-Subject two 2-inch by 6-inch pieces of the reflective material to a temperature of 160°F and a pressure of 2.5 pounds per square inch for 4 hours. Bring the materials to equilibrium at standard conditions and cut 1-inch by 6-inch adhesion specimen from each piece and remove the liner by hand without the use of water or other solvents. During removal of the liner, it shall be noted whether any liner breaks or tears or removes any adhesive from the backing. Apply 4 inches of one end of each specimen to a test panel. Suspend the panels in a horizontal position with the specimen facing downward. Attach a 13⁄4 pound weight to the free end of each specimen and allow it to hang free at an angle of 90° to General Note: "F" temper applies to products which acquire some temper from fabricating processes. 3. Compatible stainless or coated steel nuts and washers shall be used. Aluminum not permitted for anchor bolts. 5. Must be used for stress-carrying bolts, and may be used for minor bolts. 6. Permitted as an alternate material for minor bolts. 7. For use with aluminum bolts and screws. Aluminum not permitted for anchor bolt nuts and washers. 8. Recommended specifications is B211, but 2221 acceptable as an alternate. 9. In general, T4 temper is applicable to thicknesses of 4 inch and over, and T3 is applicable to lesser thicknesses. 10. Recommended specification is B316, but 221 acceptable as an alternate. BR 3356 6061-T6 2 11 6061-T4 2 12 43-F 356-T6 356-F 43-F |