705.03 Rubber Gaskets. Ring gaskets for rigid pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M-198. Continuous flat gaskets for flexible metal pipe shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D 1056 with grade SCE 41 used for bands with projections, or flat bands and grade SCE 43 for corrugated bands. Gasket thickness for bands with projections or flat bands shall be 1⁄2" greater than the nominal depth of the corrugation and shall be 3⁄4'' for corrugated bands.

705.04 Oakum. Oakum for joints in bell and spigot pipe shall be made from hemp (Cannabis Sativa) line, or Benares Sunn fiber, or from a combination of these fibers. The oakum shall be thoroughly corded and finished and practically free from lumps, dirt, and extraneous matter.

705.05 Mortar for Masonry Beds and Joints.

(a) Composition.—Unless otherwise indicated on the plans, masonry mortar shall be composed of one part portland cement or air-entraining portland cement and two parts fine aggregate by volume to which hydrated lime has been added in an amount equal to 10 percent of the cement by weight. In lieu of air-entraining cement, portland cement may be used with an air-entraining admixture in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section 552. For masonry walls not exceeding 6 feet in height, a mortar composed of one part masonry cement and two parts fine aggregate by volume may be substituted for the above mixture of portland cement, lime, and fine aggregate. For other construction, masonry cement may be used if and as shown on the plans.

(b) Materials.-Either type I or type IA air entraining portland cement, conforming to AASHTO M 85 may be used, except that when the contract contains an item for concrete under Section 552, the Contractor may use the same type as is used for that work.

Masonry cement shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 150 (ASTM C91). Fine aggregate shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 45 (ASTM C 144). Hydrated lime shall meet the requirements for residue, popping and pitting, and water retention shown for type N lime in ASTM C 207.

Water shall conform to the requirements of subsection 712.01.

Air-entraining agents shall conform to the requirements of subsection 711.02.

705.06 Copper Water Stops or Flashings. Sheet copper for water stops or flashings shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 138 (ASTM B152) for type ETP, light cold-rolled, soft anneal, unless otherwise specified in the special provisions.

705.07 Rubber Water Stops. Rubber water stops may be molded or extruded and shall have a uniform cross section, free from porosity or other defects, conforming to the nominal dimensions shown on the plans. An equivalent standard shape may be furnished, if approved by the Engineer.

The water stop may be compounded from natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or a blend of the two, together with other compatible materials which will produce a finished water stop meeting the requirements tabulated herein. No reclaimed material shall be used. The Contractor shall furnish a certificate from the producer to show the general composition of the material and values for the designated properties. The Contractor shall also furnish samples, in lengths adequate for making designated tests, as ordered by the Engineer. Required properties and test methods—finished rubber water stop

705.08 Plastic Water Stops. Plastic water stops shall be fabricated with a uniform cross section, free from porosity or other defects, to the nominal dimensions shown on the plans. An equivalent standard shape may be furnished, if approved by the Engineer.

The material from which the water stop is fabricated shall be a homogeneous, elastomeric, plastic compound of basic polyvinyl chloride and other material which, after fabrication, will meet the requirements tabulated herein. No reclaimed material shall be used. The Contractor shall furnish a certificate from the producer, showing values for the designated properties in Table 705.08-1. The Contractor shall furnish samples, in lengths adequate for making designated tests, as ordered by the Engineer.

705.09 Hot Poured Pipe-Joint Sealing Compound. Hot poured compounds shall meet the requirements of Federal Specification SS-S-169 for the type and class specified. 705.10 Pipe-Joint Packing Compound. Packing compounds for use with sealing compounds specified in subsection 705.09 shall be of appropriate sizes and shall meet the requirements of either Federal Specification HH-P-117.

705.11 Preformed Plastic Sealing Compound. Preformed plastic sealing compounds for concrete pipe joints shall meet the requirements of Federal Specification SS-S-210.

TABLE 705.08-1

Required properties and test methods—finished plastic water stop

'The cold bend test will be made by subjecting a 1-inch by 6-inch by 1⁄4-inch strip of plastic water stop to a temperature of minus 20 degrees Fahrenheit for 2 hours. The strip will immediately thereafter be bent 180 degrees around a rod of 4 inch diameter by applying sufficient force to hold the sample in intimate contact with the rod. The sample will then be examined for evidence of cracking. At least three individual samples from each lot will be tested and the result reported.

Section 706.-CONCRETE, CLAY, PLASTIC AND FIBER PIPE

706.01 Non-Reinforced Concrete Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 86 (ASTM C 14) for the specified diameters and strength classes.

706.02 Reinforced Concrete Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 170 or AASHTO M 242 (ASTM C 655) for the specified diameters and strength classes. Elliptical pipe conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M 207 (ASTM C 507), shall be furnished where specified. Unless otherwise specified, pipe wall design and use of elliptical reinforcement in circular pipe are optional. Reinforced concrete arch culvert pipe shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 206 (ASTM C 506).

Precast reinforced concrete end sections shall conform to the requirements of the cited specifications to the extent to which they apply. Reinforced Concrete D-load pipe shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 242 (ASTM C 655).

706.03 Perforated Concrete Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 175 for the specifi ed diameters and strength classes.

706.04 Drain Tile. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 178 or M 179 (ASTM C 4) for the specified material, diameters and quality classes.

706.05 Porous Concrete Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 176 (ASTM C 654) for the specified diameters.

706.06 Vitrified Clay Lined Reinforced Concrete Pipe. Designs for fully lined or half lined pipes of the specified strength classes shall be submitted by the manufacturer for approval. The applicable requirements of AASHTO M 170 and AASHTO M 65 shall govern. Liner, or liner elements, shall be clay of first quality, sound, thoroughly and perfectly burned, without warps, cracks, or other imperfections, and fully and smoothly salt glazed.

706.07 Perforated Vitrified Clay Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 65, for pipe with full circular cross section, for the specified diameter and strength class. When specified, the bell shall have integral spacer lugs to provide for an annular opening and self-centering feature.

706.08 Vitrified Clay Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 65 for the specified diameters and strength classes for circular, unperforated or perforated pipe, as shown on the plans.

706.09 Cradle Invert Clay Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the applicable requirements of AASHTO M 65.

706.10 Asbestos Cement Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 217 or ASTM C 428 for the specified diameters and strength classes.

706.11 Perforated Asbestos Cement Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 189 for the specified diameters.

706.12 Bituminized Fiber Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 177, ASTM D 1861 or D 1862.

706.13 Perforated Bituminized Fiber Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 177 for the specified diameters. Unless otherwise specified, either Type I or Type II couplings may be furnished.

706.14 Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain and Sewer Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 206 (ASTM C 506).

706.15 Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain and Sewer Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 207 (ASTM C 507).

706.16 Reinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain and Sewer Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO, M 242 (ASTM C 655).

706.17 Plastic and Polyethylene Corrugated Drainage Pipe or Tubing. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 252.

706.18 Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers. These sections shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M259.

706.19 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Sewer Pipe and Fittings. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D 2751.

706.20 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABC) Composite Sewer Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D 2680.

706.21 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Drain Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M-267.

Section 707.-METAL PIPE

707.01 Cast Iron Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 64 or ASTM A 716 for the specified diameters and strength classes. Unless otherwise specified either smooth, corrugated or ribbed pipe may be furnished. Pipe of diameter in excess of 48 inches shall conform to the ANSI standard for Cast Iron Pit Cast Pipe for the specified diameter and strength class.

707.02 Corrugated Iron or Steel Pipe and Pipe Arches.

(a) Riveted pipe and pipe arches.-These conduits shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 36 and M 218 for the specified sectional dimensions and thicknesses.

(b) Welded pipe and pipe arches.-Corrugated steel pipe and pipe arches fabricated by resistance spot welding shall comply with the applicable requirements of AASHTO M 36 and M 218.

(c) Helical pipe.-Unperforated helically corrugated pipe with continuous lock or welded seams shall be fabricated to sizes shown on the plans in conformance with the applicable requirements of AASHTO M 36 and M 218.

(d) Special sections, such as elbows and prefabricated flared end sections, shall conform to the applicable requirements of AASHTO M 36 and M 218.

Coupling bands shall conform to AASHTO M 36 and M 218, except that use of bands with projections (dimple bands) will be limited to end sections and to pipe laid on grades under 10 percent.

Bands of special design that engage factory reformed ends of corrugated pipe may be used. Steel sheets of the required composition may be furnished with commercially produced corrugation dimensions other than those specified in AASHTO M 36, M 218, M246, if shown on the plans or approved by the Engineer.

707.03 Bituminous Coated Corrugated Iron or Steel Pipe and Pipe Arches. These conduits, coupling bands and special sections shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M-190 coating Type A, B, or C as specified. Coupling bands shall be fully coated with bituminous material.

Special sections, such as elbows and other sections shall conform to the applicable requirements of AASHTO M-190. Coating and invert paving shall be of the type specified. Flared end sections shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M-243 for the coating specified. The Engineer may waive the imperviousness test for coated pipe if no separation of coating from metal is observed.

When asbestos bonded bituminous coating is specified these requirements shall equally apply and in addition the special process of embedding asbestos fiber in the molten metallic bonding medium shall be used to bond the bituminous coating. Asbestos-bonded corrugated metal pipe shall be fabricated in accordance with AASHTO M 36 using asbestos-bonded sheets of base metal specified therein. Both sides of the metal sheets shall be coated with a layer of asbestos fibers pressed into the molten zinc bonding medium. Immediately after the metallic bond has solidified, the asbestos fibers shall be thoroughly impregnated with a bituminous saturant. The finished sheets shall be uniformly coated and free from blisters. After fabrication, the culvert sections shall be treated as specified for either Type A, B, or C, as called for in the bid schedule, in accordance with AASHTO M 190. Coupling bands shall be fully coated with bituminous material conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M-36 and M-190, Type A. The use of bands with projections (dimple bands) will be limited to end sections and to pipe laid on grades under 10 percent.

707.04 Corrugated Iron or Steel Pipe for Underdrains. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 36 and M218 for the specified diameters and types. Galvanized metal part-circle pipe may be used if permitted by the special provisions and shown in the bid schedule.

707.05 Bituminous Coated Iron or Steel Pipe for Underdrains. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 36 and M218 and shall be coated with bituminous material to meet requirements of AASHTO M190, Type A coating, except that minimum coating thickness shall be 0.03-inch. Coupling bands shall be fully coated. The specified minimum diameter of perforations shall apply after coating. The Engineer may waive the imperviousness test if no separation of coating from metal is observed.

707.06 Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Culvert Pipe. This shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M196 and M197.

707.07 Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Pipe for Underdrains. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M197 and M196.

707.08 Bituminous Coated Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Culvert Pipe. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M196 and M197 and shall be coated with bitumi

nous material conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M190. Coating and invert paving shall be of the type specified.

707.09 Bituminous Coated Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Pipe Underdrain. This pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M196 and AASHTO M197 and shall be coated with bituminous material conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M190, type coating as specified.

707.10 Structural Plate for Pipe, Pipe Arches, and Arches. These conduits and bolts and nuts for connecting plates shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M167.

707.11 Full Bituminous Coated Structural Plate Pipe, Pipe Arches, and Arches. These conduits shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M167 and shall be coated with bituminous material conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M243, type coating as specified.

707.12 Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate for Pipe, Pipe Arches, and Arches. These conduits and the bolts and nuts for connecting plates shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M219.

707.13 Full Bituminous Coated Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate Pipe, Pipe Arches and Arches. These conduits shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M219 and shall be coated with bituminous material conforming to AASHTO M190, type coating as specified. 707.14 Precoated, Galvanized Steel Culverts and Underdrains. The conduits shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M245 and M246.

707.15 Slotted Pipe. Slotted pipe shall be the angle slot type or the grate slot type. The type of slotted pipe to be installed shall be at the option of the Contractor.

Slot angles for the angle slot drain shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A36. Grate assemblies for the grate slot drain shall conform to ASTM A36 or A576. Slot angles and grate slot assemblies shall be galvanized in accordance with the provisions in subsection 712.07. Flashing shall be commercial quality and shall be galvanized with a G165 Coating Designation conforming to the provisions in ASTM A525. Bolts and nuts shall conform to the provisions in ASTM A307. Structural tubing spacers shall conform to the provisions in ASTM A501. Said bolts, nuts, and spacers shall be galvanized in accordance with the provisions in subsection 712.07.

(a) Rustic guard rail paint shall be a cresote stain of commercial quality, satisfactory to the Engineer.

(b) Sawed posts and rails.—White paint for posts and rails other than rustic shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M70.

Black paint shall consist of lampblack ground in oil and mixed to the required consistency with pure raw linseed oil. Lampblack shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D209 and linseed oil shall conform to the requirements of Federal Specification TT-L-215.

708.02 Paint for Timber Structures. Paint for timber structures shall conform to AASHTO M70, type I, class B. The paint as specified is intended for use in covering previously painted surfaces. When it is applied to unpainted timber, turpentine and linseed oil shall be added as required by the character of the surface in an amount not to exceed 1 pint each per gallon of the paint. The paint shall be white unless otherwise specified. 708.03 Paint for Steel Structures.

(a) General. All paint furnished must be shipped in strong, substantial containers, plainly marked with the name, weight, and volume of paint content, together with the color, formula, and the name and address of the manufacturer.

Paint systems shall be of the type shown on the plans or in the special provisions.