Section 100 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Section 101.-DEFINITIONS AND TERMS 101.01 Abbreviations. Wherever the following abbreviations are used in these specifications or on the plans, they are to be construed the same as the respective expressions represented: AA-Aluminum Association. AAN-American Association of Nurserymen. AAR-Association of American Railroads. AASHTO-American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. ACI-American Concrete Institute. AGC-Associated General Contractors of America. AIA-American Institute of Architects. AISC-American Institute of Steel Construction. AISI-American Iron and Steel Institute. AITC-American Institute of Timber Construction. ANSI-American National Standards Institute. API-American Petroleum Institute. ARA-American Railway Association. AREA-American Railway Engineering Association. ARTBA—American Road and Transportation Builders Association. ASCE-American Society of Civil Engineers. ASLA-American Society of Landscape Architects. ASME-American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ASTM-American Society for Testing and Materials. AWS-American Welding Society. AWWA-American Water Works Association. FHWA-The Federal Highway Administration. FPR-Federal Procurement Regulations System. FSS-Federal Specifications and Standards. GSA-General Services Administration. ITE-Institute of Transportation Engineers. MESA-Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration. MIL-Military Specifications. NBS-National Bureau of Standards. OSHA-Occupational Safety and Health Administration. PCA-Portland Cement Association. PCI-Prestressed Concrete Institute. PTI-Post-Tensioning Institute. SAE-Society of Automotive Engineers. SF-Standard Form. SSPC-Steel Structures Painting Council. UL-Underwriter's Laboratory. 101.02 Definitions. Wherever in these specifications or in other contract documents the following terms or pronouns in place of them are used, the intent and meaning shall be interpreted as follows: Advertisement.—A public announcement inviting bids for work to be performed or materials to be furnished. Award. The written acceptance by the Government of a bid. Bid.-The offer of a bidder, on prescribed forms to perform the work and to furnish the labor and materials at the price quoted. Bid forms.-The approved forms on which the Government requires bids to be prepared and submitted for the work. Bid guarantee.-The security furnished with a bid to guarantee that the bidder will enter into the contract if his bid is accepted. Bid schedule. The prepared schedule included with the bid forms, containing the estimated quantities of pay items for which unit bid prices are invited. Bidder.-An individual, partnership, firm, corporation, or any acceptable combination thereof or joint venture submitting a bid for the advertised work. Bridge.-A structure, including supports, erected over a depression or an obstruction, as water, highway, or railway, and having a track or passageway for carrying traffic or other moving loads and having an opening measured along the center of the roadway of more than twenty feet between undercopings of abutments or spring lines of arches or extreme ends of openings for multiple boxes; may include multiple pipes where the clear distance between openings is less than half of the smaller contiguous openings. Bridge length.-The greater dimension of a structure measured along the center of the roadway between backs of abutment backwalls or between ends of bridge floor. Bridge roadway width.-The clear width of structure measured at right angles to the center of the roadway between the bottom of curbs or, if curbs are not used, between the inner faces of bridge parapet or railing. Calendar day. Any day shown on the calendar, beginning and ending at midnight. Change order.-An order issued to the Contractor, covering changes within the scope of the contract and establishing the basis of payment and time adjustments for the work affected by the changes in accordance with SF 23A. Contract.-The written agreement between the Government and the Contractor setting forth the obligations of the parties thereunder, for the performance of the prescribed work. The contract includes all documents and Standard Forms included or referred to in the Invitation for Bids; also other documents agreed to subsequently to provide for completion of the work in an acceptable manner. Contract item (pay item).—A specific unit of work for which a price is provided in the contract. Contract payment bond.—The security furnished to the contracting agency to guarantee payment of prescribed debts of the Contractor covered by the bond. Contract performance bond.—The security furnished to the contracting agency to guarantee completion of the work in accordance with the contract. Contract quality control terms: ACCEPTANCE LIMIT (L OR U). A number that is the largest or smallest value of measurements of a characteristic of acceptable material. ACCEPTANCE PLAN. An agreed-upon method of taking and making measurements on a sample for the purpose of determining the acceptability of a lot of material or construction. ARITHMETIC MEAN. A measure of the central tendency (i.e. the average value). For a set of observations the symbol used is X which is defined as the sum of all of the observations divided by the number of observations. For a population the symbol is X' (or the symbol which is mostly used in Statistics texts) which defines the true value of the central tendency or mean of the population. CHARACTERISTIC. A measurable property of a material, product, or item of construction. |