(c) Payment for rolling shall be considered subsidiary to the price bid for the item in subsection 203.23, as applicable. 203.20 Protection of Structures. If embankment can be deposited on one side only of abutments, wing walls, piers or culvert headwalls, care shall be taken that the area immediately adjacent to the structure is not compacted to the extent that it will cause overturning of, or excessive pressure against the structure. When noted on the plans, the fill adjacent to the end bent of a bridge shall not be placed higher than the bottom of the backwall of the bent until the superstructure is in place. When embankment is to be placed on both sides of a concrete wall or box type structure, operations shall be so conducted that the embankment is always at approximately the same elevation on both sides of the structure. 203.21 Earth Berms. When called for in the contract, permanent earth berms shall be constructed of well graded material with no rocks having a diameter greater than 1⁄4 the height of the berm. When local material is not acceptable, acceptable material shall be imported, as directed by the Engineer. (a) Compacted Berm. Compacted berm construction shall consist of moistening or drying and placing material as necessary in locations shown on the drawings or as established by the Engineer. Material shall contain no frozen material, roots, sod, or other deleterious material. Contractor shall take precautions to prevent material from escaping over the embankment slope. Shoulder surface beneath berm will be roughened to provide a bond between the berm and shoulder when completed. The Contractor shall compact the material placed until at least 90 percent of the maximum density is obtained as determined by AASHTO T-99, Method C. The cross section of the finished compacted berm shall reasonably conform to the typical cross-section as shown on the plans. (b) Uncompacted Berm. Uncompacted berm construction shall consist of drying, if necessary, and placing material in locations shown on the plans or as established by the Engineer. Material shall contain no frozen material, roots, sod or other deleterious material. Contractor shall take precautions to prevent material from escaping over the embankment slope. Method of Measurement 203.22 Measurements will be made as follows: (a) Slope stake basis-Unless otherwise provided, the slope stake basis of payment for roadway excavation will be used. The quantities will be measured in accordance with (c) final measurement basis except as provided below: Slope stake measurements taken by the Engineer prior to construction, will be used in lieu of final measurements, provided the Engineer has determined that the work has been acceptably completed in conformity to the staked lines and slopes. If the Engineer determines that any portion of the excavation is acceptable but has not been done in conformity to the staked lines and slopes, he will make final measurements in accordance with method (c). In this case, no payment will be made for unauthorized excavation or overbreakage outside the slope lines as staked. (b) Plan quantity basis-When the plan quantity basis of payment for roadway excavation is specified in the special provisions, the quantities of excavation shall be measured in accordance with subsection 109.02. When the Engineer determines, by review of the Contractor's request (as set out in subsection 109.02) or by his own inspection, the plan quantity to be inaccurate, remeasurement will be made in accordance with (c) Final measurement basis. The undisturbed ground surface elevations which were used in the design of the project will be substituted for and used as original field cross sections, and additional cross sections may be interpolated at points where necessary to more accurately determine the quantities. (c) Final measurement basis-When the final measurement basis of payment for roadway excavation is specified in the special provisions, quantities actually excavated and accepted will be measured in original position, by the average end area method, and in accordance with the following: Preliminary cross sections or comparable measurements will be taken of the undisturbed ground surface. Final cross sections or comparable measurements will be taken of the completed and accepted work. Except where presplitting is specified, the measurements will include overbreakage in rock excavation from the backslope, not to exceed 10 percent of the quantity of rock excavation located within the slope lines shown on the plans or revised by the Engineer's stakeout for any interval between adjacent original cross sec tions. (d) Alternative methods of measurements—Where it is impractical to measure material by the cross-section method due to the erratic location of isolated deposits, acceptable methods involving 3-dimensional measurements, including hauling vehicle measurements, may be used. (e) Measurement on a linear basis-When it is specified that an item of excavation is to be measured and paid for on a linear basis, the actual length will be measured in the units specified in the contract. Berm will be measured by the linear foot along the front face of the section. No deduction in length will be made for drainage structures installed in the berm such as catch basins, overside-drains, drop inlets, etc. Sloperounding on each side will be measured horizontally along the center line of the roadway. Shoulder excavation will be measured horizontally along the centerline of the roadway, and this measurement includes shoulder excavation for both sides of the roadway. The crushed aggregate base for backfill, and the bituminous prime coat, will be measured and paid for under Sections 304 and 410, respectively. (f) Measurement of excavation items on a weight basis—An item of excavation may be specified to be measured and paid for on a weight basis as shown in the bid schedule. (g) Measurement of embankments-Embankments will be measured and paid for by the cubic yard when so specified in the contract. Embankment measured by the cubic yard will be measured in the final position by cross-sectioning and the quantities computed by the average end-area method. (h) Measurement of borrow-Borrow will be measured and paid for by the cubic yard or ton. (i) Water-Water will be paid for in accordance with Section 207. 203.23 (a) The volume of excavation to be measured will include: (1) Roadway excavation. (2) Rock and unsuitable material below the required grade and unsuitable material beneath embankment areas. (3) Benches authorized and excavated in accordance with subsection 203.05 except for serrated slopes in cuts. (4) Ditches, except furrow ditches included in pay item 203(13). (5) Topsoil and other material removed from the roadway and stockpiled as directed. (6) Borrow material used in the work. (7) Overburden and other spoil material for Case 1 borrow pits as defined in subsection 203.03, except no payment will be made for replacing the material. (8) Loose scattered rocks removed and placed as directed within the roadway. (9) The volume of conserved materials taken from stockpiles and used in the work, except topsoil included for payment under pay item 624(2). (10) Slide material not attributable to carelessness of the Contractor. (b) No measurement will be made of the following: (1) Overburden and other spoil material from Case 2 borrow pits as defined in subsection 203.03. (2) When presplitting is specified, neither presplitting or overbreakage from the backslope in rock excavation. (3) Removal of water by aeration of fill material to obtain required density, unless otherwise specified. (4) Any volumes of water or other liquid material. (5) Material used for purposes other than directed. (6) Roadbed material scarified in place and used in the improvement by road-mixing or similar operations. Basis of Payment 203.24 The accepted quantities of excavation and embankment pay items, determined as provided above, will be paid for at the contract price per unit of measurement for each of the pay items listed below that is included in the bid schedule. Payment will be made under: Pay item 203(1) Common excavation. 203(2) Rock excavation 203(3) Unclassified excavation 203(4) Shoulder excavation . 203(5) Muck excavation ... 203(6) Borrow excavation Case 1.... 203(7) Borrow excavation Case 2. 203(8) Selected borrow for topping, Case 1.. 203(9) Selected borrow for topping, Case 1.. 203(10) Selected borrow for topping, Case 2.. 203(11) Selected borrow for topping, Case 2. 203(12) Embankment.. 203(13) Furrow ditches 203(14) Rounding cut slopes. 203(15) Earth berm.. Pay unit Cubic yard Cubic yard Cubic yard Station Cubic yard Cubic yard Cubic yard Cubic yard Ton Cubic yard Ton Cubic yard Linear foot Linear foot Linear foot Section 204-SOIL EROSION CONTROL Description 204.01 This work shall consist of Temporary Control measures as shown on the plans or ordered by the Engineer during the life of a contract to control soil erosion and water pollution, through use of berms, dikes, silt fences, brush barriers, dams, sediment basins, fiber mats, netting, gravel, mulches, grasses, slope drains, and other erosion control devices or methods. The temporary erosion control provisions contained herein shall be coordinated with the permanent erosion control features to assure economical, effective and continuous erosion control throughout the construction period. Materials 204.02 Materials shall conform to the requirements specified in the following subsection: Seed Temporary slope drains shall be constructed of material acceptable to the Engineer, i.e. pipe, fibermats, rubble and plastic pipe or sheets. Mulch shall be wood chips if produced by the Contractor under Section 201. All other materials shall meet commercial grade standards and shall be approved by the Engineer before being incorporated into the project. Construction Requirements 204.03 Near the time of the preconstruction conference, the Contractor shall participate with the Engineer in developing a schedule for temporary and permanent soil erosion control work. No work shall be started until the schedule has been finalized and the necessary controls installed as required for the particular operation to be in progress. The Contractor will be directed to provide immediate permanent or temporary erosion control measures to prevent soild erosion that will adversely affect construction operations, damage adjacent properties, or cause contamination of adjacent streams or other watercourses, lakes, ponds or other areas of water impoundment. Such work may involve the construction of temporary berms, dikes, dams, sediment basins, slope drains and use of temporary mulches, mats, seeding or other control devices or methods as necessary to control erosion. Cut and fill slopes shall be seeded and mulched as the excavation proceeds to the extent considered desirable and practicable. The Contractor will be required to incorporate all permanent erosion control features into the project at the earliest practicable time as outline in his accepted schedule to minimize the need for temporary erosion control measures. See the specific item of construction for construction procedures of itsme referred to herein. Where erosion is a problem, clearing and grubbing operations should be so scheduled and performed that grading operations and permanent erosion control features can follow immediately thereafter if the project conditions permit; otherwise, temporary erosion control measures may be required between successive construction stages. The Engineer will limit the area of clearing and grubbing excavation, borrow and embankment operations in progress commensurate with the Contractor's capability and progress in keeping the finish grading, mulching, seeding and other such permanent erosion and pollution control measures current in accordance with the accepted schedule. Should seasonal limitations make such coordination unrealistic, temporary erosion control measures shall be taken immediately to the extent feasible and justified. The Engineer may increase or decrease the amount of surface area of erodible earth material to be exposed at one time by clearing and grubbing, excavation, borrow and fill operations as determined by his analysis of project conditions. In the event that temporary erosion and pollution control measures are required due to the Contractor's negligence, carelessness or failure to install permanent controls as a part of the work as scheduled or as ordered by the Engineer, such work shall be performed by the Contractor at his own expense. Temporary erosion and pollution control may include construction work outside the rightof-way where such work is necessary as a result of roadway construction such as borrow pit operations, haul roads and equipment storage sites. The erosion control features installed by the Contractor shall be acceptably maintained by the Contractor. Method of Measurement 204.04 When the bid schedule contains a contingent sum item for soil erosion and pollution control, the work will be measured and paid for at the agreed unit prices, lump sum price, or force account in accordance with subsection 109.08. When the bid schedule contains a lump sum item for soil erosion and pollution control, measurement for payment will be made in accordance with subsection 109.02 for the soil erosion and pollution control work shown on the plans or designated in the special provisions. When the bid schedule contains estimated quantities for soil erosion and pollution control items of work on a unit basis, measurement will be made by the unit specified for each particular pay item listed in the bid schedule and used as directed. Basis of Payment 204.05 The accepted quantities of soil erosion and pollution control work, determined as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit prices per unit of measurement for each of the pay items listed below that is included in the bid schedule. Soil erosion and pollution control work performed under a contingent sum pay item will be paid for as stipulated in the written order authorizing the work. When the bid schedule does not contain an item for any aforementioned soil erosion or pollution control, the work will not be paid for directly but will be considered as a subsidiary obligation of the Contractor under other contract items. Payment will be made under: Pay item 204(1) Soil erosion and pollution control.. for soil erosion and pollution control... 204(3) 204(4) 204(5) 204(6) 204(7) 204(8) 204(9) 204(10) 204(11) 204(12) for soil erosion... Section 205.-OVERHAUL Pay unit Lump sum Linear foot Pound Square yard Cubic yard Ton 1,000 square foot unit Description 205.01 Overhaul shall consist of authorized hauling in excess of the free-haul distance. Free-haul distance is the specified distance that excavated material shall be hauled without additional compensation. Unless otherwise provided in the contract documents, the free-haul distance shall be 2,000 feet. Method of Measurement 205.02 In determining what constitutes authorized overhaul, it will be assumed that material taken from excavation will be deposited in embankments after having been hauled the shortest distance. The overhaul distance for material obtained within the roadway limits and placed within the roadway limits will be measured along the centerline of the roadway. No allowance will be made for transverse or lateral movement to or from the centerline except materials moved |