HONOLULU HARBOR AND BARBERS POINT HARBOR, OAHU, HAWAII

Colonel PRESTON. The next project, Mr. Chairman, is the Honolulu Harbor and Barbers Point Harbor, Oahu, in the State of Hawaii, which can be found on page 37 of the Senate report.

Honolulu Harbor and Barbers Point lie on the south coast of the island of Oahu, Hawaii. Barbers Point is 16 miles due west of Honolulu.

The existing harbors at Honolulu and Barbers Point are inadequate in size for the larger vessels and barges which could use these harbors if depths and channel widths were increased.

The Chief of Engineers recommends deepening and widening of these harbors, together with associated improvements, at a Federal cost of $9,928,000, subject to certain items of local cooperation including a cash contribution presently estimated to total $283,000. Local interests have indicated willingness and ability to cooperate. The benefit-to-cost ratio is 3.2.

The State of Hawaii and Federal agencies concerned favor the project, and the Bureau of the Budget has no objection to submission of the report to Congress.

(The statement of American Merchant Marine Institute, Inc., follows:)

STATEMENT OF AMERICAN MERCHANT MARINE INSTITUTE, INC.

The Chief of Engineers, upon the recommendation of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, Department of the Army, has recommended the following improvements as set forth in House Document 93 (89th Cong.):

Honolulu Harbor.-That the existing project be modified to provide for (1) deepening the seaward 3,600 feet of the Fort Armstrong Channel to 45 feet; (2) removing a narrow strip from the northeast corner of Sand Island; (3) deepening the main harbor basin and Kapalama Channel to 40 feet; (4) relocating the project lines to provide a width of 560 feet and a 100-foot offset from pierheads and bulkheads on each side of the channel for 3,100 feet in Kapalama Channel; and (5) an offset of 50 to 75 feet in all other interior project areas.

Barbers Point. That a new deep-draft harbor be provided at this location consisting of (1) an entrance channel 42 feet deep, 450 feet wide, and 3,100 feet long; (2) an inshore basin 38 feet deep over approximately 46 acres. except that the project limits shall be offset at least 75 feet from pierheads and bulkheads; (3) a breakwater, if required, on the north side of the entrance channel; and (4) 1,320 linear feet of wave absorber structures along the inner shore of the basin.

The estimated cost to the Federal Government of the above improvements is $9,928,000. The benefit-cost ratio computed for the improvement of Honolulu Harbor is 5.9 to 1 and for Barbers Point Harbor 1.7 to 1.

In view of the progressive industrial development of the areas that would be served by the above improvements and the steadily increasing volume of commerce entering and leaving these areas, the institute, in October 1963, went on record with the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors as strongly supporting the recommended improvements. We urge the authorization of these improvements in the 1965 River and Harbor Act.

Mr. JONES. The next project.

KAWAIHAE HARBOR, HAWAII

Colonel PRESTON. The next project, Mr. Chairman, is the Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii, which can be found on page 43 of the Senate report. Kawaihea Harbor is about 150 nautical miles southeast of Hono

lulu, on the island of Oahu in Hawaii. The existing project is inadequate for the vessels which now use the harbor. Present users vessels are 140 feet longer than those for which the project was designed.

The Chief of Engineers recommends widening the entrance channel and harbor basin, lengthening the harbor by a miximum of 500 feet, extending the present breakwater by 750 feet and providing a wave absorber and small boat harbor at a Federal cost of $2,291,000 subject to certain items of local cooperation, including a cash contribution totaling an estimated $40,000. Local interests have indicated willingness and ability to cooperate. The benefit-to-cost ratio is 2.7

to 1.

The State of Hawaii and Federal agencies concerned favor the project and the Bureau of the Budget has no objection to the submission of the report to Congress.

Mr. JONES. Next project.

HALEIWA BEACH, OAHU, HAWAII

Colonel PRESTON. The next project, Mr. Chairman, is Haleiwa Beach, Oahu, Hawaii, which can be found on page 78 of the Senate. report.

Haleiwa Beach is on the northwest coast of the island of Oahu, 31 miles northwest of Honolulu. Haleiwa Beach has been gradually deteriorating.

The Chief of Engineers recommends restoration and protection of the shore by placement of beach fill, construction of a breakwater and a groin, at a Federal cost of $572,400, subject to certain items of local cooperation. Local interests have indicated a willingness and ability to cooperate.

The benefit-to-cost ratio is 3.8 to 1.

The State of Hawaii and Federal agencies concerned favor the project and the Bureau of the Budget has no objection to submission of the report to Congress.

Mr. JONES. Next project.

WAIKIKI BEACH, ОAHU, HAWAII

Colonel PRESTON. Mr. Chairman, the next project is Waikiki Beach, Oahu, Hawaii, which can be found on page 81 of the Senate report.

This project involves restoration and protection of the shore of Waikiki Beach, on the south shore of the island of Oahu, Hawaii. Existing projects for retaining the sand fill have proved inadequate, and what was once one continuous shore has deteriorated, leaving usable beach at scattered locations.

The Chief of Engineers recommends beach fill to widen the beach to widths of 75 to 180 feet, construction of eight new groins and modification of three existing groins at a Federal cost of $2,490,000, subject to certain items of local cooperation including a contribution of $1,310,000 in funds or equivalent work. Local interests have indicated a willingness and ability to cooperate.

The benefit-to-cost ratio is 17.9 to 1.

The State of Hawaii and Federal agencies concerned favor the the project and the Bureau of the Budget has no objection to submission of the report to Congress.

(The statements of Congressman Spark M. Matsunaga, Patsy T. Mink, and Senator Hiram L. Fong, follow :)

STATEMENT OF HON. SPARK M. MATSUNAGA, MEMBER OF CONGRESS FROM HAWAII

Mr. Chairman and members of the subcommittee, I thank you for this opportunity of appearing before you and expressing my views with respect to certain projects in Hawaii which fall within the purview of the omnibus river and harbor and flood control bill, now under consideration by this subcommittee. The projects which have been recommended by the Corps of Engineers for the State of Hawaii are vitally needed to encourage our continued economic growth and to protect our physical resources. I urge that early favorable consideration be given to all of them.

The Hawaii projects fall into three general categories. The first category includes work that is proposed in connection with four harbors, the second provides for the control of erosion at and the improvement of two of our famous beaches, and the third relates to the construction of eight small-boat facilities. The Corps of Engineers has presented a detailed technical analysis of each project. It is also my understanding that the Corps of Engineers has submitted a favorable report on all of these projects. I would like to describe briefly each of these recommended projects and point to the urgency for their early authorization.

Honolulu Harbor, on the south coast of the island of Oahu, is the largest civil port in the State of Hawaii. It is also the only deepwater harbor on Oahu, but its existing dimensions are inadequate for the larger vessels. The Chief of Engineers has therefore recomended that the existing Federal project for navigation at Honolulu Harbor be modified to provide for the deepening of the channels and main harbor basin by an additional 5 feet. The estmiated cost to the United States to do this is $2,224,000.

Honolulu Harbor is destined to play an increasingly important role in international trade. We know, for instance, that the recent granting of a foreign trade zone charter to Hawaii by the U.S. Department of Commerce will mean that more and larger vessels will be calling in the State. It is imperative, therefore, that the facilities at Honolulu Harbor be made adequate to accommodate the kind of shipping that is anticipated with the commercial growth of our Island State.

The second harbor project recommended by the Chief of Engineers is one which calls for a new deep-draft harbor at Barbers Point, on the island of Oahu. There is at present no Federal navigation project at Barbers Point, which is situated about 16 miles due west of Honolulu Harbor. The existing privately developed barge harbor is inadequate for the area's growing commerce which is generated by such new industries as an oil refinery, a small steel plant, glass factories, and plastic industries.

The estimated cost to the United States of the Barbers Point Harbor construc tion project is $7,643,000. In addition, it is proposed that a small-boat harbor, with a capacity of about 300 boats, he built adjacent to the Barbers Point deepdraft harbor to meet the needs of the people in this area. The estimated cost of the small-boat harbor is $61,000.

The third recommended harbor project is at Honokahau Bay, situated on the west coast of the island of Hawaii, the largest and most southeasterly of the Hawaiian Islands. There is a need at this site for a protected harbor for recreational and commercial fishing craft. We have no existing project at Honokahau Bay.

The estimated initial cost of this project is $1,256,000. In addition, Federal cost of navigation aids is estimated at $68,000.

Another harbor project, also on the island of Hawaii, is the proposed enlarging and dredging of Kawaihae Harbor, situated on the northwest coast of the island of Hawaii, about 150 nautical miles from Honolulu Harbor. The Federal share of the cost of construction is estimated at $2,291,000.

I wish to add that both the Honokahau Harbor project and the Kawaihae Harbor project, while needed for navigation purposes, will also provide a much

needed boost to the local economy, for the Kona coast which includes Honokahau Bay and Kawaihae Harbor is one of the most depressed areas in the State of Hawaii.

Two beach improvement projects make up the second major category of projects recommended by the Corps of Engineers. The first of these beach projects involves the world famous Waikiki Beach, located in Honolulu on the south shore of the island of Oahu.

Waikiki Beach is the principal recreation center for city residents and tourists alike. And I might add that the tourist season is actually yearlong because of Hawaii's wonderful climate. The tourist trade, as you know, constitutes a major factor in the economy of the State of Hawaii.

Where we once had a continuous broad stretch of fine beach at Waikiki, we now have a usable beach only in scattered locations. The recommended improvement consists of the restoration and protection of the shore of Waikiki Beach by artificial placement of sand along the shoreline to widths of 75 to 180 feet, construction of eight new groins and appurtenant drainage facilities, and modification of three existing groins, all at a total estimated cost of $2,490,000 to the Federal Government.

The second beach project is at Haleiwa, on the northwest coast of the island of Oahu, about 31 miles northwest of Honolulu. This beach is used to some degree by residents of the entire island of Oahu, which has a population of over 500,000. Deterioration of Haleiwa Beach has been gradual but progressive since 1950. This has been the result of a reduction in the supply of littoral material.

The recommended improvement, to be accomplished at an estimated cost of $954,000 to the Federal Government, consists of the restoration and protection of the shore of Haleiwa Beach by artificial placement of beach fill and construction of an offshore breakwater and a groin.

The third and final category of recommended projects consists of eight smallboat harbors to be constructed on the four major islands. The specific sites for these small-boat harbors are: Hamalei Bay, on the island of Kauai; Maunalua Ray, Kailua, Heeia-Kea, and Waianae, on the island of Oahu; Lahaina and Hana, on the island of Maui; and Reeds Bay (Hilo), on the island of Hawaii.

There are presently no Federal navigation improvements in Hawaii specifically for the use of small boats. The thousands of light-draft vessels in Hawaii are in urgent need of safe accommodations to avoid storm damages. The safety of the people who man these boats are, of course, involved too.

Commercial fishing is one of the major industries in Hawaii. It serves as a livelihood for a great many people and represents a tremendous investment. The present lack of safe harbors for refuge has given rise to excessive insurance rates and the confining of fishing activities to areas within easy reach of existing limited harbors.

The net Federal cost to construct these eight harbors for light-draft vessels is about $4,737,000.

Mr. Chairman, it is my understanding that all of the projects I have mentioned are favored by the State of Hawaii and the Federal agencies involved. Each of the recommended projects has a high benefit-cost ratio, and will contribute materially to the continued economic growth and well-being of our island State. I strongly urge, therefore, that this subcommittee give favorable consideration to the authorization request for these projects which have been recommended by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

Thank you.

STATEMENT OF HON. PATSY T. MINK, MEMBER OF CONGRESS FROM HAWAII

Honorable chairmen and members of the Flood Control and Rivers and Harbors Subcommittees, may I express my appreciation for this opportunity to appear before you in support of the five navigation projects contained in the omnibus rivers and harbors bill of 1965. I also wish to record my support of the proposal contained in the bill to authorize a flood control investigation in the KaneoheKailua area of Oahu.

Specifically, the bill would authorize the construction of six navigational projects at a cost to the Federal Government of $20,698,400. The projects are: Coasts of the Hawaiian Islands (eight small-boat harbors), $4,737,000; Haleiwa Beach restoration and protection, $572,400; Honokahau Harbor (construction of a light-draft harbor), $680,000; Honolulu Harbor-Barber's Point Harbor, includ

ing improvements to the first and construction of the second, $9,928,000; Kawaihae Harbor improvement, $2,291,000, and Waikiki Beach restoration and protection, $2,490,000.

Prior studies have demonstrated conclusively the economic necessity of these projects and the advantages in terms of increased protection of life and property and economic growth inherent in these projects.

The coasts of the Hawaiian Islands project would provide for 8 small-boat harbors with a capacity of 4,300 boats. These harbors on the coasts of the four largest islands in the Hawaiian chain are part of a statewide plan for improvement of facilities for recreational and commercial fishing that are considered necessary for the continued well-being of our tourist industry, our economy in general, and the recreational needs of the residents of the State of Hawaii.

Although Hawaii, situated in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, is a boating paradise, the rapid growth of our resident population and of our tourist industry has severely strained facilities for the mooring and harboring of small boats. As a result, storm damage is considerable each year to small boats and the growth of boating as a recreation is stunted for lack of safe harbors. In addition, construction of these harbors would reduce the hazards of boating in the islands by making harbors quickly available in case of emergency.

The Haleiwa Beach project would restore and protect what once was one of the major scenic attractions on the island of Oahu. This beach, until 1950, was a major point of recreational interest on the island, which is the home island of Honolulu, and still draws visitors from all over the island.

However, erosion has steadily whittled away the beach and adjacent park areas since the early 1950's, with damage being so bad that an adjoining road also has suffered. This road is a major artery to parts of the island from Honolulu.

It is estimated that reconstruction of the beach, with safeguards against future erosion, would open it to the use of some 427,000 people annually, fostering economic growth of the area as a resort. Among those who use it now, and who are expected to use it more heavily if restored, are thousands of military men and their families who are stationed at nearby Army, Navy, and Air Force installations.

The Honokahau Harbor construction project on the island of Hawaii also grew out of the survey which produced the coasts of the Hawaiian Islands project. It is especially significant, however, because it would provide the only sheltered light-draft harbor on the west coast of that island. Although the sport fishing in the area is spectacular, and draws sport fishermen in increasing numbers very year, and although the waters are ideal for boating, lack of an allweather anchorage has severely restricted the boat population in the Kona district.

Lack of a safe harbor has resulted in storm damages estimated at $22,000 per year for the last 7 years in the area. Construction of the harbor is expected to boost the ratio of boats from the present 17 per 1,000 persons to 60 per 1,000 by the year 2010. This will have a significant impact on the economy of the area, which has relied increasingly on tourism as a major occupation in recent years.

The Honolulu Harbor-Barber's Point Harbor project is of basic and vital importance to the continued economic well-being of the entire State of Hawaii. Virtually all of the necessities of life for Hawaii's population arrive in the State through Honolulu Harbor at the present time. As the size of that population, and of the ships serving Hawaii, have grown, the facilities previously erected in Honolulu have become cramped and insufficient. I need only quote from a Corps of Engineers finding to make my point. The Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, in its report of May 4, 1964, noted, and I quote: "While there have been no serious accidents resulting directly from present project depths or widths, the increases both in number of vessel calls per year and in vessel dimensions may soon significantly increase the hazards of navigation at Honolulu Harbor."

The proposed improvements would do more than merely improve navigation, however. At Honolulu itself, the harbor would be improved to take care of increased traffic that will come as a result of Hawaii's newly opened foreign trade zone there. At Barber's Point, the projected new harbor, besides relieving congestion in Honolulu Harbor, would foster growth of a new industrial area which