The requirements under each item for the fiscal year 1962 are set forth briefly in the order named. All fiscal year 1960 figures in the following items are based on work billed through February 28, 1961.

1. Congressional Record.—The proceedings of the Senate and House of Representatives are printed daily in the Congressional Record. Approximately 39,300 copies are printed daily and distributed as provided by law, and are charged to the appropriation for printing and binding for Congress. There also are printed daily about 5,000 additional copies which are delivered and charged to Government Departments on requisitions and to the Superintendent of Documents for sale to subscribers. After the close of each session, the daily proceedings are consolidated, indexed, and about 1,800 copies printed as the bound edition of the Record. The total cost to Congress of printing the daily edition and index of the Congressional Record in the fiscal year 1960 was $2,046,530 for 30,972 pages of the daily edition and 1,517 pages of the index. The bound edition which was ordered in the fiscal year 1960 and is still in production is estimated at $510,000. This will bring the total estimated requirement for this item to $2,556,530 for the fiscal year 1960. The estimate submitted for the fiscal year 1961 was $1,800,000 for approximately 22,000 pages. It is estimated there will be 22,000 pages in the fiscal year 1962 and the cost will be $1,800,000.

2. Miscellaneous publications.-This item includes printed matter such as the Congressional Directory, Senate and House Journals, memorial addresses, nominations, U.S. Code and supplements, and publications not carrying a document or report number, such as laws, treaties, committee prints, and similar publications.

The expenditures for miscellaneous publications for the fiscal year 1960 were $1,759,657 for 4,950,699 copies, making 94,174 pages and included all work billed through February 28, 1961. It has been estimated that the incompleted orders will amount to $442,785. This will bring the requirement for this item to $2,202,442 for the fiscal year 1960. The amount estimated for the fiscal year 1961 was $1,350,000 for approximately 90,000 pages. It is estimated that $1,350,000 will be required in the fiscal year 1962 for approximately 90,000 pages.

3. Miscellaneous printing and binding.-This item includes letterheads, envelopes, blank paper, copy paper, notices, tags, labels, payrolls, blank books, stenographic notebooks, tablets, wall calendars, miscellaneous blank forms, and binding for both Houses.

The expenditures through February 28, 1961, for miscellaneous printing and binding amounted to $1,284,449 for the fiscal year 1960 for 54,153,932 separate pieces. Incompleted orders estimated at $220 will increase this item to $1,284,669 for the fiscal year 1960. The estimate for the fiscal year 1961 was $1,050,000 for approximately 50,000,000 separate pieces. The estimate for the fiscal year 1962 is $1,050,000 for about 50,000,000 pieces.

4. Publications for international exchange and the Library of Congress.—As provided by law, the Library of Congress is supplied with not to exceed 150 copies of Government publications, including the daily and bound editions of the Congressional Record and certain other congressional publications of which not to exceed 125 copies shall be for distribution through the Smithsonian Institution, to such governments as may agree to send similar publications of their governments to the United States.

The charges through February 28, 1961, for these publications for the fiscal year 1960 orders amounted to $96,977 for 1,171,267 copies. It has been estimated that $24.488 will be required for the remaining oustanding orders resulting in an estimated requirement of $121,465 for the fiscal year 1960. The estimate for the fiscal year 1961 was $100,000 for 900,000 copies. It is estimated that $100,000 will be needed for about 900,000 copies in the fiscal year 1962.

5. Franked envelopes and document franks.—Franked envelopes for mailing speeches and documents are furnished to Senators and Representatives, who are also furnished with franks for mailing documents, printed singly or in sheets with perforations at the option of the Member.

The expenditures for franked envelopes and document franks in the fiscal year 1960 amounted to $299,219 for 67,299,880 envelopes and 4,055,200 franks. Outstanding orders estimated at $195 will result in a total requirement of $299,414 for this class of work for fiscal year 1960. It was estimated that $230,000 would be required in the fiscal year 1961 to print approximately 50 million envelopes and 3 million franks. It is estimated that $230,000 will be needed in the fiscal year 1962 for approximately 50 million envelopes and 3 million franks.

6. House and Senate Committee calendars.

This heading covers the printing of all House and Senate committee calendars which list the action of the various committees on pending and completed legislation.

The expenditures for all House and Senate committee calendars for the fiscal year 1960 were $597,537 for 65,264 pages. Outstanding orders estimated at $85 will bring the total requirement to $597,622 for fiscal year 1960. The estimate for the cost of these calendars in the fiscal year 1961 was $500,000 for approximately 50,000 pages. It is estimated that $500,000 will be required in the fiscal year 1962 for approximately 50,000 pages.

7. Bills, resolutions, and amendments. This heading covers the printing of bills, resolutions, and amendments in all forms, including the prints as introduced, referred, reported, and as finally passed.

The expenditures through February 28, 1961, for bills, resolutions, and amendments in the fiscal year 1960 amounted to $995,824 for 101,884 pages. Outstanding orders estimated at $16.535 will result in a total requirement of $1,012,359 for this class of work for the fiscal year 1960. The estimate submitted for the fiscal year 1961 was $900,000 for about 100,000 pages. The estimate for the fiscal year 1962 is $900,000 for approximately 100,000 pages.

8. Committee reports.-This item covers printed reports of congressional committees on pending legislation.

The expenditures through February 28, 1961, for printing committee reports ordered in the fiscal year 1960 were $568,751 for 34,413 pages. Additional orders estimated at $5,150 will bring the total requirement for this class of work to $573,901 for fiscal year 1960. It was estimated that $450,000 would be needed for approximately 30,000 pages in the fiscal year 1961. It is estimated that $450,000 will be needed for about 30,000 pages in the fiscal year 1962.

9. Documents. This heading includes all classes of Senate and House documents ordered printed by Congress which carry a congressional number, such as annual reports, engineers' reports, special reports made by Government departments in response to resolutions, supplemental and deficiency estimates of appropriations, etc.

The expenditures through February 28, 1961, for House and Senate documents ordered in the fiscal year 1960 amounted to $325,036 for 16,123 pages. It has been estimated that $365,316 will be required for this item, including $40,280 for the incompleted orders for the fiscal year 1960. The estimate for the fiscal year 1961 was $300,000 for about 14,000 pages. The estimate for the fiscal year 1962 is $300,000 for about 14,000 pages.

10. Hearings.-This item covers all hearings before congressional committees. The expenditures for hearings in the fiscal year 1960 through February 28, 1961 were $3,005,284 for 199,523 pages. Outstanding orders have been estimated at $482,638, resulting in a total requirement of $3,487,922 for this class of work for the fiscal year 1960. The estimate for the fiscal year 1961 was $2,365,000 for approximately 175,000 pages. The estimate for the fiscal year 1962 is $2,365,000 for about 175,000 pages.

11. Federal Register, including the U.S. Government Organization Manual and the Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States.-The Archivist of the United States and the Public Printer are charged with the printing and distribution, in a serial publication titled "Federal Register" of documents authorized to be published under the act of July 26, 1935, and the act of June 11, 1946. Funds to cover the cost of printing this publication are provided for in the appropriation for congressional printing and binding. The National Archives and Records Service has been authorized (13 F.R. 5935; 1 CFR part 3) to handle the U.S. Government Organization Manual as a special edition of the Federal Register. On November 6, 1957, the National Archives and Records Service was authorized (22 F.R. 8895; 1 CFR part 4) to begin printing as a special edition of the Federal Register the Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States starting with the calendar year 1957. The cost of printing the U.S. Government Organization Manual and the Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States is charged to the cost of printing the Federal Register (sec. 6, 49 Stat. 501; 44 U.S.C. 306).

The expenditures for the Federal Register, the U.S. Government Organization Manual, and the Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States for all work ordered in the fiscal year 1960 amounted to $633,823 for 16,435 pages, including $14.912 for 817 pages of the U.S. Government Organization Manual and $57,787 for 3,214 pages in three editions of the Public Papers of the Presidents. Outstanding orders estimated at $770 will bring the total requirement

for this class of work to $634,593 for fiscal year 1960. It was estimated that $625,000 would be sufficient to cover the cost of approximately 12,500 pages of the Federal Register and for printing the U.S. Government Organization Manual and the Public Papers of the Presidents in the fiscal year 1961. It is estimated that $625,000 will be required in the fiscal year 1962 for printing an estimated 13,500 pages of the Federal Register and for printing the U.S. Government Organization Manual and the Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States as supplemental editions of the Federal Register.

12. Supplements to Code of Federal Regulations.-The cost of printing the Supplements to the Code of Federal Regulations amounted to $263,467 for 22,492 pagés ordered in the fiscal year 1960. Additional requirements estimated at $300 will bring the total for this class of work to $263,767 for fiscal year 1960. It was estimated that $330,000 would be sufficient for printing 22,000 pages of the supplements during the fiscal year 1961. It is estimated that $330,000 will be required to print 25,250 pages of the supplements during the fiscal year 1962. Mr. STEED. Mr. Harrison, if you wish to make any additional comment in relation to the appropriation estimates, you may do so at this time.

Mr. HARRISON. Congressman, I believe the comments I made in my prepared statement pretty generally cover the summary which I have submitted.

100TH ANNIVERSARY OF GPO

Mr. STEED. On the matter of your 100th anniversary celebration, I think that is quite an important occasion. I wonder if you could pinpoint the timing of it for us. Do you have any specific dates when you have any special things arranged?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes, sir. We are preparing and you will receive notice of a dinner in which the Allied Printing Industries of Washington, and in fact nationally, are participating. That date is

June 27.

We are now in the process of planning an exhibit which will be in Harding Hall. We are also trying to clean up Harding Hall a little bit so it will be a little more acceptable. That will be ready at least by that time and perhaps before and then we will keep that display for the balance of the year. It will be in the back end of Harding Hall out of the way so that we can keep it. It will show as nearly as we can the progress of the Government Printing Office in the 100 years.

We are also preparing a history of the Government Printing Office that is in page proof now, which tells pretty clearly what has happened since the beginning of the Printing Office. That was a job that the Joint Committee on Printing authorized last fall sometime. The page proof will be submitted to the Joint Committee on Printing before we go to press on it.

STREAMLINING OF OPERATIONS

Mr. STEED. On page 2 of your statement you refer to your plan to streamline your operations. Can you give us a little more in detail what you have in mind?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes, sir; I think so.

The trend in printing equipment, for instance, has been in offset over the years, as you probably have heard said. It is a much faster and cheaper way to do printing, and in fact in many instances it is equally as good as the letterpress. In the offset field the trend is be

ginning to move to web-fed offset presses. Instead of being fed a sheet at a time, it is fed in a roll, constantly. We have on order two large web-fed offset presses which will certainly streamline our offset department. We have room for two more of those presses.

To give you an example of what we mean by streamlining, these two web-fed offset presses will take the place of five sheet-fed presses, which reduces our manpower requirements and speeds up production because they are so much faster. The Congressional Record is printed on web-fed letterpresses. On sheet-fed presses the speed is limited by the speed of the feeder of the paper into the machine. You can only feed those sheets so fast or you get a wrinkle and sometimes your blanket is ruined and you have to stop the press and start over again. In our bindery we are planning some streamlined steps. The printing equipment manufacturing industry, after sleeping for 50 years, about 10 years ago came to life. I have said many times in speaking to various organizations that the printing equipment manufacturers have advanced further in the last 10 years in modernizing the equipment they produce than they did in the previous 50 years. It is difficult to keep up with them. One of the biggest jobs I had when I was with the Joint Committee on Printing was to keep up with the printing equipment manufacturers and the changes. Every time we brought a particular type of equipment under control the manufacturer would improve the machine, speed it up. It is fantastic what they are doing. And that is equally true in the bindery field. There are a number of very advanced pieces of equipment in the bindery field which we want to take advantage of. We feel when you can put in one piece of equipment to take the place of two or three pieces of equipment, it does not take very long to pay for that equipment, because the manpower is the big investment in a plant.

Mr. STEED. In the field of typesetting, on any of your machines are you using the tape-fed machine instead of the operator-fed machines?

Mr. HARRISON. In our monotype sections they are fed by tape. The keyboard operator punches the tape and it goes to another machine that casts the type. Our cold type composition setup in the departmental office uses the varityper and cold type machine. But that is primarily for verifying both edges.

Mr. STEED. In the use of tape on linotypes, it is mostly limited to straight production?

Mr. HARRISON. In our Office, linotypes do not use tape. That is a keyboard matter where the man sets his type and raises a lever. On the monotype the material is punched on a roll of tape and it is put on another machine that casts the type.

Mr. STEED. A lot of the smaller newspapers are using the tape, more all the time.

Mr. HARRISON. Yes.

CONTINGENCY RESERVE FOR SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS

Mr. STEED. In regard to the proposed contingency reserve for the Superintendent of Documents, do you believe that is the best solution to meet that unpredictable problem they have?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes, I honestly do. I have tried, and when I was with the Joint Committee on Printing we tried, to arrive at some

other suggestion, but it is so utterly impossible to tell what will happen with the Superintendent of Documents. He will send out a catalog with a number of publications and maybe will have just a fair response; and a month later he will send one out and will be flooded. It is amazing how that happens. So rather than ask for direct appropriations for what might happen we thought it would be better to ask for this reserve and have it tightly under the thumb of the Public Printer so that it could only be used when absolutely neces

sary.

Mr. STEED. You think there will be adequate safeguards against

misuse?

Mr. HARRISON. Oh, yes.

Mr. HORAN. Off the record. (Discussion off the record.)

GPO PRICES

Mr. STEED. We have heard in times past, and I am sure you have too, complaints from some of the departments about the prices you charge. Sometimes they contend they could do better if they were permitted to contract outside. Do you have any comments you would like to make on the general subject of prices?

Mr. HARRISON. Yes. I can go back 12 years ago on that. When I first came with the Joint Committee on Printing this particular thing came up, that the Government Printing Office was charging more than the departments could do it for themselves if they had the equipment, and it concerned me quite a bit. So I went into this thoroughly in a number of cases, and what we found out was that they simply were not showing their cost. They were showing only the cost of paper and ink. There is much more that goes in printing than paper and ink. Under the law the Government Printing Office has to break even, they cannot suffer a loss; but at the same time they should not make a lot of money. After a number of years of running down complaints of this sort it completely disappeared from the Joint Committee on Printing. We had no more complaints about it.

DISTRIBUTION OF PRINTING WORK

Mr. STEED. Have you ever made a check or survey to determine about how much printing the Government departments do on their own without sending it to you? I know some departments have printing offices of their own. How extensive is that?

Mr. HARRISON. This is quoting from a staff report which I submitted to the Joint Committee on Printing for 1960, and I have a number of these and will be glad to give you one for the record if you like. Mr. STEED. We would like to have it.

(The report referred to follows:)

GOVERNMENT PRINTING AND BINDING FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 1960

During the fiscal year 1960, the staff processed 1,185 requests from the executive and judicial branches of the Government. Of these requests, 466 were approved for equipment purchases which totaled $5,092,541, of which 269 requests, totaling $2,535,075, covered equipment necessary to replace unserviceable items, and 197 requests, totaling $2,557,466, covered additional equipment necessary because of increased production ; 9 requests for purchases were disapproved;