1874 Max Lenz (König Sigismund und Heinrich V., p. 14) showed that the chaplain was Thomas of Elmham, a conclusion confirmed by J. H. Wylie (The Agincourt 'Chaplain,' in the Athenæum, Aug. 23, 1902, p. 254), and accepted by C. L. Kingsford (The Early Biographies of Henry V., in the English Historical Review, 1910, xxv. 60). The author, who probably wrote in 1416, was an eye-witness of many of the events which he describes; and he gives a detailed account of the siege of Harfleur and the battle of Agincourt. He is the best authority for the first four years of Henry V.'s reign. Williams, pp. 167-262, also prints the Chronique de Normandie, 1414-22, by Georges Chastelain (d. 1475), with an English translation. It gives a good account of Henry V.'s residence in Paris. 1790. HERD, JOHN (d. 1588). Historia quattuor regum Angliæ [1460-1509], ed. Thomas Purnell. Roxburghe Club. London, 1868. A metrical chronicle derived mainly from Hall and Vergil (Nos. 1786, 1854). 1791. HEXHAM, JOHN OF (d. circa 1209). Historia Johannis prioris Hagustaldensis ecclesiæ xxv. annorum [1130-54], ed. Thomas Arnold, Symeonis Monachi Opera, ii. 284-332. Rolls Series. London, 1885.-Other editions: in Twysden's Scriptores X., 257-82, London, 1652; by James Raine, Priory of Hexham, i. 107-72, Surtees Soc., Durham, etc., 1864.-Extracts, ed. Liebermann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxvii. 14-16. Hanover, 1885. Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, iv. pt. i. 3-32: The chronicle of John, prior of Hexham. London, 1856. This continuation of Simeon's Historia Regum (No. 1767) relates mainly to the affairs of northern England, and was probably compiled late in the reign of Henry II. It contains some original information. John seems to have succeeded Richard (No. 1792) as prior of Hexham. 1792. HEXHAM, RICHARD OF. Historia de gestis regis Stephani et de bello de standardo [1135-39], ed. Richard Howlett, Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II., and Richard I., iii. 139-78. Rolls Series. London, 1886.-Other editions: in Twysden's Scriptores X., 309-30, London, 1652; by James Raine, Priory of Hexham, i. 63-106, Surtees Soc., Durham, etc., 1864.— Extract, ed. Liebermann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxvii. 11-14. Hanover, 1885.--Translated by Joseph Stevenson, Church Historians of England, iv. pt. i. 35-58: The acts of king Stephen and the battle of the standard. London, 1856. A valuable contemporary narrative, written before 1154, which is occupied mainly with the invasions of the Scots under King David. It gives much information not found elsewhere. Richard was elected prior of Hexham in 1141, and seems to have died between 1160 and 1178. For his history of the church of Hexham, see No. 2560. 1793. HIGDEN, Ranulf (d. 1364). Polychronicon [from the creation to 1352], with the English translations of John Trevisa and an unknown writer of the fifteenth century. Vols. i.-ii., ed. Churchill Babington; vols. iii.-ix., ed. J. R. Lumby. Rolls Series. 9 vols. London, 1865-86.-Another edition of the parts relating to Great Britain, in Gale's Scriptores XV., 179-287. Oxford, 1691. This' chronicle of many ages' was the standard work on general history during the 14th and 15th centuries. It is in large part a compilation: Higden names about forty writers who are his authorities. Bk. i. is geographical it describes the various countries of the earth. The other six books comprise a universal history. Only a portion of the last book is contemporary, and even that portion does not contain much original information. The real interest of the Polychronicon lies in the view it affords of the historical, geographic, and scientific knowledge of the age in which it appeared': Gairdner, Early Chroniclers, 279. In many MSS. Higden's work closes in 1342 or 1344. A few MSS. of an earlier edition end in 1327. Trevisa's translation was made in 1387; it was printed by Caxton (with the latter's continuation to 1460) in 1482; reprinted, 1495 and 1527. Another translation, made between 1432 and 1450, continues the narrative to 1401. The Rolls Series edition, viii. 355-406, ix. 1-283, contains a Latin continuation of the Polychronicon to 1394, attributed to John Malverne, a monk of Worcester (d. circa 1415). It is, however, shown in J. A. Robinson's paper on An Unrecognized Westminster Chronicler, 1381-1394 (Proceedings of the British Academy, 1907, iii. 61-77) that Malverne wrote only to 1381, and that the rest of the chronicle was the work of a monk of Westminster. This latter continuation is one of the best authorities for the period that it covers, as Malverne's is for the reigns of Edward III. and Richard II. Besides the Malverne and Westminster continuations, there are others, of which the most common is that printed in the Rolls Series edition, viii. 407-28. See also Adam of Usk's Chronicon (No. 1853). Higden was a monk of St. Werburgh's abbey, Chester. 1794. Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal, comte de Striguil et de Pembroke, régent d'Angleterre [circa 1140-1219], ed. Paul Meyer. 3 vols. Société de l'Histoire de France. Paris, 1891-1901. The author of this valuable Anglo-French poem wrote in England about 1225. Gaston Paris (Littérature Française, 136) calls it 'un des documents les plus importants qui nous soient parvenus non seulement sur l'histoire, mais sur les mœurs, etc., du xiie et du xiiie siècle.' See also Paul Meyer, L'Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal, in Romania, 1882, xi. 22–74; T. F. Tout, The Fair [Battle] of Lincoln and the 'Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal,' in English Historical Review, 1903, xviii. 240-65; and Molinier, Sources, iii. no. 2271. 1795. Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d'Angleterre [from the first arrival of the Danes in Gaul to 1220], ed. Francisque Michel. Société de l'Histoire de France. Paris, 1840.-Portions, re-edited by Holder-Egger, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxvi. 699-717. Hanover, 1882.-See also Extrait d'une chronique française des rois de France par un anonyme de Béthune [to 1217], in Bouquet's Historiens de la France (No. 575), xxiv. 750-75. Paris, 1904. To 1199 the Histoire is an abridgment of William of Jumièges, with some additions. The part 1199-1220 was probably written by an eyewitness of the events narrated; it has a valuable account of the French invasion of England in 1216. On these two works, which are important sources for the reign of John, see Charles Petit-Dutaillis, L'Anonyme de Béthune, in Revue Historique, 1892, 1. 63–71. He shows that they are probably by the same author. Cf. Molinier, Sources, iii. nos. 2217-18. 1796. Historia (Anonymi) Eduardi Tertii [1326-77], ed. Thomas Hearne, Walteri Hemingford Historia de Rebus Gestis Eduardi I., etc., 387-452. Oxford, 1731. This seems to be in large part a compilation from the works of Higden and Murimuth. 1797. Historia vitæ et regni Ricardi II. [1377-1402] a monacho quodam de Evesham consignata, ed. Thomas Hearne. Oxford, 1729. Probably written at Evesham in the first quarter of the 15th century. Follows Walsingham to 1390, but then seems to become an independent authority, and gives a valuable account of the parliament of 1397. The author is hostile to Richard II. See George Kriehn, The Monk of Evesham's Chronicle, in American Historical Review, 1902, vii. 268–74. 1798. Historiæ Croylandensis continuatio [three continuations of 'Ingulf,' 1149-1486], ed. William Fulman, Rerum Anglicarum Scriptores, 451-593. Oxford, 1684.-Translated by H. T. Riley : Ingulf's Chronicle of the abbey of Croyland, with the continuations. Bohn's Antiquarian Library. London, 1854. Deals with the general history of England as well as with the affairs of the abbey. Valuable for the reigns of Henry VI., Edward IV., and Richard III. The writer of the part 1459-86 was contemporary with the transactions which he relates, and seems to have been in the confidence of Edward IV. His tone is friendly to that king, but hostile to Richard III. For Ingulf, the continuation ascribed to Peter of Blois, etc., see No. 1371. 1799. Historie of the arrivall of Edward IV. in England and the final recoverye of his kingdomes from Henry VI., A.D. 1471, ed. John Bruce. Camden Soc. London, 1838. pp. 52.Reprinted, with modernised orthography, in Chronicles of the White Rose of York (No. 1668), 31-96. London, 1845.-Contemporary French abridgment of the English text: La révolte du conte de Warwick contre le roi Edward IV., ed. J. A. Giles. Caxton Soc. London, 1849.-Another edition of the French text, by L. M. E. Dupont, Mémoires de Philippe de Commines, iii. 28193. Société de l'Histoire de France. Paris, 1847.-Translation of the French abridgment, by Edward Jerningham: Account of Edward IV.'s second invasion of England, 1471, drawn up by one of his followers. Soc. of Antiq. of London, Archæologia, xxi. II-23. London, 1827. The English narrative is an authorised relation put forth by the Yorkists themselves.' The writer calls himself 'a servant of the king that presently saw in effect a great part of his exploits.' The facts are accurately presented, although the writer was a Yorkist partisan. 1799a. History of Gruffydd ap Cynan: the Welsh text, with translation, introduction, and notes, ed. Arthur Jones. Manchester, 1910. Written, probably in Latin, in the reign of Henry II. Important for the history of Wales and the English border down to 1137. For earlier versions, see Jones's introduction, and T. F. Tout's article on Gruffydd in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1890, xxiii. 301-4. 1800. *HOVEDEN, or HOWDEN, ROGER OF (d. after 1201). — Chronica Rogeri de Houedene [A.D. 732-1201], ed. William Stubbs. Rolls Series. 4 vols. London, 1868-71.-Another edition, in Savile's Scriptores, 230-471. London, 1596; reprinted, Frankfort, 1601.-Extracts, ed. Liebermann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xxvii. 133-83. Hanover, 1885.-Translated by H. T. Riley: The annals of Roger de Hoveden. Antiquarian Library. 2 vols. London, 1853. Bohn's Probably written after 1192. The first part, A.D. 732-1148, is copied from the Historia post Bedam, a compilation (still extant in manuscript) made at Durham between 1148 and 1161, which is based on Simeon of Durham and Henry of Huntingdon. The second part, 1148-69, is a meagre compilation taken from the Chronicle of Melrose, the lives and letters of Becket, etc. The third portion, 1169-92, is the chronicle ascribed to Benedict of Peterborough, re-edited, with the addition of some important documents. The fourth part, 1192-1201, is Hoveden's original work, a valuable contemporary history, enriched with an abundance of documents. For a continuation, see No. 1761. Hoveden, probably a native of Howden, Yorkshire, was in attendance on Henry II. in France in 1174, and he was a justice itinerant of the forests in 1189. He had access to the public records, and held intercourse with the leading men of the time. 1801. HUNTINGDON, HENRY OF (d. circa 1155). Historia Anglorum, B.C. 55-A.D. 1154, ed. Thomas Arnold. Rolls Series. London, 1879.-Other editions: in Savile's Scriptores, 169-229, London, 1596 (reprinted, Frankfort, 1601); in Migne's Patrologia, cxcv. 799-978, Paris, 1855; to A.D. 1066, in Petrie's Monumenta, 689-763, London, 1848.-Extracts, 768-1154, ed. Liebermann, in Pertz's Scriptores (No. 594), xiii. 148-54. Hanover, 1881.Translated by Thomas Forester: The chronicle of Henry of Huntingdon. Bohn's Antiquarian Library. London, 1853. Five recensions appeared between 1130 and 1154. The author's main sources of information to about 1126 are Bede and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. After that date he derives many of his statements from oral report, but he does not give us many new facts. It was long believed that his chronicle contained valuable material relating to Anglo-Saxon history based on old folk-songs. Liebermann has shown, however, that this view is untenable, and that some of the details presented in the Historia Anglorum which are not found elsewhere are figments of the imagination. Henry became archdeacon of Huntingdon about IIIO. See Felix Liebermann Heinrich von Huntingdon, in Forschungen zur Deutschen Geschichte, 1878, xviii. 265-95; and cf. Molinier, Sources, ii. no. 1988. 1802. 'ISLIP, SIMON' (d. 1366). Speculum regis Edwardi III., ed. Joseph Moisant, De Speculo Regis Edwardi III. seu tractatu quem de mala regni administratione conscripsit Simon Islip, cum utraque ejusdem recensione manuscripta nunc primum edita. Paris, 1891. The two recensions of the Speculum are printed in full on pp. 81-169. This tract is an ardent remonstrance addressed to Edward III. on the abuses of purveyance. It was written about 1330, but Islip was not the author. James Tait, in his paper On the Date and Authorship of the 'Speculum Regis Edwardi' (English Historical Review, 1901, xvi. 110-15), suggests that the real author may have been Simon Meopham, who was archbishop of Canterbury, 1327-33. Islip was archbishop of Canterbury, 1349–66. He had also been a member of the royal council and keeper of the privy seal. See Dictionary of National Biography, 1908, x. 511-14. 1803. Itinerarium peregrinorum et gesta regis Ricardi [1187– 99] auctore ut videtur Ricardo canonico S. Trinitatis Londoniensis, ed. William Stubbs, Chronicles and Memorials of the Reign of Richard I., vol. i. Rolls Series. London, 1864.-Another |