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1592. HADDAN, A. W. Remains of the late A. W. Haddan, ed. A. P. Forbes. Oxford, etc., 1876.

The churches of the British con

fession, 211-39.

Britons on the continent, 258-94.
The early English church, 294-329.

1593. HATCH, EDWIN. The growth of church institutions. London, 1887.

1594. *HUNT, WILLIAM. 1066. London, 1899.

The English church, A.D. 597

There is a useful survey of the authorities at the end of each chapter. See No. 757.

1595. LINGARD, JOHN. The history and antiquities of the Anglo-Saxon church. 2 vols. London, 1845; reprinted, 1858.

This is an expansion of his Antiquities of the Anglo-Saxon Church, 2 vols., Newcastle, 1806; 2nd edition, 1810. Deals in detail with bishops, synods, monks, missions, religious practices, literature, etc.

1595a. PLUMMER, ALFRED. The churches in Britain before A.D. 1000. 2 vols. London, 1911-12.

Expanded from papers in the Churchman, 1910-11.

1596. SOAMES, HENRY. An inquiry into the doctrines of the Anglo-Saxon church. Oxford, 1830.

1597.

The Anglo-Saxon church: its history, etc. London, 1835 4th edition, 1856.

1598.

London, 1848.

The Latin church during Anglo-Saxon times.

Written in reply to Lingard's work (No. 1595), which assailed the conclusions in Soames's Anglo-Saxon Church (No. 1596).

1599. Ussher, JAMES. Britannicarum ecclesiarum antiquiDublin, 1639.-Also printed in his Whole Works (17 vols., Dublin, 1847-64), vols. v.-vi.

tates.

b. THE CELTIC CHURCH.

The chief materials for the history of the Celtic church are in Haddan and Stubbs's Councils and Reeves's edition of the Life of Columba (Nos. 1424, 1454); the introduction, notes, etc., in

these two works, and in Skene's Celtic Scotland (No. 1269), vol. ii., are valuable. See also the church histories of Ireland and Wales in § 24.

1600. BELLESHEIM, ALPHONS. Geschichte der katholischen Kirche in Schottland. 2 vols. Mainz, 1883.-Translated by O. H. Blair: History of the Catholic church of Scotland. 4 vols. Edinburgh, etc., 1887-90.

Vol. i., chs. i.-iv., deals with the early Irish church, St. Columba, cloister-life in Iona, the church in Northumbria, etc.

1601. CATHCART, WILLIAM. The ancient British and Irish churches, including the life of St. Patrick. London, etc., 1894.

1602. EBRARD, J. H. A. Die iroschottische Missionskirche des sechsten, siebenten, und achten Jahrhunderts. Gütersloh, 1873. See No. 1640.

1603. HEALY, JOHN. The ancient Irish church. London, 1892. A brief popular sketch. See also No. 1614α.

1604. LOOFS, FRIEDRICH.

Antiquæ Britonum Scotorumque

ecclesiæ quales fuerint mores. Leipsic, etc., 1882.

Valuable.

1605. MORAN, P. F. Essays on the origin, doctrines, and discipline of the early Irish church. Dublin, 1864.

Devotes much attention to St. Patrick.

1606. PRYCE, JOHN. The ancient British church. London, 1878.

Valuable.

1607. STOKES, G. T. Ireland and the Celtic church [to 1172]. London, 1886; 6th edition, 1907.

Valuable. See No. 3088.

1608. WARREN, F. E. The liturgy and ritual of the Celtic church. Oxford, 1881.

The best work on this subject.

1609. WILLIAMS,

Oxford, 1912.

HUGH.

Christianity in early Britain.

See also his paper, Some Aspects of the Christian Church in Wales during the Fifth and Sixth Centuries, Soc. of Cymmrodorion, Trans., 1893-94, PP. 55-132, London, 1895.

1610. WILLIS-BUND, J. W. The Celtic church of Wales. London, 1897.

1610a. ZIMMER, HEINRICH. The Celtic church in Britain and Ireland. Translated by A. Meyer [from Realencyklopädie für Protestantische Theologie, 1901, x. 204-43]. London, 1902. Brief but valuable. Contends that St. Patrick was an unimportant missionary in a limited field; but cf. Bury (No. 1651a).

c. CONVERSION OF ENGLAND, MONASTICISM, ETC.

For Gregory's missionary labours, see F. H. Dudden, Gregory the Great (2 vols., London, 1905), vol. ii. ch. viii.

1611. BATESON, MARY. Origin and early history of double monasteries. Royal Hist. Soc., Trans., new series, xiii. 137–98. London, etc., 1899.

A scholarly paper.

1612. BIRCH, W. DE GRAY. Fasti monastici ævi Saxonici, or an alphabetical list of the heads of religious houses in England previous to the Norman conquest. London, 1872.

1613. BROWNE, G. F. The conversion of the heptarchy. London, etc., 1896; new edition, 1906.

Seven popular lectures.

1614. COLLINS, W. E. The beginnings of English Christianity, with special reference to the coming of St. Augustine. London, 1898.

1614a. HEALY, JOHN. Insula sanctorum et doctorum, or Ireland's ancient schools and scholars [from the time of St. Patrick to the Norman invasion]. Dublin, 1890; 4th edition, 1902.

Valuable.

1615. HOWORTH, H. H. The Irish monks and the Norsemen. Royal Hist. Soc., Trans., viii. 281-330. London, 1880.

1616. MACLEAR, G. F., and MERIVALE, CHARLES. Conversion of the west. 5 vols. London, etc., [1878-79].

1617. PEDLER, E. H. The Anglo-Saxon episcopate of Cornwall. London, 1856.

1617a. ROGER, M[AURICE]. L'enseignement des lettres classiques d'Ausone à Alcuin. Paris, 1905.

One of the best books written on the Irish schools and the work of Aldhelm, Beda, Boniface, and Alcuin.

16176. TARANGER, ABSALON.

Den angelsaksiske Kirkes

Indflydelse paa den Norske. Christiania, 1890.

d. BIOGRAPHY: LIVES OF SAINTS, ETC.

See No. 23a; § 8, especially Nos. 304-5, 334; No. 974; and, for the original sources, §§ 16b, 38d.

General.

For the succession of bishops, see No. 1500.

1617c. ADAMS, D. C. O. The saints and missionaries of the Anglo-Saxon era. 2 series. Oxford, etc., [1897]-1901. A popular account.

1618. MILES, GEORGE. The bishops of Lindisfarne, Hexham, Chester-le-Street, and Durham, A.D. 635-1020. London, [1898].

1619. MORAN, P. F. Irish saints in Great Britain. Dublin, 1879.

Deals with early Irish missions.

1620. REES, RICE. An essay on the Welsh saints [to the end of the seventh century]. London, 1836.

Ælfric (d. 1020-25).

See No. 1430.

1621. DIETRICH, EDUARD. Abt Ælfrik. Zeitschrift für die Historische Theologie, xxv. 487-594, xxvi. 163-256. Gotha, 1855-56.

A valuable account of his life and writings,

1622. WHITE, C. L. Elfric: a new study of his life and writings. Boston, etc., 1898.

The best account in English; in large part based upon Dietrich's work. Bibliography, 199–212,

Aidan (d. 651).

1623. FRYER, A. C. Aidan, the apostle of the north. London, [1884]-[New edition]: Aidan, the apostle of England. London, 1902.

Alcuin (d. 804).

A good recent book is C. J. B. Gaskoin's Alcuin, his Life and Works, London, 1904. G. F. Browne's Alcuin of York, London, 1908, is less critical. See also No. 1617a; for the sources, see pp. 278-9.

1624. DÜMMLER, ERNST. Zur Lebensgeschichte Alchvins. Gesellsch. für ältere Deutsche Gesch., Neues Archiv, xviii. 51-70. Hanover, etc., 1893.

1625. LAFORÊT, J. B. Histoire d'Alcuin. Namur, 1898.

1626. LORENZ, FRIEDRICH. Alcuins Leben. Halle, 1829.Translated by J. M. Slee: Life of Alcuin. London, 1837.

1627. MONNIER, FRANCIS. Alcuin et son influence chez les Franks. Paris, 1853.-2nd edition: Alcuin et Charlemagne. Paris, 1864.

1628. MULLINGER, J. B. The schools of Charles the Great. London, 1877.

Chs. i.-ii. Alcuin,

1629. WERNER, KARL. Alcuin und sein Jahrhundert. Paderborn, 1876; new edition, Vienna, 1881.

The most elaborate biography of Alcuin.

1630. WEST, A. F. Alcuin and the rise of the Christian schools. New York, 1892.

Books on Alcuin, 197–8,

Aldhelm (d. 709).

See No. 1617a, and, for the sources, p. 279.

1631. BÖNHOFF, LEO. Aldhelm von Malmesbury: ein Beitrag zur Kirchengeschichte. Dresden, 1894.

A scholarly work,

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