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of Max Heimbucher's Orden und Kongregationen der Katholischen Kirche (2 vols., Paderborn, 1896-97, 2nd edition, 3 vols., 1907-08) is also useful. On double monasteries, see No. 1611. For the history of individual orders, see § 70b.

782. BROUGHTON, RICHARD. A true memorial of the ancient and religious state of Great Britain, etc. [London], 1650.—Another edition: Monastichon Britannicum, by R. B. London, 1655.

Deals with the history of monasticism in Roman and Anglo-Saxon Britain to about A.D. 700.

783. ECKENSTEIN, LINA. Woman under monasticism, A.D. 500-1500. Cambridge, 1896.

A valuable contribution to the history of monasticism. The nunneries dealt with are chiefly English and German.

784. FOSBROKE, T. D.

British monasticism. 2 vols. London, 1802; 3rd edition, I vol., 1843.

Though its generalisations are often faulty, this work contains the fullest account of the inner monastic life.

785. Fox, SAMUEL. Monks and monasteries: an account of English monasticism. London, 1845.

786. GASQUET, F. A. English monastic life. 1st and 2nd editions. London, etc., 1904; 4th edition, [1910].

786a.

The old English bible and other essays.

London, 1897; new edition, 1908.

Medieval monastic libraries, 1-34.
The monastic scriptorium, 35-53.

See Hoare (No. 3076).

Canterbury claustral school, 15th century, 225-46.

786b. GRAHAM, ROSE. The intellectual influence of English monasticism between the 10th and 12th centuries. Royal Hist. Soc., Trans., new series, xvii. 23-65. London, [1903].

787. HILL, O'DELL T. English monasticism: its rise and influence [with special reference to Glastonbury]. London, 1867. Deals especially with the influence of the Benedictines and Franciscans upon art, literature, and social life.

787a. JAMES, M. R. On the abbey of S. Edmund at Bury [the library and the church]. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. Cambridge, 1895. The ancient libraries of Canterbury and Dover: catalogues of the libraries of Christ Church priory and St. Augustine's abbey at Canterbury, and of St. Martin's priory at Dover. Cambridge, 1903.

788. MABILLON, JEAN. Annales ordinis S. Benedicti [to 1157]. 6 vols. Paris, 1703-39; new edition, Lucca, 1739-45.

789. MAITLAND, S. R. The dark ages: essays illustrating the state of religion and literature. London, 1844.-New edition, by Frederick Stokes, 1889.

790. MERRYWEATHER, F. S. Bibliomania in the middle ages, with anecdotes illustrating the history of the monastic libraries of Great Britain. London, 1849.-Reprinted, with an introduction by Charles Orr, New York, 1900.

On monastic and cathedral libraries, see also J. W. Clark, The Care of Books, an Essay on the Development of Libraries from the Earliest Times, Cambridge, 1901, new edition, 1909; G. H. Putnam, Books and their Makers during the Middle Ages, 2 vols., New York, etc., 1896-97; and Wattenbach (No. 249). For the archives in cathedral libraries, see § 13 and No. 787a.

791. MONTALEMBERT, Comte de [C. F. R. DE TRYON]. Les moines d'occident, depuis S. Benoît jusqu'à S. Bernard. 7 vols. Paris, 1860-77.-Translation: The monks of the west. 7 vols. Edinburgh, etc., 1861-79; another edition, with introduction by F. A. Gasquet, 6 vols., London, etc., 1896.

Bks. vii.-xv. deal with Great Britain. The work is an eloquent plea in favour of monasticism; a panegyric, rather than a critical history, of monastic life. For its faults and merits, see Remains of A. W. Haddan, 1876, pp. 198-211.

792. REEVES, WILLIAM. The Culdees of the British islands. Dublin, 1864.-Also printed in Royal Irish Academy, Trans., xxiv. 119-263. Dublin, 1873.

Valuable; contains many records. On this subject, see also Skene, Celtic Scotland (No. 1269), vol. ii. ch. vi.

793. REYNER, CLEMENT. Apostolatus Benedictinorum in Anglia sive disceptatio historica de antiquitate ordinis mona

chorum nigrorum S. Benedicti in regno Angliæ. Douai, 1626. -Appendix, 1626.

The appendix contains many statutes, etc., including the Regularis Concordia (No. 1438), Lanfranc's statutes for the order in England, etc. Valuable.

794. TANNER, THOMAS. Notitia monastica: an account of all abbeys, etc., in England and Wales. London, 1744.-Reprinted, with additions by James Nasmith, Cambridge, 1787.

Valuable; contains a brief account of each religious house, with many references to unpublished records. This work is the expansion of his Notitia Monastica, Oxford, 1695.

795. TAUNTON, E. L. The English black monks of St. Benedict, from the coming of St. Augustine to the present day. 2 vols. London, 1897.

Valuable; deals mainly with modern times. The appendix of vol. i. contains a good abstract of the consuetudinary of St. Augustine's, Canterbury, from a MS. of the early part of the 14th century.

796. WALCOTT, M. E. C. Church work and life in English minsters. 2 vols. London, 1879.

Vol. ii. deals with monasteries.

797. WILLIS, BROWNE. The history of the mitred parliamentary abbeys, etc. 2 vols. London, 1718-19.

798. WOODHOUSE, F. C. Monasticism, ancient and modern. London, [1896].

A popular account.

e. BISHOPS, CATHEDRALS, ETC.

Stubbs, in his edition of Epistolæ Cantuarienses, Rolls Series (No. 2220), gives a good account of monastic cathedrals. For the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the crown, see No. 625; and for the history of particular bishoprics, § 24. For cathedral libraries, see § 23d.

799. BENSON, E. W. The cathedral. London, 1878.

Ch. iv. contains a brief account of the history of the cathedral chapter.

800. BRIDGETT, T. E. History of the holy eucharist in Great Britain [to the Reformation]. 2 vols. London, 1881; another edition, I vol., 1908.

Contains much information regarding church history.

800a. Cox, J. C. The sanctuaries and sanctuary seekers of medieval England. London, 1911.

See also his supplementary paper in the Archæological Journal, 1911, lxviii. 273-99.

801. CUTTS, E. L. Parish priests and their people in the middle ages in England. London, etc., 1898.

A useful popular book. See also F. A. Gasquet, Parish Life in Medieval England, London, [1906]; 3rd edition, [1909].

802. DANSEY, WILLIAM. Horæ decanicæ rurales: the origin, etc., of rural deans. 2 vols. London, 1835; 2nd edition, 1844.

803. GODWIN, FRANCIS. De præsulibus Angliæ commentarius. 2 pts. London, 1616.-Another edition, by William Richardson, 2 vols., Cambridge, 1743.

This is a Latin translation of Godwin's Catalogue of the Bishops of England, London, 1601; another edition, 1615. Contains brief biographies of the bishops of England, which are still valuable. Richardson's edition is the better.

804. HILL, GEOFFRY. English dioceses: a history of their limits. London, 1900.

A useful compilation.

805. HULTON, S. F. The primacy of England. Oxford, etc., 1899.

Deals with the history of the archbishoprics of Canterbury and York, etc.

806. LEA, H. C. An historical sketch of sacerdotal celibacy in the Christian church. Philadelphia, 1867; 2nd edition, Boston, 1884; 3rd edition (History of, etc.), 2 vols., London, 1907.

Valuable.

807. A history of auricular confession and indulgences in the Latin church. 3 vols. Philadelphia, 1896.

Valuable.

808. LEA, J. W. The bishops' oath of homage. London, 1875. PP. 52.

809. LE NEVE, JOHN. Fasti ecclesiæ Anglicanæ, or a calendar of the principal ecclesiastical dignitaries of England and Wales, to 1715. London, 1716.-Corrected and continued by T. D. Hardy, 3 vols., Oxford, 1854.

A standard work of reference.

810. MACLEAR, G. F. A history of Christian missions during the middle ages. Cambridge, etc., 1863.

811. PALMER, WILLIAM. Origines liturgicæ, or antiquities of the English ritual. 2 vols. Oxford, 1832; 4th edition, London, 1845.

812. Report (First) of her majesty's commissioners appointed to inquire into the condition of the cathedral and collegiate churches of England and Wales. [Report and appendix.] 2 vols. Parl. Papers, 1854, vol. xxv. London, 1854.

Contains much historical information. The 2nd and 3rd reports, ibid., 1854-55, vol. xv., are less valuable.

813. SMITH, [J.] TOULMIN.

The parish its obligations

and powers. London, 1854; 2nd edition, 1857.

Deals mainly with modern times.

814. STUBBS, WILLIAM. Registrum sacrum Anglicanum: an attempt to exhibit the course of episcopal succession in England. Oxford, 1858; 2nd edition, 1897.

Contains lists of bishops. A valuable book of reference.

815. WALCOTT, M. E. C.

Cathedralia a constitutional

history of cathedrals. London, 1865.

§ 24. LOCAL HISTORY, INCLUDING IRELAND AND WALES.

a. General, Nos. 816-40a.

b. Particular Counties, Boroughs, Manors, etc., Nos. 841-1191.

There is no good general history of English boroughs; the most elaborate work is that of Merewether and Stephens (No. 832). Maitland's Township and Borough (No. 831) throws much

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