(5) the term "foreign military financing assistance" means assistance under section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act; and

(6) the term "international military education and training" means assistance under chapter 5 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.

(2) Peace Process in Liberia

Public Law 102-270 [S.J. Res. 271], 106 Stat. 106, approved April 16, 1992 JOINT RESOLUTION Expressing the sense of the Congress regarding the peace process in Liberia and authorizing limited assistance to support this process.

Whereas the civil war in Liberia, begun in December 1989, has devastated that country, killing an estimated 25,000 civilians and forcing hundreds of thousands of Liberians to flee their homes; Whereas in an effort to end the fighting, the parties to the Liberian conflict and the leaders of the West African states signed a peace accord in Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire on October 30, 1991; Whereas this agreement sets in motion a peace process, including the encampment and disarmament of the fighters and culminating in the holding of free and fair elections;

Whereas despite several difficulties, this peace process continues to proceed largely on track, including the recent opening of roads in Liberia and the initiation of the political campaigns by several parties; and

Whereas the election process outlined in the Yamoussoukro agreement is essential for reestablishing peace, democracy and reconciliation in Liberia, and limited United States assistance could play an important role in promoting this process: Now, therefore, be it

1

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That (a) 1 the Congress

(1) strongly supports the peace process for Liberia initiated by the Yamoussoukro peace accord;

(2) urges all parties to abide by the terms of the Yamoussoukro agreement;

(3) commends and congratulates the governments of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) for their leadership in seeking peace in Liberia; and

(4) extends particularly praise to President Babangida of Nigeria, President Houphouet-Boigny of Cote d'Ivoire, and President Diouf of Senegal for their efforts to resolve this conflict. (b) AUTHORIZATION OF LIMITED ASSISTANCE.-Notwithstanding section 620(q) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 or any similar provision, the President is authorized to provide

(1) nonpartisan election and democracy-building assistance to support democratic institutions in Liberia, and

(2) assistance for the resettlement of refugees, the demobilization and retraining of troops, and the provision of other ap

1 22 U.S.C. 2151 note.

(88)

propriate assistance to implement the Yamoussoukro peace accord: Provided, That the President determines and so certifies to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives that Liberia has made significant progress toward democratization and that the provision of such assistance will assist that country in making further progress and is otherwise in the national interest of the United States. A separate determination and certification shall be required for each fiscal year in which such assistance is to be provided.

(3) African Famine Relief and Recovery Act of 1985

Partial text of Public Law 99-8 [S. 689], 99 Stat. 21, approved April 2, 1985

AN ACT To authorize appropriations for famine relief and recovery in Africa. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the "African Famine Relief and Recovery Act of 1985" 1

SEC. 2.2***

1

SEC. 3.1 MIGRATION AND REFUGEE ASSISTANCE.

(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.-In addition to amounts otherwise available for such purpose, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Department of State for "Migration and Refugee Assistance" for the fiscal year 1985, $37,500,000 for assisting refugees and displaced persons in Africa.

(b) USE OF FUNDS.

(1) PROJECTS FOR IMMEDIATE DEVELOPMENT NEEDS.-Up to 54 percent of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this section may be made available to the United Nations Office of Emergency Operations in Africa for projects such as those proposed at the second International Conference on Assistance to Refugees in Africa (ICARA II) to address the immediate development needs created by refugees and displaced persons in Africa.

(2) EMERGENCY RELIEF AND RECOVERY EFFORTS.—The remaining funds authorized to be appropriated by this section shall be used by the Bureau for Refugee Programs of the Department of State for emergency relief and recovery efforts in Africa. SEC. 4.1 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ASSISTANCE.

(a) SPECIAL RULE ON REIMBURSEMENT.-If the Department of Defense furnishes goods or services for African supplemental famine assistance activities, the Department of Defense shall be reimbursed for not more than the costs which it incurs in providing those goods or services. These costs do not include military pay and allowances, amortization and depreciation, and fixed facility costs. (b) DEFINITION OF AFRICAN SUPPLEMENTAL FAMINE ASSISTANCE ACTIVITIES. For purposes of this section, the term "African supplemental famine assistance activities" means the provision of the following fiscal year 1985 supplemental assistance for Africa:

(1) Famine assistance pursuant to section 2 of this Act.

1 22 U.S.C. 2292 note.

2 Sec. 2 amended the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 by adding a new section 495K entitled "African Famine Assistance.'

(2) Migration and refugee assistance pursuant to section 3 of this Act.

(3) Assistance pursuant to supplemental appropriations for title II of the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (7 U.S.C. 1721-1726).

(4) Assistance with funds appropriated during fiscal year 1985 for the Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund (22 U.S.C. 2601(c)).

SEC. 5.1 GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO ASSISTANCE.

(a) COUNTRIES TO BE ASSISTED.-Amounts authorized to be appropriated by this Act shall be available only for assistance in those countries in Africa which have suffered during calendar years 1984 and 1985 from exceptional food supply problems due to drought and other calamities.

(b) "HICKENLOOPER AMENDMENT".-Assistance may be provided with funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act without regard to section 620(e)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2370(e)(1)).

(c) ENSURING THAT ASSISTANCE REACHES INTENDED RECIPIENTS. The President shall ensure that adequate procedures have been established so that assistance pursuant to this Act is provided to the famine victims for whom it is intended.

SEC. 6.1 REPORTS ON AFRICAN FAMINE ASSISTANCE.

(a) REPORT ON UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTION TO MEET EMERGENCY NEEDS.

(1) REQUIREMENT FOR REPORT.-Not later than June 30, 1985, the President shall report to the Congress with respect to the United States contribution to meet emergency needs, including food needs, for African famine assistance.

(2) INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN REPORT.-The report required by this subsection shall describe

(A) the emergency needs, including food needs, for African famine assistance that are identified by the President's Interagency Task Force on the African Food Emergency, private and voluntary organizations active in famine relief, the United Nations Office for Emergency Operations in Africa, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, the World Food Program, and such other organizations as the President considers appropriate; and

(B) the projected fiscal year 1985 contribution by the United States Government to meet an appropriate share of those needs referred to in subparagraph (A).

(b) REPORT ON ASSISTANCE PROVIDED PURSUANT TO THIS ACT.(1) REQUIREMENT FOR REPORT.-Not later than September 30, 1985, the President shall report to the Congress on the assistance provided pursuant to this Act.

(2) INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN REPORT.

(A) USE OF FUNDS.-The report pursuant to this subsection shall describe the uses, by the Agency for International Development and by the Department of State, of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act, includ