v. Authorization for an Improved U.S./Soviet Direct
Communication Link

Public Law 99-85 [S.J. Res. 108], 99 Stat. 286, approved August 8, 1985; amended by Public Law 103–199 [FRIENDSHIP Act; H.R. 3000], 107 Stat. 2317, approved December 17, 1993

JOINT RESOLUTION Authorizing the Secretary of Defense to provide to the Soviet Union, on a reimbursable basis, equipment and services necessary for an improved United States/Soviet Direct Communication Link for crisis control. Whereas section 1123(a) of the Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1983 (Public Law 97-252), directed the Secretary of Defense "to conduct a full and complete study and evaluation of possible initiatives for improving the containment and control of the use of nuclear weapons, particularly during crises; Whereas the Congress directed that the same study should address several specific measures for building confidence between the United States and the Soviet Union, including an improved Direct Communications Link for crisis control;

Whereas the Secretary of Defense responded to that congressional mandate with a report entitled "Report to the Congress on Direct Communications Links and Other Measures to Enhance Stability" in which the Secretary proposed several improvements to existing United States-Soviet mechanisms for the prevention and resolution of crises, including the addition of a facsimile capability to the United States/Soviet Union Direct Communications Link;

Whereas the President of the United States presented the recommendations of the Secretary of Defense to the Government of the Soviet Union in May 1983;

Whereas the United States and the Soviet Union commenced negotiations on bilateral communications improvements in August 1983, and on July 17, 1984, concluded the Exchange of Notes Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Concerning the Direct Communications Link Upgrade in which the two governments agreed to add a facsimile capability to the Direct Communications Link;

Whereas the Congress endorses that agreement and remains committed to all possible measures to facilitate the resolution of international crises and to limit the danger of conflict; Whereas the Secretary of Defense is responsible for the installation, maintenance, and operation of the Direct Communications Link equipment for the United States; and

Whereas the Exchange of Notes Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Concerning the Direct Communications Link Upgrade provides that the

1 10 U.S.C. 113 note.

United States Government will provide to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, at cost, the equipment and services necessary for the Soviet Union part of the improved Direct Communications Link: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Secretary of Defense may provide to Russia,2 as provided in the Exchange of Notes Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Concerning the Direct Communications Link Upgrade, concluded on July 17, 1984, such equipment and services as may be necessary to upgrade or maintain the Russian part 3 of the Direct Communications Link agreed to in the Memorandum of Understanding between the United States and the Soviet Union signed June 20, 1963. The Secretary shall provide such equipment and services to Russia 2 at the cost thereof to the United States.

SEC. 2. (a) The Secretary of Defense may use any funds available to the Department of Defense for the procurement of the equipment and providing the services referred to in the first section.

(b) Funds received from Russia as payment for such equipment and services shall be credited to the appropriate account of Department of Defense.

2 Sec. 404(a)(1)(A) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2325) struck out "to the Soviet Union" and inserted in lieu thereof "to Russia".

3 Sec. 404(a)(1)(B) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2325) struck out "Soviet Union part" and inserted in lieu thereof "Russian part".

* Sec. 404(a)(2) of the FRIENDSHIP Act (Public Law 103-199; 107 Stat. 2325) struck out "the Soviet Union" and inserted in lieu thereof "Russia". Sec. 404(b) of that Act, however, provided that "The amendment made by subsection (a)(2) does not affect the applicability of section 2(b) of that joint resolution to funds received from the Soviet Union.".

4. Laws Relating to Loan or Sale of Vessels to Foreign Countries

a. 10 U.S.C. 7307-Disposals to Foreign Nations

Chapter 633.-NAVAL VESSELS

§ Sec. 7307.1 Disposals to foreign nations

(a) LARGER OR NEWER VESSELS.-A naval vessel that is in excess of 3,000 tons or that is less than 20 years of age may not be disposed of to another nation (whether by sale, lease, grant, loan, barter, transfer, or otherwise) unless the disposition of that vessel is approved by law enacted after August 5, 1974. A lease or loan of such a vessel under such a law may be made only in accordance with the provisions of chapter 6 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2796 et seq.) or chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2311 et seq.).

(b) OTHER VESSELS. (1) A naval vessel not subject to subsection (a) may be disposed of to another nation (whether by sale, lease, grant, loan, barter, transfer, or otherwise) in accordance with applicable provisions of law, but only after

(A) the Secretary of the Navy notifies the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives in writing of the proposed disposition; and

(B) 30 days of continuous session of Congress have expired following the date on which such notice is sent to those committees.

(2) For purposes of paragraph (1)(B), the continuity of a session of Congress is broken only by an adjournment of the Congress sine die, and the days on which either House is not in session because of an adjournment of more than 3 days to a day certain are excluded in the computation of such 30-day period.

1 10 U.S.C. 7307 was originally enacted in Public Law 84-1028 (70A Stat. 1; August 10, 1956), and has been amended by Public Law 93-365 (88 Stat. 399); Public Law 94-457 (90 Stat. 1938); Public Law 96-513 (94 Stat. 2835); Public Law 99-83 (99 Stat. 190); and by Public Law 101-510 (104 Stat. 1704).

Sec. 824(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103160; 107 Stat. 1708) amended and restated 10 U.S.C. 7307.

EXECUTED PUBLIC LAWS

a. Netherlands-Public Law 82–510 [S. 3337], 66 Stat. 587, approved July 11, 1952. b. Italy and France; Far Eastern and European Nations-Public Law 83-188 [S. 2277], 67 Stat. 363, approved August 5, 1953, as amended by Public Law 84-948 [H.R. 11613], 70 Stat. 967, approved August 3, 1956.

c. Turkey-Public Law 83-214 [S. 2539], 67 Stat. 471, approved August 7, 1953. d. Brazil-Public Law 84-484 [H.R. 8100], 70 Stat. 105, approved April 6, 1956. e. Netherlands and Venezuela-Public Law 85-220 [H.R. 6952], 71 Stat. 495, approved August 29, 1957.

f. NATO and the European Area; the Latin American and Far Eastern Areas Public Law 85-532 [S. 3506], 72 Stat. 376; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878e-1878i, approved July 18, 1958.

g. Italy, Turkey, and the Republic of China-Public Law 86–57 [H.R. 3366], 73 Stat. 90; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878j-18781, approved June 23, 1959.

h. Republic of China-Public Law 86-482 [H.R. 9465], 74 Stat. 153; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878m-1878p, approved June 1, 1960.

i. Portugal, Spain, NATO, Southern Asia, and the Far Eastern Area-Public Law 87-387 [H.R. 7726], 75 Stat. 815; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878q-1878x, approved October 4, 1961.

j. Argentina, Brazil, China, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Peru, Spain, Thailand, and Turkey-Public Law 88-437 [H.R. 11035], 78 Stat. 444; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878y-1878bb, approved August 14, 1964.

k. Italy, Spain, Argentina, Brazil, Turkey, and the Philippines Public Law 89324 (H.R. 7812], 79 Stat. 1214; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878cc-1878mm, approved November 5, 1965.

1. Republic of China-Public Law 89-398 [H.R. 7813], 80 Stat. 121; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878nn-1878ss, approved April 16, 1966.

m. Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Republic of Korea, Portugal, Spain, and Peru-Public Law 90-224 (H.R. 6167], 81 Stat. 729; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878tt-1878xx approved December 26, 1967.

n. Greece, Pakistan, Republic of Vietnam, and Turkey-Public Law 91-682 [H.R. 15728], 84 Stat. 2066; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878yy-1878zz-3, approved January 12, 1971. o. Spain, Turkey, Greece, Republic of Korea and Italy-Public Law 92-270 [H.R. 9526], 86 Stat. 118; 50 U.S.C. App. 1878zz-4-1878zz-8, approved April 6, 1972.

p. Argentina, Republic of China, Colombia, Germany, Greece, Iran, Republic of Korea, Pakistan, the Philippines, Spain, and Venezuela-Public Law 94-457 [S. 3734], 90 Stat. 1938, approved October 5, 1976.

q. Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Greece, Indonesia, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, and Spain-Public Law 96-150 (H.R. 5163], 93 Stat. 1091, approved December 20, 1979.

r. Colombia, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Pakistan, Turkey-Public Law 97-342 [H.R. 7115], 96 Stat. 1641, approved October 15, 1982.

s. Taiwan-Public Law 99-661 [S. 2638], 100 Stat. 4005, approved November 14, 1986.

t. Philippines Public Law 101-44 [H.R. 2344], 103 Stat. 96, approved June 30, 1989.

u. Brazil-Public Law 101-172 [H.R. 3544], 103 Stat. 1291, approved November 22, 1989.

v. Brazil-Public Law 101-568 [S. 3215], 104 Stat. 2804, approved November 15, 1990.

v. Greece Public Law 102-91 [H.R. 2901], 105 Stat. 472, approved August 14, 1991.

b. Lease of Naval Vessels to Brazil, Egypt, Morocco, Oman, Spain,

Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, and Venezuela

Public Law 103-174 (H.R. 3471), 107 Stat. 2000, approved December 2, 1993

AN ACT To authorize the leasing of naval vessels to certain foreign countries. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. AUTHORITY TO LEASE NAVAL VESSELS TO CERTAIN FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

The Secretary of the Navy is authorized to lease to the following foreign governments the following naval vessels:

(1) BRAZIL.-To the Government of Brazil, the "KNOX" class frigates HEPBURN (FF 1055), PATTERSON (FF 1061), FRANCIS HAMMOND (FF 1067), DOWNES (FF 1070), BLAKELY (FF 1072), and PAUL (FF 1080).

(2) EGYPT.-To the Government of Egypt, the "KNOX" class frigates JESSE L. BROWN (FFT 1089) and MOINESTER (FFT 1097).

(3) MOROCCO.-To the Government of Morocco, the "KNOX" class frigate VALDEZ (FF 1096).

(4) OMAN.-To the Government of Oman, the "KNOX" class frigate MILLER (FF 1091).

(5) SPAIN. To the Government of Spain, the "KNOX" class frigates AYLWIN (FF 1081) and PHARRIS (FF 1094).

(6) TAIWAN.-To the Coordination Council for North American Affairs (which is the Taiwan instrumentality designated pursuant to section 10(a) of the Taiwan Relations Act), the "KNOX" class frigates JOSEPH HEWES (FFT 1078), COOK (FF 1083), and BARBEY (FF 1088).

(7) THAILAND.-To the Government of Thailand, the "KNOX" class frigates MARVIN SHIELDS (FF 1066), HAROLD E. HOLT (FF 1074), OUELLET (FF 1077), and TRUETT (FFT 1095).

(8) TURKEY.-To the Government of Turkey, the "KNOX" class frigates BOWEN (FFT 1079), McCANDLESS (FFT 1084), DONALD B. BEARY (FFT 1085), and AINSWORTH (FFT 1090).

(9) VENEZUELA. To the Government of Venezuela, the "KNOX" class frigates ROARK (FF 1053) and GRAY (FF 1054). SEC. 2. APPLICABLE LAW.

The leases authorized by section 1 shall be in accordance with chapter 6 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2796 and following), except that section 62 of that Act (22 U.S.C. 2796a; relating to reports to Congress) shall apply only to renewal of the leases.