ETALS USED IN CONSTRUCTION: IRON, STEEL,-BESSEMER METAL, ETC. ETC. BY FRANCIS HERBERT JOYNSON, ILLUSTRATED. EDINBURGH: WILLIAM P. NIM MO. 1868. THE METALS USED IN CONSTRUCTION. CHAPTER I. CAST IRON. (1.) THE metal known to us under the name of iron is one which possesses many properties which render it remarkably useful in the arts of construction. It possesses great strength, density, and hardness; and, under certain forms, is highly ductile and malleable : it possesses, moreover, the capability to be easily moulded and wrought into various forms, and to have a smooth surface and a high polish imparted to it. Although iron is met with in nearly all ore in organic substances, it is, for the purposes of art, obtained from what are called iron ores, or "ferruginous claystones." These are met with in various localities, and vary in the percentage of iron which they contain. A |