Liturgy introduced.-Tumults, Supplications, Accusation of the Prelates.-Tables and Co- venant instituted.-Assembly at Glasgow.- Preparations for War.-Pacification, Assembly, Discontent of the English, and Transactions of their long Parliament.-Negociations and Trea- ty with the Scots concluded.-King's Journey to Scotland-Accommodation there-Irish Mas- sacre-Secret Policy of the King, and of the English Parliament, explained from the His- tory of Scotland.-Origin of the Civil Wars.- Mediation of the Scots-rejected.—Their ac- Situation of Charles.-His Escape to the Scots.- Negociations at Newcastle.-Departure of the Scots and Surrender of the King.-Mutiny of the English Army, and Seizure of his Perfon. Negociations with the Army, the Parliament, and the Scots.-Engagement, Second Civil Negociations with Charles II.-Expedition, De- feat, and Execution of Montrose.-King's Reception in Scotland.-Cromwell's Invasion- and Victory at Dunbar.-March into Eng- land, and Battle of Worcester.-Conquest and Situation of Scotland under the Usurpation.- THE HISTORY OF SCOTLAN D. BOOK I. Accession, and Departure of James from Scotland State of that Kingdom-Union, and ecclesiastical Conformity attempted-Retrospective View of Presby tery-Revival of Prelacy-State of the Borders; Highlands, and Isles-Discoveries concerning Gowrie's Conspiracy and Balmerino's Treason-Ecclesiastical Affairs-King's Journey to ScotlandArticles of Perth-Death and Character of James. TH 1. 1503. HE marriage of James IV. and of Margaret, BOOK eldest daughter of Henry VII. was productive at first of a temporary alliance, and at the distance Descent, of a century, of a permanent union between Scot- ́ land and England. After the first generation, the issue of Henry had terminated in females, and on the death of Elizabeth his grandchild, the blood of the Tudors existed, almost exclusively, in the veins of the Stuarts. James VI. of the Stuarts, and the third in descent from Margaret and 1503. 1567. BOOK James IV, had been placed while an infant on the I. throne of Scotland, which his unhappy mother was forced to resign; but he had attained to a mature age, at the period of his succession to the English crown. The design of this History is, to describe the domestic transactions of Scotland, and the relative events with which they were occasionally connected in England, from the union of the two crowns under James VI. to the union of the kingdoms in the reign of queen Anne. and acces sion of James 1603. terests It is seldom that the accession of a foreigner is tranquil, and James was peculiarly obnoxious from his birth-place, to the antipathy of a people, among whom his mother had suffered an ignominious death. But his accession was promoted by the expectations of every religious, and by the inalmost every political party in England. The puritans, who had experienced his friendly intercession with Elizabeth, anticipated a reformation in the church, if not the downfal and destruction of the hierarchy, from a prince whose professed religion was congenial with their own. The established clergy had examined his character with more anxious attention; and discovered, both in his conduct and in his controversial discourses, a strong predilection for the episcopal order. The catholics, then a numerous and powerful party, expected greater indulgence in their religion; and entertained a persuasion, that its doctrines and its votaries were secretly not indifferent to a monarch, 2 Calderwood, 246. 'Fuller, 224. |