From shore to ship

rate of each of the ships which have participated in the transmission.

2. The sender of a radiogram proceeding from the coast and inthrough another ship. tended for a ship may require that his message be transmitted by way of one or two stations on shipboard; he shall deposit for this purpose an amount equal to the radio and telegraph rates and, in addition, a sum to be fixed by the office of origin, as surety for the payment to the intermediary shipboard stations of the transit rates fixed by paragraph 1. He shall further pay, at his option, either the rate for a telegram of five words or the price of the postage on a letter to be sent by the coastal station to the office of origin giving the necessary information for the liquidation of the amounts deposited.

From ship to ship through shore.

From ship to ship.

Receiving and sending charges to be the

same.

Intermediate service.

Telegraph intermediate service.

Collection of charges.

From sender.

Exceptions.

The radiogram shall then be accepted at the sender's risk; it shall show before the address the prepaid instruction, to wit: "X retransmissions telegraph" or "X retransmissions letter" according to whether the sender desired the information necessary for the liquidation of the deposits to be furnished by telegraph or by letter. 3. The rate for radiograms proceeding from a ship intended for another ship, and forwarded through one or two intermediary coastal stations, shall comprise:

The shipboard rates of the two ships, the coastal rate of the coastal station or two coastal stations, as the case may be, and the telegraph rate, when necessary, applicable to the transmission between the two coastal stations.

4. The rate for radiograms exchanged between ships without the intervention of a coastal station shall comprise the shipboard rates of the vessels of origin and destination together with the shipboard rates of the intermediary stations.

5. The coastal and shipboard rates accruing to the stations of transit shall be the same as those fixed for such stations when they are stations of origin or destination. In no case shall they be collected more than once.

6. In the case of every coastal station acting as intermediary, the rate to be collected for the service of transit shall be the highest coastal rate applicable to direct communication with the two ships concerned.

ARTICLE XVIII.

The country within whose territory a coastal station is established which serves as intermediary for the exchange of radiograms between a station on board ship and another country shall be considered, so far as the application of telegraph rates is concerned, as the country of origin or of destination of such radiograms, and not as the country of transit.

5. COLLECTION OF CHARGES.

ARTICLE XIX.

The total charge for radiograms shall be collected of the sender, with the exception of:

(1) Charges for special delivery (Art. LVIII, Par. 1, of the Telegraph Regulations); (2) Charges applicable to inadmissible combinations or alterations of words noted by the office or station of destination (Art. XIX, par. 9 of the Telegraph Regulations) such charges being collected of the addressee.

Stations on shipboard shall to that end have the necessary tariffs. They shall be at liberty, however, to obtain information from coastal stations on the subject of rates for radiograms for which they do not possess all the necessary data.

2. The counting of words by the office of origin shall be conclusive in the case of radiograms intended for ships and that of the shipboard station of origin shall be conclusive in the case of radiograms proceeding from ships, both for purposes of transmission and of the international accounts. However, when the radiogram is worded wholly or in part, either in one of the languages of the country of destination, in the case of radiograms proceeding from ships, or in one of the languages of the country to which the ship is subject, in the case of radiograms intended for ships, and contains combinations or alterations of words contrary to the usage of such language, the bureau or shipboard station of destination, as the case may be, shall have the right to recover from the addressee the amount of charge not collected. In case of refusal to pay, the radiogram may be withheld.

6. TRANSMISSION OF RADIOGRAMS.

(A) SIGNALS OF TRANSMISSION.
ARTICLE XX.

The signals to be employed are those of the Morse International Code.

ARTICLE XXI.

Ships in distress shall use the following signal:

repeated at brief intervals, followed by the necessary particulars.

As soon as a station hears the signal of distress it shall cease all correspondence and not resume it until after it has made sure that the correspondence to which the call for assistance has given rise is terminated.

Stations which hear a signal of distress shall conform to the instructions given by the ship making such signal as regards the order of the messages or their cessation.

In case the call letters of a particular station are added at the end of the series of calls for assistance, the answer to the call shall be incumbent upon that station alone unless such station fails to reply. If the call for assistance does not specify any particular station, every station hearing such call shall be bound to answer it.

ARTICLE XXII.

Post, p. 1738.

For the purpose of giving or requesting information concerning Arbitrary signals. the radio service, stations shall make use of the signals contained in the list appended to the present Regulations.

(B) ORDER OF TRANSMISSION.
ARTICLE XXIII.

Between two stations radiograms of the same order shall be transmitted one by one, by the two stations alternately, or in series of several radiograms, as the coastal station may indicate, provided the duration of the transmission of each series does not exceed fifteen minutes.

(C.) METHOD OF CALLING RADIO STATIONS AND TRANSMISSION OF

RADIOGRAMS.

Order of transmis sion.

Alternately or serially.

Method of calling and transmitting.

ARTICLE XXIV.

1. As a general rule, it shall be the shipboard station that calls the coastal station whether it has radiograms to transmit or not.

General rule.

96497°-VOL 38-PT 2-32

2. In waters where the radio traffic is very great (British Channel, etc.), a coastal station should not, as a general rule, be called by a shipboard station unless the former is within normal range of the shipboard station and not until the distance of the vessel from the coastal station is less than 75 per cent of the normal range of the latter.

3. Before proceeding to call, the coastal station or the station on shipboard shall adjust its receiving apparatus to its maximum sensibility and make sure that no other correspondence is being carried on within its radius of action; if it finds otherwise, it shall wait for the first pause, unless it is convinced that its call will not be likely to disturb the correspondence in progress. The same applies in case the station desires to answer a call.

4. For calling, every station shall use the normal waye of the station it wishes to call.

5. If in spite of these precautions the transmission of a radiogram is impeded at any place, the call shall cease upon the first request from a coastal station open to public correspondence. The latter station shall in such case indicate the approximate length of time it will be necessary to wait.

6. The station on shipboard shall make known to every coastal station to which it has signaled its presence the moment at which it proposes to cease its operations and the probable duration of the interruption. ARTICLE XXV.

1. The call shall comprise the signal

the call letters of the station called transmitted three times, the word "from" (de) followed by the call letters of the sending station transImitted three times.

2. The called station shall answer by making the signal

followed by the call letters of the corresponding station transmitted three times, the word "from," its own call letters, and the signal

3. Stations desiring to enter into communication with ships, without, however, knowing the names of the ships within their radius of action, may employ the signal

(signal of inquiry). The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 are likewise applicable to the transmission of a signal of inquiry and to the answer to such signal.

ARTICLE XXVI.

If a station called does not answer the call (Article XXV) transmitted three times at intervals of two minutes, the call shall not be resumed until after an interval of fifteen minutes, the station issuing the call having first made sure of the fact that no radio correspondence is in progress.

ARTICLE XXVII.

Every station which has occasion to transmit a radiogram requiring the use of high power shall first send out three times the signal of warning with the minimum of power necessary to reach the neighboring stations. It shall not begin to transmit with high power until 30 seconds after sending the signal of warning.

ARTICLE XXVIII.

1. As soon as the coastal station has answered, the shipboard station shall furnish it with the following data in case it has messages to transmit; such data shall likewise be furnished upon request from the coastal station:

(a) The approximate distance, in nautical miles, of the vessel from the coastal station;

(b) The position of the vessel indicated in a concise form and adapted to the circumstances of the case;

(c) Her next port of call;

(d) The number of radiograms, if they are of normal length, or the number of words, if the messages are unusually long.

The speed of the ship in nautical miles shall also be given if spe

cially requested by the coastal station.

Statement from ship

board station.

2. The coastal station shall answer stating, as provided in para- From coastal station. graph 1, either the number of radiograms or the number of words

to be transmitted to the ship, and also the order of transmission.

3. If the transmission can not take place immediately, the coastal Delayed service. station shall inform the station on shipboard of the approximate

length of time that it will be necessary to wait.

4. If a shipboard station called can not receive for the moment, it shall inform the station calling of the approximate length of time that it will be necessary to wait.

5. In the exchange of messages between two stations on shipboard, Exchanges. it shall fall to the station called to fix the order of transmission.

ARTICLE XXIX.

When a coastal station receives calls from several shipboard stations, it shall decide the order in which such stations shall be admitted to exchange their messages.

In fixing this order the coastal station shall be guided exclusively by the necessity of permitting each station concerned to exchange the greatest possible number of radiograms.

ARTICLE XXX.

Order of receiving at coastal stations.

Before beginning the exchange of correspondence the coastal sta- Preliminary signals. tion shall advise the shipboard station whether the transmission is

to be effected in the alternate order or by series (Article XXIII); it shall then begin the transmission or follow up the preliminaries with the signal

Transmitting mes.

The transmission of the radiogram shall be preceded by the signal age.

and terminated by the signal

followed by the name of the sending station and by the signal

In the case of a series of radiograms, the name of the sending station and the signal ➡ shall only be given at the end

of the series.

ARTICLE XXXII.

When a radiogram to be transmitted contains more than 40 words, Long messages. the sending station shall interrupt the transmission by the signal • after each series of about 20 words and shall not resume it until after it has obtained from the receiving station a

1

Series messages.

Intermission re

quired.

Doubtful signals.

receipt.

repetition of the last word duly received, followed by the said signal, or, if the reception is good, by the signal

In the case of transmission by series, acknowledgment of receipt shall be made after each radiogram.

Coastal stations engaged in the transmission of long radiograms shall suspend the transmission at the end of each period of 15 minutes, and remain silent for a period of three minutes before resuming the transmission.

Coastal and shipboard stations working under the conditions specified in Article XXXV, par. 2, shall suspend work at the end of each period of 15 minutes and listen in with a wave length of 600 meters during a period of three minutes before resuming the transmission.

ARTICLE XXXIII.

1. When the signals become doubtful every possible means shall be resorted to to finish the transmission. To this end the radiogram shall be transmitted three times at most at the request of the receiving station. If in spite of such triple repetition the signals are still unreadable the radiogram shall be cancelled.

Acknowledgment of If no acknowledgment of receipt is received the transmitting station shall again call up the receiving station. If no reply is made after three calls the transmission shall not be followed up any further. In such case the sending station shall have the privilege of obtaining the acknowledgment of receipt through the medium of another radio station, using, when necessary, the lines of the telegraph system.

Forwarding doubtful messages.

2. If in the opinion of the receiving station the radiogram, although imperfectly received, is nevertheless capable of transmission, said station shall enter the words "reception doubtful" at the end of the preamble and let the radiogram follow. In such case the management of the radio service of the country to which the coastal station is subject shall claim the charges in conformity with Article XLII of the present Regulations. If, however, the shipboard station subsequently transmits the radiogram to another coastal station of the same management, the latter can claim only the rates applicable to a single transmission.

(D) ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF RECEIPT AND CONCLUSION OF WORK.

ARTICLE XXXIV.

1. Receipt shall be acknowledged in the form prescribed by the International Telegraph Regulations; it shall be preceded by the call letters of the transmitting station and followed by those of the receiving station.

2. The conclusion of a correspondence between two stations shall be indicated by each of the two stations by means of the signal

followed by its own call letters.

(E) DIRECTIONS TO BE FOLLOWED IN SENDING RADIOGRAMS. ARTICLE XXXV.

1. In general, the shipboard stations shall transmit their radiograms to the nearest coastal station.

Nevertheless, if a shipboard station has the choice between several coastal stations at equal or nearly equal distances, it shall give the