Mr. BROWNSON. I will ask the Secretary if, in referring to the charts he will please remember that this will be in printed form, and read the titles from the chart so that the printed context will be comprehensive. Mr. LANTAFF. How about inserting the charts into the record, Mr. Chairman? Mr. BROWNSON. I will also ask unanimous consent that the charts Mr. Lourie is using be included in his presentation in the record. Without objection it is so ordered. Mr. LOURIE. This morning in General Smith's report he referred to the fact that the President's message said there were two major deficiencies in the organization of the executive branch for foreign affairs. One was the fact that there was not a clear assignment of central responsibility for foreign policy under the President. This is the present structure here on this first chart. In the President's office is the DMS, the Director for Mutual Security. This is MSA, and this is the State Department. On this side the gray is foreign aid operations. The black is foreign information and to show you the overlapping and the duplication there are foreign aid operations in the President's executive office, in MSA, here in TCA in the State Department, which is point 4. As far as foreign information is concerned the State Department has the IIA, the International Information Administration, MSA has its own information program and the Director of Mutual Security has an information program. (Chart 1 follows:) Present Structure Here is NSC reporting to the President. That is the present structure. Now the other point that was made in the President's message was that we are now operating a number of programs within the State Department or within the executive branch, I should say, and they are scattered throughout the executive branch, rather than have them all in one unit. Under the proposed plans 7 and 8 it will free the Secretary of State from operating responsibilities. These are the many programs that you are all familiar with. The gray ones will go into FOA, the black ones into USIA. There is TCA, which is point 4, VFA, which is the Voluntary Foreign Aid. The Israeli Resettlement, Yugoslavia Emergency Relief, and then the various programs under the United Nations which are Palestine Relief, Korean Relief, the United Nations Technical Assistance and the Children's Program, as well as others, also the multilateral program of the InterGovernmental Committee on European Migration. You may want more detail on that but it does show that they have been scattered throughout the executive branch. Under the new program the responsibility for foreign policy will be the main responsibility of the State Department as its historic responsibility again and will go directly from the State Department to the President. You will see that Defense, and under the program FOA which is Foreign Operations Administration, Treasury and USIA, which is United States Information Agency, will go through here [indicating the box marked "State"] as far as foreign policy is concerned to the Secretary of State and to the President. I did not try to memorize this since this is the President's letter, so I will read it to you because it merely defines and explains this chart. It says: The overall foreign affairs reorganization which I desire to achieve is designed to emphasize the primary position of the Secretary of State within the executive branch on matters of foreign policy. I personally wish to emphasize that I shall regard the Secretary of State as the Cabinet officer responsible for advising and assisting me in the formulation and control of foreign policy. It will be my practice to employ the Secretary of State as my channel of authority within the executive branch on foreign policy. Other officials of the executive branch will work with and through the Secretary of State on matters of foreign policy. Then this morning General Smith referred to the planned structure, some of the phases of it. Under the reorganization planned by the President, plan No. 7 and plan No. 8, you can see a much more simplified, much clearer organizational chart. Here is the Foreign Operations Administration, the USIA, directly going to NSC, the State Department, and all going through the Secretary of State to the President. I read this morning and I will be glad to read it again the clause which was referred to; or the statement which was referred to: "The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of the Treasury, as appropriate, shall review plans and policies relative to military and economic assistance programs, foreign information programs, and legislative proposals of the Foreign Operations Administration and the United States Information Agency, to assure that in their conception and execution such plans, policies and proposals are consistent with and further the attainment of foreign policy, military policy and financial and monetary policy objectives. "The Director of the Foreign Operations Administration and the Director of the United States Information Agency will assure the concurrence or participation of the appropriate Secretary before taking up with me any policy matters of concern to that Secretary. That is the statement by the President which was referred to this morning. Mr. BROWNSON. I wonder if you could have your assistant bring that chart up here so that we can refer to it later, Mr. Lourie. Mr. LOURIE. Yes, gladly. Since I have been here, and I have been here only a few months, one of the questions which is asked me more than any other is, "How large is the State Department? How does it compare with the years gone by and what will the effect of this reorganizational plan be on the State Department?" And I think this dramatizes that fairly well. You have here a further chart which says "The relative size of the Department of State." Over here is the key to these bars. The black crosshatch is the State Department, the solid black is International Information. Another segment which is marked by diagonal lines is the German and 35202-53- -4 Austrian program called Government in occupied areas. is TCA, and the white crosshatch is support positions. The gray Historically, here is what has happened in the fiscal year 1946, just at the end of the war. There were in the State Department 12,910 people who devoted their time to carrying out their assignments as members of that Department, and at that time 13,000 more were put into the State Department. Those 13,000 came from OWI, OSS, FEA, and other agencies, and you can see what happened in fiscal 1946 here on this chart. The State Department was doubled in size. The white area of the 1946 bar, marked "Other" shows the size of the operation that came into it. By 1948 the State Department, as such, had close to 17,989. It picked up enough to bring it to a total of 20,220-that is the Information Program, marked in black at the end of the bar. In 1950 there was a big balance added when the State Department took over nearly 19,000 positions. This was HICOG or programs in Government-occupied areas, marked by diagonal lines. Here you have the information program in black that is growing and the support positions in white crosshatch that are needed for it. At the beginning of this year the black crosshatch is what the State Department looked like in number and size, 12,851. HICOG had come down. TCA was in the State Department at that time, point 4. The information program again had grown and then the support positions, so that at the beginning of that year there were 42,000 people in the State Department, at home and overseas. After the reorganization plan, if it is approved by Congress, this is the relative size-a total of 22,000 attached to the State Department, or about one-half, the present number. We put down here what we can look toward for 1954. These figures are merely tentative. We still do not have our budgets, as you know, and we don't know exactly what we will have to trim to, how we will have to trim our sails, but in all probability we will come out something about that figure. Again I say that that is tentative so that what you see in the State Department proper is about an estimated 11,700 positions in fiscal 1954. Mr. McCORMACK. Altogether 18,900. Mr. LOURIE. Yes, sir. Mr. BROWNSON. How many are there in the support positions for tentative 1954? Mr. LOURIE. I have a feeling, and if my memory serves me correctly, that it is 4,600, and I will have to make certain that that is the figure. I have tried to do these on the proportional basis. Mr. SARGEANT. The figures in the square marked with diagonal lines, which is the Government in occupied areas, come to 3,000. In your support positions marked by white crosshatch you have 4,200, making an estimated total in the State Department, at home and abroad, in fiscal 1954 of 18,900 positions. Mr. LANTAFF. What are the support positions we are talking about? Mr. LOURIE. Support positions in a general way, are those positions which are needed to help in communications or translating wires, telegrams, and doing the housekeeping for other Government agencies. Mr. LANTAFF. You are reimbursed for those by the departments. affected, are you not? Mr. LOURIE. We are. |