Meta-Analysis in Medicine and Health PolicyDalene Stangl, Donald A. Berry This remarkable text raises the analysis of data in health sciences and policy to new heights of refinement and applicability by introducing cutting-edge meta-analysis strategies while reviewing more commonly used techniques. Each chapter builds on sound principles, develops methodologies to solve statistical problems, and presents concrete applications used by experienced medical practitioners and health policymakers. Written by more than 30 celebrated international experts, Meta-Analysis in Medicine and Health Policy employs copious examples and pictorial presentations to teach and reinforce biostatistical techniques more effectively and poses numerous open questions of medical and health policy research. |
From inside the book
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Page 4
... relative value of large clinical trials versus meta - analysis , which is addressed by Berry ( Chap . 3 ) . Equally important , the fixed- effects model underestimates variability and hence may lead to erroneous conclusions of ...
... relative value of large clinical trials versus meta - analysis , which is addressed by Berry ( Chap . 3 ) . Equally important , the fixed- effects model underestimates variability and hence may lead to erroneous conclusions of ...
Page 10
... relative treatment effect , or in both . II . COMPLEXITIES ADDRESSED IN THIS VOLUME Difficulties in implementing either the Bayesian or classical paradigm include defining a method for choosing studies , incorporating inconsis- tency ...
... relative treatment effect , or in both . II . COMPLEXITIES ADDRESSED IN THIS VOLUME Difficulties in implementing either the Bayesian or classical paradigm include defining a method for choosing studies , incorporating inconsis- tency ...
Page 15
... relative risk of contracting cancer for estrogen users relative to those who have never used estrogen . Similarly , DuMouchel and Normand ( Chap . 6 ) use a Bayesian hierarchical model to examine the impact of two study - level ...
... relative risk of contracting cancer for estrogen users relative to those who have never used estrogen . Similarly , DuMouchel and Normand ( Chap . 6 ) use a Bayesian hierarchical model to examine the impact of two study - level ...
Page 20
... relative treatment effect . Shrinkage of survival proportions within each treatment group will not give the same answer as shrinking the difference between these two proportions . Most authors chose decision models analogous to ...
... relative treatment effect . Shrinkage of survival proportions within each treatment group will not give the same answer as shrinking the difference between these two proportions . Most authors chose decision models analogous to ...
Page 21
... relative utility of the two treatments , the former is more useful . The former is in units which the decision maker can directly and easily consider , while the latter is not . Using a predictive distribution , the decision maker can ...
... relative utility of the two treatments , the former is more useful . The former is in units which the decision maker can directly and easily consider , while the latter is not . Using a predictive distribution , the decision maker can ...
Contents
1 | |
Metaanalysis of Heterogeneously Reported Study Results A Bayesian Approach | 29 |
Metaanalysis versus Large Trials Resolving the Controversy | 65 |
A Bayesian Metaanalysis of Randomized Megatrials for the Choice of Thrombolytic Agents in Acute Myocardial Infarction | 83 |
Combining Studies with Continuous and Dichotomous Responses A LatentVariables Approach | 105 |
Computermodeling and Graphical Strategies for Metaanalysis | 127 |
Metaanalysis for 2 x 2 Tables with Multiple Treatment Groups | 179 |
A Bayesian Metaanalysis of the Relationship between Duration of Estrogen Exposure and Occurrence of Endometrial Cancer | 191 |
Metaanalysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data | 231 |
Metaanalysis of Individualpatient Survival Data Using Randomeffect Models | 255 |
Adjustment for Publication Bias and Quality Bias in Bayesian Metaanalysis | 277 |
Metaanalysis of Clinical Trials Opportunities and Limitations | 305 |
Research Synthesis for Public Health Policy Experience of the Institute of Medicine | 321 |
Metaanalysis in Practice A Critical Review of Available Software | 359 |
Index | 391 |
Modeling and Implementation Issues in Bayesian Metaanalysis | 205 |
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Common terms and phrases
algorithm assess assume assumption baseline Bayes factors Bayesian analysis Bayesian approach Bayesian meta-analysis Bayesian model Berry binary Biostatistics clinical trials combining committee compared confidence intervals considered control group credible interval denoted Diff discussed drug effect sizes endometrial cancer Epidemiology estimate estrogen evidence example exposure Figure fixed-effect model Gibbs sampling GUSTO-1 Health herbicide heterogeneity hierarchical model included Journal likelihood macros mammography Markov chain meta meta-analysis methods mortality Nonzero Normal Scores number of studies observed odds ratio outcomes overall p-values packages parameters patients pharmacokinetic plot posterior distribution posterior mean presented prior distribution probability publication bias random random-effect model regression relative risk reported Research risk differences sample standard deviation standard errors Stangl Statistics in Medicine study effects study-specific survival t-PA Table therapy tier tion treatment effect treatment group vaccine values variance component zero
Popular passages
Page 103 - The TIMI Study Group. Comparison of invasive and conservative strategies after treatment with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator in acute myocardial infarction: results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) phase II trial.
Page 102 - Fibrinolytic Therapy Trialists' (FTT) Collaborative Group. Indications for fibrinolytic therapy in suspected acute myocardial infarction: collaborative overview of early mortality and major morbidity results from all randomised trials of more than 1000 patients. Lancet 1994; 343:31 1-322.
Page 147 - Rather than seeking an estimator of the classification parameters (the class parameter vectors, 0, and the class probabilities, if), we seek their full posterior probability distribution. The posterior distribution is proportional to the product of the prior distribution of the parameters p(6 , Jr | J) and the likelihood function p(x \ $,i?,J).
Page 103 - Yusuf S, Zucker D, Peduzzi P, et al: Effect of coronary artery bypass graft surgery on survival: overview of 10-year results from randomised trials by the Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Trialists Collaboration.
Page 355 - Relation of soft-tissue sarcoma, malignant lymphoma and colon cancer to phenoxy acids, chlorophenols and other agents. Scand J Work Environ Health 1981; 7:119-130.
Page 230 - Collins R, Peto R, MacMahon S, et al. Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 2: Short-term reductions in blood pressure: Overview of randomised drug trials in their epidemiological context.
Page 102 - The International Study Group: In-hospital mortality and clinical course of 20,891 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction randomized between alteplase and streptokinase with or without heparin. Lancet 1990:336:71-75.
Page 102 - The GUSTO Investigators. An international randomized trial comparing four thrombolytic strategies for acute myocardial infarction.
Page 103 - Impact of an aggressive invasive catheterization and revascularization strategy on mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock in the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO-I) trial: an observational study.
Page 104 - Link between the angiographic substudy and mortality outcomes in a large randomized trial of myocardial reperfusion. Importance of early and complete infarct artery reperfusion GUSTO-I Investigators.