COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS

THOMAS E. MORGAN, Pennsylvania, Chairman

MARIAN A. CZARNECKI, Chief of Staff

SUBCOMMITTEE ON AFRICA

CHARLES C. DIGGS, JR., Michigan, Chairman

EDWARD J. DERWINSKI, Illinois
GUY VANDER JAGT, Michigan
EDWARD G. BIESTER, JR., Pennsylvania
LARRY WINN, JR., Kansas

Mrs. GOLER TEAL BUTCHER, Subcommittee Staff Consultant
JOSEPHINE WEBER, Staff Assistant

CONTENTS

LIST OF WITNESSES

Tuesday, March 20, 1973:

Burns, Thomas, Chief, Special Area Programs Branch, Policy Planning

Division, Department of Commerce....

Page

Hull, Richard, Deputy Assistant for General Counsel, Domestic

International Business, Department of Commerce--

40

35

26

4

Meyer, Rauer H., Director, Office of Export Control, Bureau of East-

West Trade, Department of Commerce..

Oudes, Bruce J. journalist

Thursday, March 22, 1973:

Bader, George W., Regional Director (Africa), Office of the Assistant

Secretary of Defense (International Security Affairs), Department

of Defense._

Booth, William H., judge, Criminal Court, City of New York.

Bowen, Col. Richard Ă., Country Desk Officer, European Region,

Department of Defense...

Cohen, Barry E., Legal Adviser, Office of Assistant General Counsel for
International Affairs, Office of the Secretary of Defense, Depart-
ment of Defense..

Davis, Jennifer, Economist and Research Director, American Com-
mittee on Africa..

Noyes, James H., Deputy Assistant Secretary for Defense for Near
Eastern, African, and South Asian Affairs, Department of Defense.
Friday, April 6, 1973:

Newsom, David D., Assistant Secretary for African Affairs, Depart-
ment of State___.

STATEMENTS AND MEMORANDUMS SUBMITTED

FOR THE RECORD

Letter from Chairman Diggs to Frederick B. Dent, Department of Com-
merce asking for a witness to testify at hearing-

Text of 5 U.S.C. 552 (Freedom of Information Act).

Excerpt from "Promises to Keep" by Chester Bowles, pp. 428-29.

Excerpt from "The Conduct and Misconduct of Foreign Affairs" by

Charles Woodruff Yost, pp. 133–34.............

"In Washington" column from "Africa Report," November-December

1972 entitled "Sacred Cows and Silver Linings" by Bruce J. Oudes--

"In Washington" column from "Africa Report," January-February 1973
entitled "Clark MacGregor's Vacation: 'Different' Might be an Under-
statement" by Bruce J. Oudes__

"In Washington" column from "Africa Report," March-April 1973 entitled

"Nigeria, Humphrey, and the Chrome Caper" by Bruce J. Oudes.----

Table showing aircraft and helicopter licenses and reexport authorizations
issues to Portugese territories in Africa during 1972 and 1973 (as of
March 15) as submitted by the Department of Commerce__

Statement submitted by the Department of Commerce on extent to which,

in the consideration of the license control list, the State Department was

overruled by the Department of Commerce_

Table on exports to South Africa of communications equipment (1967-72)

as submitted by the Department of Commerce..

Table showing aircraft exports to South Africa (1967-72) as submitted by

the Department of Commerce__

45

47

Statement of the Department of Commerce concerning approvals of
licenses for exports of aircraft and helicopters to Angola and Mozambique
for the period January 1965 to April 1973__

Statement of the Department of Commerce concerning spot checks of
licensing records for 1972 and up to April 1973..
Statement of the Department of Commerce concerning procedures of
export licensing to Portugal and the African territories..

Table showing exports of aircraft and helicopters to Angola and Mozam-
bique (1963-72) as submitted by the Department of Commerce_
Statement of the Department of Commerce concerning guidelines of
operation of export controls licensing---.

Statement of the Department of Commerce concerning changes in the guidelines for licensing since 1970---

Page

50

51

52

52

53

55

Table showing exports to South Africa of communications equipment (1969-72) as submitted by the Department of Commerce_

Table showing aircraft exports to South Africa and Portugal (1965–72) as
submitted by the Department of Commerce_

Table showing exports of herbicides to Angola, Mozambique, Portugal and
South Africa by dollar value (1969-72) -

Statement by the Department of Commerce concerning herbicidal equip-
ment, training, advice, or other assistance on the use of herbicides
supplied to Portugal by the United States___

Statement by the Department of Commerce concerning export licenses issued for export of herbicides to Communist countries.

Statement by the Department of Commerce concerning restrictions on the export to South Africa or Portugal of unclassified films....

Statement by the Department of Commerce concerning export licensing of herbicides Picloram and Cacodylic_

Statement by the Department of Commerce concerning export licensing for civilian-type aircraft_

Statement by the Department of Commerce concerning procedures in enforcing the arms embargo..

Letter from Chairman Diggs to Secretary of Defense Richardson asking
for a witness to testify at hearing...

Table of U.S. exports of herbicides to African countries and Portugal.
List of training provided for Portuguese military in period fiscal years
1968-72 inclusive, as submitted by the Department of Defense---
List of trips by U.S. military personnel to Portuguese Africa territories
during period of 1968-72 inclusive, as submitted by the Department
of Defense..

List of films sold by General Services Administration to Portugal, South
Africa, and Rhodesia from 1968 to 1972 and present, as submitted by
the Department of Defense__

List of defense articles and services purchased by Portugal since the em-
bargo, as submitted by the Department of Defense----
Statement of the Department of Defense concerning assistance for Portu-
gal under the Azores agreement. -

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning items supplied to South Africa since the enactment of the Foreign Military Sales Act in 1968.

Statement by the Department of Defense concerning authority of the Foreign Military Sales Act relating to transactions with the Government of South Africa____

Table of articles and services provided to South Africa since embargo, as submitted by the Department of Defense.......

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning the provision of
military aid to Portugal under the Foreign Assistance Act..
White House memorandum (Presidential Determination No. 73-9) to the
Secretary of State concerning section 614(a)-Portugal..

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning U.S. Air Force and
NASA tracking stations

94

95

96

96

97

98

98

99

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning Presidential Deter-
mination 62-15 which deals with Portugal's eligibility for military
assistance under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961..
Statement of the Department of Defense concerning commercial sales of
nonmilitary aircraft to South Africa__.

100

102

Page

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning U.S. military assistance for West European countries__

105

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning port calls made by the
Navy to South Africa and Portugal____

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning U.S. visas for
Portuguese military students___
Statement of the Department of Defense concerning Portuguese armed
forces who have received training in the United States or abroad by,
with, in cooperation with, or through the facilities of the U.S. Govern-
ment during the period of fiscal years 1968 through 1973..
Statement of the Department of Defense concerning Portuguese counter-
insurgency schools..

106

107

107

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning guidelines for Defense attachés in South Africa and Portugal...........

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning Portuguese manufactures of herbicides___

Table showing the rate of pay received by black laborers as compared with
the whites employed at the Air Force tracking station in South Africa,
as submitted by the Department of Defense..
Statement of the Department of Defense on the number of employees
which Pan Am sent to the tracking station since 1961.--
Statement by the Department of Defense on use by South African Post
Office Department of U.S. Air Force tracking station in South Africa__
Table showing goods and services provided to South Africa under contracts
preexisting arms embargo, as submitted by the Department of Defense--
Statement of the Department of Defense concerning the language pertain-
ing to arms transfers to Portugal__

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning Portuguese manu-
factured G-3 rifles__

Article from the Star, "Cactus Contract: Tests First," July 15, 1972. Statement of the Department of Defense concerning visits by Department of Defense and U.S. military personnel to South Africa.

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning the Seychelles tracking station

109

110

111

111

112

113

117

117

118

118

123

125

Article from the Daily Telegraph,
Current?" February 2, 1973.

Cabora-Bassa: Who Will Breast the

125

Statement of the Department of Defense concerning "preexisting contracts" on defense articles and services.

131

Table showing sales of C-130 aircraft spare parts, as submitted by the
Department of Defense (in consultation with the Department of State) -
Statement of the Department of State concerning NATO geographic
jurisdiction__.

132

133

Statement concerning section 414 of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as submitted by the Department of Defense__.

133

Statement concerning former inhabitants on Diego Garcia, as submitted by the Department of Defense.

134

Statement concerning the South African Council for Scientific and Indus-
trial Research, as submitted by the Department of Defense...
Letter from Chairman Diggs to Marshall Wright, Acting Assistant Secre-
tary of State for Congressional Relations, asking for a witness to testify
at hearing. -

136

138

List of transactions approved under the preexisting contracts exception to the embargo, as submitted by the Department of State _ _

List of actions taken on license applications considered to be in gray areas in the years 1967 through 1972.

Table showing amount of Export-Import Bank loans and guarantees made available since the agreement, as submitted by the Department of State Statement of the Department of State concerning countries which supply arms to South Africa__.

144

145

150

151-152

Table showing Export-Import Bank support for aircraft exports to Mozambique...

155

Statement of the Department of State concerning the implementation of its responsibilities under the Foreign Military Sales Act.

158

Statement of the Department of State concerning South Africa's refusal to sign the nuclear proliferation treaty.

160

Letter to Secretary of State Rogers from William P. Thompson, of the
United Presbyterian Church___

161

APPENDIX

1. Letter to the President on U.S. embargoes in southern Africa from Bruce J. Oudes requesting information under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552..

2. Excerpt from "Jane's All the World's Aircraft," edited by John W. R.
Taylor, pages 366-369-

3. Excerpt from "Jane's All the World's Aircraft,"
pages 48-49.
4. Excerpt from "Jane's All the World's Aircraft," pages 332-333-
5. Lists supplied by the Department of Commerce on changes in vali-
dated license lists in the past 6 years. - -

6. Summary of recent articles appearing in Portuguese press on events
taking place in Angola, Mozambique, and Portugal, submitted by
Mrs. Davis___

7. Article from Sunday Times (United Kingdom) entitled "Portugal Wages Chemical War To Starve Rebels, July 9, 1972, submitted by Mrs. Davis..

8. Report of the signing of a contract between DETA and another Mozambiquan commercial airline company and the military to perform services for the army, submitted by Mrs. Davis__

9. Article from South African Financial Gazette entitled "Bierman
Warns of Dangers Facing South Africa," December 15, 1972, sub-
mitted by Mrs. Davis..

10. Secret report by Dr. Afonso Mendes on forced labor and other aspects of
the position in the so-called Portuguese colonies__.
11. "The Cape Route and the Indian Ocean," a report by Barbara Rogers
(1973)

12. Speech entitled "U.S.-African Interests: A Frank Appraisal," by
David D. Newsom, Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs,
made before the Royal Commonwealth Society in London, England,
March 14, 1973...

13. Text of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1819 (1962)
14. Text of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1742 (1962)
15. Text of United Nations Security Council Resolution 322 (1972).
16. Text of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1881 (1963).
17. Statement by Ambassador Adlai E. Stevenson, U.S. Representative,
in the Security Council, on the Portuguese Territories (U.S. Mission
to the United Nations: Press release No. 4230, July 26, 1963)_.
18. Statement by Ambassador Adlai E. Stevenson, U.S. Representative,
in the Security Council, in explanation of vote on the Portuguese
territories resolution (U.S. Mission to the United Nations: Press
release No. 4232, July 31, 1963) ----

19. Statement by Ambassador Adlai E. Stevenson, U.S. Representative,
in the Security Council, on the South African question (U.S. Mission
to the United Nations: Press release No. 4233, August 2, 1963)---
20. Statement by Ambassador Adlai E. Stevenson, U.S. Representative,
in the Security Council, on the question of apartheid in South
Africa (U.S. Mission to the United Nations: Press release No. 4328,
December 4, 1963) -

21. Breakdown of United States aid to Portugal (1946-72)..

22. Letter dated August 2, 1973, to Chairman Diggs from Secretary of
Commerce Dent concerning delivery of 3 Boeing Model 720 aircraft
and spare parts to Southern Rhodesia..

23. Text of Foreign Military Sales Act, as amended, 1968-
24. Text of Executive Order 1 1501, as amended, December 22, 1969
25. Speech by Bruce J. Oudes to the African Studies Association on No-
vember 10, 1972, "Observations on America's Policy Problems in
Southern Africa".

26. Table of export license applications rejected for Mozambique_and
South Africa (1965-72) as submitted by the Department of Com-

merce_

27. Covering letter from Rauer E. Meyer, Department of Commerce and special condensed congressional report on export licensing to Portugal and related countries (export license approvals) together with three sample pages from the 396-page printout originally submitted. 28. Article from the Observer (London) August 12, 1973 "U.S. Trains Lisbon's Pilots" by Bruce J. Oudes....

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