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section 111(b) (3) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended, but shall exclude informational media guaranties.

and

(d) Any payments made to discharge liabilities under guaranties issued under section 221(b) of this part, sections 202(b) and 413(b)(4) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, and section 111(b) (3) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended (exclusive of informational media guaranties), shall be paid first out of funds specifically reserved for such payment pursuant to the proviso to the second sentence of section 222 (e), thereafter shall be paid out of fees referred to in section 222(b) as long as such fees are available, and thereafter shall be paid out of funds, if any, realized from the sale of currencies or other assets acquired in connection with any such guaranties as long as such funds are available, and finally shall be paid out of funds realized from the sale of notes issued under section 413(b) (4) (F) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, and section 111 (c) (2) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended.

(e) All guaranties issued prior to July 1, 1956 (exclusive of informational media guaranties), all guaranties issued under section 202(b) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, may be considered, and all other guaranties shall be considered for the purposes of section 3679 (31 U.S.C. 665) and section 3732 (41 U.S.C. 11) of the Revised Statutes, as amended, as obligations only to the extent of the probable ultimate net cost to the United States Government of all outstanding guaranties. Funds obligated in connection with guaranties issued under section 221(b) of this part, sections 202(b) and 413(b)(4) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, and section 111(b) (3) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended (exclusive of informational media guaranties), shall constitute a single reserve, together with funds available for obligation hereunder but not yet obligated, for the payment of claims under all guaranties issued under such sections: Provided, That funds obligated in connection with guaranties issued prior to July 1, 1956, and guaranties issued under section 202(b) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, shall not, without the consent of the investor, be available for the payment of claims arising under any other guaranties. Funds available for obligation hereunder shall be decreased by the amount of any payments made to discharge liabilities, or to meet management and custodial costs incurred with respect to assets acquired, under guaranties issued pursuant to section 221(b) of this part, sections 202(b) and 413(b)(4) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, as amended, and section 111(b) (3) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended (exclusive of informational media guaranties), and shall be increased by the amount obligated for guaranties as to which all liability of the United States Government has been terminated, and by the amount of funds realized from the sale of currencies or other assets acquired in connection with any payments made to discharge liabilities, and the amount of fees collected, under guaranties issued pursuant to such sections (exclusive of informational media guaranties). SEC. 223. DEFINITIONS. As used in this title

(a) the term "investment" includes any contribution of capital commodities, services, patents, processes, or techniques in the form of (1) a loan or loans to an approved project, (2) the purchase of a share of ownership in any such project, (3) participation in royalties, earnings, or profits of any such project, and (4) the furnishing of capital commodities and related services pursuant to a contract providing for payment in whole or in part after the end of the fiscal year in which the guaranty of such investment is made; and

22 USC 1509.

22 USC 1872, 1933.

Infra.

73 Stat. 251. 22 USC 1933.

(b) the term "expropriation" includes but is not limited to any abrogation, repudiation, or impairment by a foreign government of its own contract with an investor, where such abrogation, repudiation, or impairment is not caused by the investor's own fault or misconduct, and materially adversely affects the continued operation of the project.

SEC. 224. HOUSING PROJECTS IN LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES.-(a) It is the sense of the Congress that in order to stimulate private homeownership and assist in the development of stable economies, the authority conferred by this title should be utilized for the purpose of assisting in the development in the American Republics of selfliquidating pilot housing projects designed to provide experience in rapidly developing countries by participating with such countries in guaranteeing private United States capital available for investment in Latin American countries for the purposes set forth herein.

(b) In order to carry out the purposes set forth in subsection (a), the President is authorized to issue guaranties assuring against the risks of loss specified in paragraph 221(b) (2) of investments made by United States citizens, or corporations, partnerships, or other associations created under the law of the United States or of any State or territory and substantially beneficially owned by United States citizens in pilot or demonstration private housing projects in Latin America of types similar to those insured by the Federal Housing Administration and suitable for conditions in Latin America. The total face amount of guaranties issued under this section outstanding at any one time shall not exceed $10,000,000. (c) The provisions of section 222 (a), (b), (d), and (e) shall be applicable to guaranties issued under this section in the same manner and to the same extent as they apply to guaranties issued under section 221 (b) (2).

TITLE IV-SURVEYS OF INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES

SEC. 231. GENERAL AUTHORITY.-(a) In order to encourage and promote the undertaking by private enterprise of surveys of investment opportunities, other than surveys of extraction opportunities, in less developed friendly countries and areas, the President is authorized to participate in the financing of such surveys undertaken by any person on such terms and conditions as he may determine: Provided, That his participation shall not exceed 50 per centum of the total cost of any such survey. The making of each such survey shall be approved by the President.

(b) In the event that a person who has undertaken a survey in accordance with this title determines, within a period of time to be determined by the President, not to undertake, directly or indirectly, the investment opportunity surveyed, such person shall turn over to the President a professionally acceptable technical report with respect to all matters explored. Such report shall become the property of the United States Government, and the United States Government shall be entitled to have access to, and obtain copies of, all underlying correspondence, memorandums, working papers, documents, and other materials in connection with the survey.

SEC. 232. AUTHORIZATION.-There is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the President for use beginning in the fiscal year 1962 to carry out the purposes of this title not to exceed $5,000,000, which shall remain available until expended.

SEC. 233. DEFINITIONS.-As used in this title

(a) the term "person" means a citizen of the United States or any corporation, partnership, or other association substantially beneficially owned by United States citizens; and

(b) the term "survey of extraction opportunities" means any survey directed (i) to ascertaining the existence, location, extent, or quality of any deposit of ore, oil, gas, or other mineral, or (ii) to determining the feasibility of undertaking operations for the mining or other extraction of any such mineral or for the processing of any such mineral to the stage of commercial marketability.

TITLE V-DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH

SEC. 241. GENERAL AUTHORITY.-The President is authorized to use funds made available for this part to carry out programs of research into, and evaluation of, the process of economic development in less developed friendly countries and areas, into the factors affecting the relative success and costs of development activities, and into the means, techniques, and such other aspects of development assistance as he may determine, in order to render such assistance of increasing value and benefit.

CHAPTER 3-INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS

SEC. 301. GENERAL AUTHORITY.-(a) When he determines it to be in the national interest, the President is authorized to make voluntary contributions on a grant basis to international organizations and to programs administered by such organizations on such terms and conditions as he may determine, in order to further the purposes of this part.

(b) Contributions to the United Nations Expanded Program of Technical Assistance and the United Nations Special Fund for the calendar years succeeding 1961 may not exceed forty per centum of the total amount contributed for such purpose (including assessed and audited local costs) for each such year.

(c) In_determining whether or not to continue furnishing assistance for Palestine refugees in the Near East through contributions to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, the President shall take into account (1) whether Israel and the Arab host governments are taking steps toward the resettlement and repatriation of such refugees, and (2) the extent and success of efforts by the Agency and the Arab host governments to rectify the Palestine refugee relief rolls.

SEC. 302. AUTHORIZATION.-There is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the President for use, in addition to funds available under any other Act for such purposes, for the fiscal year 1962 to carry out the purposes of this chapter not to exceed $153,500,000.

SEC. 303. INDUS BASIN DEVELOPMENT.-In the event that funds made available under this Act (other than part II) are used by or under the supervision of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development in furtherance of the development of the Indus Basin through the program of cooperation among South Asian and other countries of the free world, which is designed to promote economic growth and political stability in South Asia, such funds may be used in accordance with requirements, standards, or procedures established by the Bank concerning completion of plans and cost estimates and determination of feasibility, rather than with requirements, standards, or procedures concerning such matters set forth in this or other Acts; and such funds may also be used without regard to the provisions of section 901 (b) of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, as amended (46 U.S.C. 1241), whenever the President determines that such provisions cannot be fully satisfied without seriously impeding

Voluntary contributions.

Limitation.

Palestine refu

gees.

68 Stat. 832; 70 Stat. 187.

Information to congressional committee s.

International Peace and Security Act of 1961.

or preventing accomplishment of the purposes of such programs: Provided, That compensating allowances are made in the administration of other programs to the same or other areas to which the requirements of said section 901 (b) are applicable.

CHAPTER 4-SUPPORTING ASSISTANCE

SEC. 401. GENERAL AUTHORITY.-The President is authorized to furnish assistance to friendly countries, organizations, and bodies eligible to receive assistance under this part on such terms and conditions as he may determine, in order to support or promote economic or political stability.

SEC. 402. AUTHORIZATION.-There is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the President for use beginning in the fiscal year 1962 to carry out the purposes of this chapter not to exceed $465,000,000, which shall remain available until expended.

CHAPTER 5-CONTINGENCY FUND

SEC. 451. CONTINGENCY FUND.-(a) There is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the President for the fiscal year 1962 not to exceed $300,000,000 for use by the President for assistance authorized by part I in accordance with the provisions applicable to the furnishing of such assistance, when he determines such use to be important to the national interest.

(b) The President shall keep the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives currently informed of the use of funds under this section.

CHAPTER 6-ASSISTANCE TO COUNTRIES HAVING AGRARIAN
ECONOMIES

SEC. 461. ASSISTANCE TO COUNTRIES HAVING AGRARIAN ECONOMIES. Wherever the President determines that the economy of any country is in major part an agrarian economy, emphasis shall be placed on programs which reach the people in such country who are engaged in agrarian pursuits or who live in the villages or rural areas in such country, including programs which will assist them in the establishment of indigenous cottage industries, in the improvement of agricultural methods and techniques, and which will encourage the development of local programs of self-help and mutual cooperation.

PART II

CHAPTER 1-SHORT TITLE AND POLICY

SEC. 501. SHORT TITLE.-This part may be cited as the "International Peace and Security Act of 1961".

SEC. 502. STATEMENT OF POLICY.-The Congress of the United States reaffirms the policy of the United States to achieve international peace and security through the United Nations so that armed force shall not be used except for individual or collective self-defense. The Congress hereby finds that the efforts of the United States and other friendly countries to promote peace and security continue to require measures of support based upon the principle of effective self-help and mutual aid. It is the purpose of this part to authorize measures in the common defense against internal and external aggression, including Military assist the furnishing of military assistance, upon request, to friendly coun

ance.

tries and international organizations. In furnishing such military

assistance, it remains the policy of the United States to continue to exert maximum efforts to achieve universal control of weapons of mass destruction and universal regulation and reduction of armaments, including armed forces, under adequate safeguards to protect complying countries against violation and evasion.

The Congress recognizes that the peace of the world and the security of the United States are endangered so long as international communism and the countries it controls continue by threat of military action, by the use of economic pressure, and by internal subversion, or other means to attempt to bring under their domination peoples now free and independent and continue to deny the rights of freedom and self-government to peoples and countries once free but now subject to such domination.

It is the sense of the Congress that an important contribution toward peace would be made by the establishment under the Organization of American States of an international military force.

In enacting this legislation, it is therefore the intention of the Congress to promote the peace of the world and the foreign policy, security, and general welfare of the United States by fostering an improved climate of political independence and individual liberty, improving the ability of friendly countries and international organizations to deter or, if necessary, defeat Communist or Communist-supported aggression, facilitating arrangements for individual and collective security, assisting friendly countries to maintain internal security, and creating an environment of security and stability in the developing friendly countries essential to their more rapid social, economic, and political progress. The Congress urges that all other countries able to contribute join in a common undertaking to meet the goals stated in this part.

Finally, the Congress reaffirms its full support of the progress of the members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization toward increased cooperation in political, military, and economic affairs. In particular, the Congress welcomes the steps which have been taken to promote multilateral programs of coordinated procurement, research, development, and production of defense articles and urges that such programs be expanded to the fullest extent possible to further the defense of the North Atlantic Area.

CHAPTER 2-MILITARY ASSISTANCE

SEC. 503. GENERAL AUTHORITY.-The President is authorized to furnish military assistance on such terms and conditions as he may determine, to any friendly country or international organization, the assisting of which the President finds will strengthen the security of the United States and promote world peace and which is otherwise eligible to receive such assistance, by

(a) acquiring from any source and providing (by loan, lease, sale, exchange, grant, or any other means) any defense article or defense service;

(b) making financial contributions to multilateral programs for the acquisition or construction of facilities in foreign countries for collective defense;

(c) providing financial assistance for expenses incident to participation by the United States Government in regional or collective defense organizations; and

(d) assigning or detailing members of the Armed Forces of the United States and other personnel of the Department of Defense to perform duties of a noncombatant nature, including those related to training or advice.

International military force.

Congressional

intent.

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