finally you get back a program that is so full of special conditions that you do not even recognize your own program that you sent in.

I think this is something that we have to deal with and somehow restructure the OEO program.

What is happening is that you are asking the poor people to give you their ideas in the OEO program and the OEO officials judge these needs by a middle-class standard and then they say you can have your money on these conditions.

As a result, the job is not being done. Again I think, as Reverend Abernathy said, this is a start. But it is not enough because whatever money that is available in the OEO program, just a bit of this I think is coming to the rural areas. These are just as important, I think, as the big cities.

But at the same time, what is happening is that there are riots in the big cities and there aren't riots in the reservations.

Some have said, some of my Indian people have said, this is not the Indian way to demonstrate. We do have our treaties, we can negotiate, but I think the Indian people have negotiated and I think now it is up to us probably to begin to make our voices heard.

Because too long we have said we will get along. Somehow we do have our treaties but I think we have finally realized that these treaties are not any good.

As citizens, and I guess we have been citizens only a few years, although we owned the land at one time, today we have very little and I think what we are asking for is more.

We are asking, probably demanding we are not begging.

Senator CLARK. Thank you very much.

Mr. LEE. Thank you, Mr. Charlo.

Our next statement will come from Mrs. Lilly May Brooks from Senator Eastland's county, Sunflower, Miss.

STATEMENT OF MRS. LILLY MAY BROOKS, SUNFLOWER CITY, SUNFLOWER COUNTY, MISS.

Mrs. BROOKS. I would like to say my name is Mrs. Lilly May Brooks. I live in Sunflower City in Sunflower County, not far from Mr. Eastland's farm in Mississippi.

I would like to say that Mr. Eastland is not representing the poor white and poor colored people in Mississippi. He is representing the big class of people.

In Mississippi, we live in houses, some of them not fit to live in; not fit to put chickens in.

We have food stamps. They told us they were not going to give us money to pay the grocery bills. When we go ask for it they say we don't have any money.

I ask him what are they doing with the food stamps. One person $50 a month. They will tell you to pay $40 or $45 or $60 and still keep the children in school.

That is not enough to feed two kids 2 weeks. I would like to say to you and the whole United States we are tired of begging.

We have worked all our lives. I am representing Mississippi. I want the whole United States to know we worked for it.

We have not received it yet but we are going to demand it now. We are tired of begging.

We are not satisfied. We won't be until our demands are met. We are going to stay in Washington, D.C., until something is done if it takes all of 1968 or 1969 or 1970 because we are tired of working and no pay and then somebody else gets rich.

Those people in those shacks, we want them housed in decent homes and with decent food. We are not able to buy the food stamps. We want them free.

We are not going to take any more. We are tired. We are tired of it.

Senator CLARK. Madam, your 5 minutes are up.

Mrs. BROOKS. Thank you.

Senator JAVITS. May I say, Mr. Chairman, that the 5 minutes was very eloquent. I thank Mrs. Brooks for appearing. We will do our

utmost.

We are only men, too. We will do our best to see that promises do come to an end and performance does begin.

Mr. LEE. Thank you very much.

Our next statement will come from Mrs. Phyllis Robinson from Providence, R.I.

STATEMENT OF MRS. PHYLLIS ROBINSON, PROVIDENCE, R.I.

Mrs. ROBINSON. Dr. Martin Luther King died in pursuit of social and economic justice for all. His last month was spent in the development of the Poor People's Campaign to ease the desperate problems of poor people of all races.

Frequently he spoke of a guaranteed annual income as one of our country's most urgent needs.

He took special interest in the plight of the ghetto and has been giving us strong support and assistance in the building of our organization.

Those who truly support the ideal for which Martin Luther King fought and died must face an underlying problem of inequality and injustice in our society.

The National Welfare Rights Organization presents its proposals which speak to some of our concerns as poor people, in the hope that serious attention will be given to these issues.

They are offered as a beginning towards building of a fitting memorial to Dr. Martin Luther King, a society of liberty and justice for all.

One, repeal of the welfare section of the 1967 Social Security Amendments, Public Law 90-248 of the welfare law.

This law is the most regressive and racist piece of social legislation in the history of the country. Directly or indirectly it affects the majority of residents of the ghettos of our country.

The freeze on Federal funds for millions of needy children who are desperately poor but presently receiving no public assistance will only worsen an already tragic situation.

It forces mothers to leave their children to work or undergo training or be cut off of welfare or have their children taken away.

It seriously increases the problem of aid to children of unemployed fathers. It encourages the welfare department to intimidate poor people.

Two, a national guaranteed minimum income of $4,000 for every American family; $4,000 per year for a family of four, would be a minimum to raise families out of poverty. The guaranteed minimum income should also (a) provide annual cost of living adjustments, (b) be administered by a special affidavit similar to the income tax, (c) include a work incentive for families to keep all earnings up to 25 percent of the guaranteed minimum income in some portion of additional earnings.

Three, Federal funds for immediate creation of at least 3 million jobs for men. There is a desperate need for jobs in the ghettos for men to permit them to assume normal roles as breadwinners and heads of families.

These people desire dignity, with jobs comes dignity.

These job programs should focus on building quickly needed lowincome housing and community facilities in the ghettos; (b) contribute manpower to extend vital human services such as housing, care, education, and community organization; (c) give first preference to contracts with organizations controlled by poor people.

In other words, we are saying don't send money to the political powers all the time. Think about the poor.

We are intelligent in the ghettos, too.

Thank you, Senator.

Senator CLARK. Thank you very much.
Mr. LEE. Thank you very much.

I would like to say to the chairman of this committee and to the members present that we certainly are thankful that you allowed us to appear before you today, for so often before your committees you hear only testimony which is very eloquent and very well put together from what is called the leadership only of poor people in this country. What we have tried to do today is to let you hear from those who are in a state of destitution, themselves. For that we appreciate your time and all that went in to make this possible.

Now, Senator Clark, all the members that we brought with us for this purpose have testified. We are thankful that their testimony is in your official records. There are two members present at this table with me that have asked to speak.

I know one of the gentlemen, I do not know the other. Mr. Ray Robinson whom Senator Murphy, before he left, addressed one or two questions to, and on the end is Prof. Sidney Peck from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio.

These gentlemen have asked me to give them an opportunity to speak but I was left here by Reverend Abernathy for a task.

I have performed that task. I would direct them to you as chairman of the subcommittee.

Senator CLARK. Now the Chair will rule that these gentlemen will be given an opportunity to be heard briefly, 5 minutes each. The Senate is already in session. We are going to have to adjourn within the near future.

But the Chair does not wish to cut anybody off who desires to come here to say a few words.

I would like to ask the gentleman on your left to identify himself by name and address.

STATEMENT OF RAY ROBINSON, JR., CHICAGO, ILL.

Mr. ROBINSON. My name is Ray Robinson, Jr.

Senator CLARK. Where are you from?

Mr. ROBINSON. I was born and raised right here in Washington, D.C. Senator CLARK. Where are you living now?

Mr. ROBINSON. I am living in Chicago.

Senator CLARK. Do you have a job?

Mr. ROBINSON. Do I have a job?

Senator CLARK. Yes.

Mr. ROBINSON. Yes, I have a job. Communications business. Senator CLARK. Will you tell us what you would like to have us hear in your own way.

Mr. ROBINSON. I am not here to talk about no pain because I think you have heard enough of that today. I think I am sick and tired of hearing pain, myself.

I have to say it like it is. We say tell it like it is. Very simple. You see, I did not come to Washington

Mr. LEE. Before Mr. Robinson begins, Mr. Chairman, Reverend Abernathy and some other members of our party went to see the Senate leadership, some of the Senate leadership, and we would like to take these people to see Senators Dirksen and Long.

Senator CLARK. You go along. We will stay here with Mr. Robinson and the other gentleman.

Mr. ROBINSON. I tell you what I come here for. I come here to preach a funeral, just that simple. One of the men asked, "What do you mean by preaching a funeral?" I don't want anybody to preach mine after I am dead. I prefer it while I am living.

A lot of people haven't been heard yet. The reason they have not been heard is because they don't come under the structure that the majority of you gentlemen sitting up there come under or the majority of the people in this country.

I will say now I am going to talk and tell it like it is, the way I feel it. That is the way I feel it. I don't know if you will understand, so, I am going to tell it to you.

No more pain, baby. No more pain. I just got back from Germany, Berlin. I hitchhiked overseas, too. I have seen quite a bit over there. Senator Murphy asked me about picking fruit. Yes, I picked fruit but I don't want to talk about the pain of picking no fruit.

What I have found out, sir, you guys cannot solve this problem. You guys are the problem. We could have done it.

I am not interested in integration. I am interested in communications. You can get all the integration you want after that.

But you see, all my life I have been trying to be like you. No good. I am going to be myself. I will not try to talk like you, act like you, and deny myself, myself.

I know who I am. I know where I am going. I have dignity, too. I do not have to prove my manhood. That is what I see is going on now. Right now young people all over this world, and I am representing the young people right now in Washington, too, over 10,000 youth, when the word is said, baby, it will go.

So the thing is, nobody is scared anymore. I have taken my oath. Do or die. I am not trying to scare you or scare anyone. I want to see what you are going to do. I want to see where your heart is at because I know you can't solve it.

You have had it too long. As a matter of fact, you are the problem. We all are the problem. If you people are interested in doing something besides listening to a bunch of pain, we can do something. You notice I said we. But you may have to change your course this time.

You know what kind of situation your country has been in since I have been back? I got back here April 16. They called them riots. They were not riots. They were rebellions.

You have not had a riot in this country yet. So I think what I am trying to tell you, you, you, you, listen to all that pain, about two people who were buried in the ground in New York.

Uhuh, baby, those people are buried. I seen one of the worse things in the world, sensationalism this morning, in the Washington Post newspaper. A soldier being buried alive. Man, this is coldblooded. Sensationalism.

What we are trying to say, let us bring some joy to the world now instead of pain. I am not saying I am a big national leader. All I want to say is bring some sanity here. I am not afraid. I told you now I have paid my dues. I worked along with Dr. King. I worked along with Jimmy Lanson, Malcolm X, everybody I worked along with.

One thing, I listened to everybody. I am nonviolent until you put your hand on me.

If you want to sit up there and listen to some pain we will do that. One thing is, you may have to step back now and take a look because I went out of the country and took a look into it.

I will not tell you any more. I will give you my address and phone number. You can get in touch with me.

Senator CLARK. You leave your name and phone number and write

me.

I thank you for coming in.

Mr. ROBINSON. I will give it right now.

Senator CLARK. If you don't mind, please step aside and let the other gentleman testify.

Now, sir, you move behind the mike and give us your name and address and occupation, please.

STATEMENT OF SIDNEY PECK, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF INDUSTRIAL SOCIOLOGY, CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY, CLEVELAND, OHIO

Mr. PECK. I am Dr. Sidney Peck. I am associate professor of industrial sociology at Cleveland, Ohio, Case Western Reserve University. I am here as one of the committee of 100. I was invited to come by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to participate in these hearings and meetings with Cabinet members and congressional persons and committees of Congress.

I had not in any way intended to speak or to testify here at this subcommittee hearing. But I asked to do so after listening to the comments from the poor people.

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