tracted to twenty-two days; that of the chrysalis to eleven; and the moths, in one day, laying their eggs and dying, which again become worms in six days; it is the general practice. the silk worm than any other writer, recommends a in a great measure, on not crowding them too much. particular style of house, which, in compliment to In the first age, 40,000 worms will require a space him, has been called by the Italians a Dondoliere. of seven feet four inches square; and in the fifth, This establishment has ventilators placed in every one hundred and eighty-three feet square, and the part of large rooms, allowing perfect access to the intermediate ages in proportion. When the cocoon is perfectly completed, besides air, and at the same time a fire is kept burning to When the spinning season arrives, a large, green, selecting the seed balls; those fit for reeling and promote circulation and give out heat. When the watery dejection closes the digestive process, and other purposes, must be separated from each other. air becomes confined and heavy, and a change is the animals prepare to climb. Many schemes have There are a variety of colours in the cocoon; necessary, a combination of nitre and oil of vitriol been tried to compel them to perform this act com- as white, orange, fawn and green; but they are litis placed in different parts, and the fumes given out pletely; and if care is taken to prevent stagnation tle regarded, though the white is considered the produce an excellent effect on the oppressed ani- of air around them, there will be little difficulty. finest, and orange the strongest. There is a variety mals. By an association of injurious causes, the The fumigation, formerly described, generally an of the animal much esteemed but little known, that worms may become sick, and die. For these com- swers as a stimulant to the performance of this ope- spins a thread uniformly white. Silk from high siplaints the French and Italians give names, expres-ration. They are very choice in the articles they tuations is always preferred, from the greater visive of the colour produced on the animal, and will spin upon, positively refusing to work upon gour of the animal and quality of the food. other effects; as, Segno or Rouge, Negrone, Gial pine or cedar branches. In China, and India gene- There are several kinds and qualities of the balls. lume, Jaune or Jaundice, Calcinaccia, &c. all of rally, cane, with all the twigs attached, is preferred; First, the Good cocoon; which are strong and firm; which are fully described by authors, and may gen- or bamboo, split and made into small boxes. In nearly equally round at each end; not too pointed, erally be removed by a change of air, food, &c.- this country, oak branches, sixteen or eighteen or large, and of a uniform colour. There is also a The exuvia, or discarded skin, will sometimes stick inches in height, with the leaves slightly thinned second kind of good cocoon, called the Calcined, or near the tail, and the animal will die if not relieved; and dried, answer every purpose. They should be Dragee; in which the animal has died and been rethis is easily remedied by pulling it gently off. stuck in rows on each side of the worms, rather induced to a powder. These may be known by the All our labour, however, will be lost, unless the clined over them, so that if any fall they will be sound and lightness, and bring, in some parts of food be of the right kind, and administered in a received by the stand. Some worms will not ascend Italy, one half more price than any other, a given particular manner. It is the leaves, alone, of the at all, and if placed on the bushes, will not spin a weight of balls (and they are always sold by weight) mulberry, that are eaten, and they should be per- cocoon, but waste their silk on every thing they producing double the usual quantity of spun silk. fectly free from damp. When large quantities are touch. Mr. Alexander, of this city, has taken ad- The third, or Choquette, is also of good quality, but used, this is a troublesome operation, particularly vantage of this erratic disposition, by placing them the animal becoming diseased before he has finished in wet weather. The leaves must never be collect on the frames of China fans, over which they have his ball, it will often furze. In these, no sound is ed by persons whose hands are unclean, or after spread a web of the most beautiful appearance, and produced on shaking, the insect sticking to the side handling onions or tobacco. The twigs can be cut forming a perfect fan. These wanderers, though of the ball. Next, and fourthly, is the Cacolon, off, but the large branches, if removed, would in- they form no shelter for themselves, pass through which is much larger than the Good, but not so projure the tree, and the leaves, instead of being strip- all the metamorphoses of their more provident kin-ductive, the thread being loose and soft, and the ped off and mashed, must be carefully broken.—dred. ball itself flabby and ill-shaped. The fifth is the They should be carried loosely in a bag, and if wet Dupion, or double cocoon; from two worms having by dew or rain, spread on a brick or earthen floor, spun together and interlaced their thread, so that it and shook well with a large wooden fork, or wrap is reeled with great difficulty. These are often kept ped up in a sheet and shook about. A fire may also for seed. The sixth is the Soufflon, and is like a be made in the room, to assist in the drying. If thin net, the animal being seen distinctly through wet weather continues several days, a supply should the covering. These cannot be wound. The sebe kept on hand, to prevent the animals from sufventh is the Pointed, where the ends of the ball are fering by the delay of preparing the leaves. so prolonged that they break off in reeling. The eighth is the Bad Choquette, which is spotted from the death and putrefaction of the nymph. The seed is called the Royal cocoon, and after the fly has escaped, it becomes the Perforated. In China, they are fed for the first few days, thir ty or forty times a day, and afterwards less frequently. This is, perhaps, unnecessary; but they should receive their food every three, five, or eight hours, according to the age and state of the leaves uneaten. When feeding them, the old food and rubbish may be gently pushed up into a row, and near and parallel to it a row of fresh leaves placed. The animals soon discover the new food, and leave the old, which should be removed at least once a day, whilst on the sheets; but less frequently after wards. To facilitate the distribution of the leaves, particularly when the animals are small they should be torn, not cut in pieces. After the cocoon has been completed, we should make our selection of the balls to be preserved for seed. The number usually chosen to produce an ounce of eggs, calculating for contingencies, is two hundred of each sex. The male cocoon can be generally known, by being sharper at the ends, and depressed in the middle, as though a string had been tied round, and is also generally smaller than that of the female. These marks are not, however, infallible; for the best growers in Europe are often deceived, an indolent or unhealthy male sometimes forming a ball perfectly round. After the balls, fit for winding, have been chosen, the animals must be destroyed, or they will perforate them and escape. This is usually done by placing them in the sun for two or three days, or in an oven, of the temperature of 160 or 180° F. If the latter plan is adopted, they are placed in shallow baskets, in considerable quantities, and put in the oven for an hour, and then examined, and one from the middle opened, and if the animal be not dead, they should be well stirred, and the operation continued Great care should be taken to keep them After re After the selection has been made, a thread is run through the floss, and suspended in the free air. If they are kept in a temperature of 66° F the moths will appear about the fifteenth day; and if in 72° F. about the twelfth. The flies, on emerg ing, are to be placed on a rough cloth, and when the females commence ovipositing, which they gene rally do in thirty-six hours after escaping, they should be put away alone on sheets of paper or other material to receive the eggs. They are seve The great increase in the quantity of food necesral hours in excluding the whole number, which sary in the latter stages, can be ascertained from they do irregularly, sometimes dropping them very from scorching, as they are then ruined. the observations of Dondola, and should be strictly rapidly, and then resting for a time. One of my moval, if they are well covered up for a few hours, attended to. An ounce of ovæ producing 40,000 own deposited 54 eggs in six minutes, and then they will perspire profusely, and are then to be exworms, will consume and waste, during the first ceased for two hours, when she recommenced,-posed to the air to dry. This is a more effectual age, or till they moult the first time, six pounds of When first emitted, the ovæ are covered by a glu mode than in the sun, as they are then often mereleaves-second age, thirteen pounds-third age, six tinous substance, and are of a bright yellow colour; ly rendered torpid. Experiments, performed in ty pounds-fourth age, one hundred and eighty but if impregnated, change in a few days to a blu- England, have determined, that in some instances pounds--fifth age, one thousand and ninety-eight ish, ash tinge, and become flat; whereas the barren the chrysalis will bear the heat of water nearly, or pounds; making one thousand three hundred and seed remain yellow, and must be thrown away.-quite, boiling, with impunity; and it has been supsixty-two pounds of assorted leaves-which, with Duhalde, in his description of the Chinese mode of posed that all may be thus preserved for seed, by the refuse of stems, evaporation, &c. are equal to preserving a good breed, says, they never keep for reeling off the silk and saving the enclosed nymph. one thousand six hundred and nine pounds when seed, cocoons that are the product of worms hatch-In Georgia, dipping the ball into boiling water has taken from the tree. Of this, but 771 pounds ed on the first or third day in the spring, the second been employed as a means of destruction; but acare actually eaten, the remainder is dried and day yielding the healthiest animal; and the flies cording to those experiments, it is an uncertain one. that emerge from the ball on the first or third day, Steam has also been much used, both in this counare excluded as unable to lay good seed. try and in China, and different suffocating gasses have also received much credit. Balls that can be reeled immediately need not, of course, be subjected to any operation of this kind. wasted. The rapid increase of size in the animal is a cu rious circumstance. One hundred worms, just hatched, weigh one grain; and at the end of thirty days, they weigh 9500; each animal having consumed 60,000 times its original weight, and grown from one line to forty in length. The quantity of space absolutely necessary to accommodate a given number should be attended to, as success depends, Although the eggs are generally laid about the last of June, in our country, it has been positively determined that a second crop cannot be profitably raised here the same season; from the great age of the food, heat of the weather, &c. This, however, is done in some parts of Italy; and in Bengal, where the life of the larva is con To commence the process of reeling, a copper vessel is prepared of twelve or twenty inches long, that can be placed over a furnace, to keep the water of a correct temperature. Over this, and at seve The water used must be of different temperatures to suit the kind of cocoon, the Good demanding a heat nearly boiling, when it becomes by far the easiest reeled. The Dupion and Choquette require boiling, and then, with care, are readily unwound. The Cacolon must be placed in water of a lower temperature, and are the most difficult to be reeled. CHERRY AND CURRANT WINE. Directions to make Wine from Cherries, Currants, LARGE GOURDS.-In the garden of T. A. Beck, Esq. of Grove, near Hawkshead, two yellow gourds were cut on the 27th of September, one of which weighed 71 lbs. 4 ozs. and measured nearly 5 feet in circumference; and the other 40 lbs. The former the largest we ever remember to have heard of in the north. [Lanc. Gaz. I think if my fellow-citizens would consider the HUGE PEAR. A pear of the Bell Tongue variety was pulled the other day at Terraughty, Dumfries-shire, which is 16 in. in circumference at one place, and 12 7-8 at another. Its weight is exactly 27 oz. and we are not sure that a larger pear was ever seen or heard of in Scotland. [Dumfries Cour. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT. BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAIL-ROAD. Report of the Committee appointed by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, to examine the Mauch Chunck and Quincy Rail-roads. The Committee appointed to visit and examine the Rail-roads at Mauch Chunck, and at Quincy, and to collect such additional information as they might be enabled to obtain, by consulting scientific and experienced individuals, who have had an opportunity of inspecting this description of roads in Europe, Report, that they have, as far as has been practicable, performed the duty assigned them. to Mauch Chunck, and examined the road lately constructed at that place, the length of which is 9 of a mountain, down an inclined plane of various miles. It extends the whole distance along the side declivities, according to the situation of the ground over which it passes. The elevation of the Coal Mine at Mauch Chunck, The Committee in the first instance, proceeded ral inches distance, is fixed an iron strip, contain ing several holes, through which the filaments are passed, in collections of four for each hole. These collections are further concentrated, by passing as many of them as will produce the size of the thread intended, through an eye attached to the reel, which travels backwards and forwards in front of the reel to spread the thread over a large surface, and allow it to dry before a subsequent thread is placed in contact. These eyes are fixed to a bar, which is moved by a cord passing round a small wheel, appended to the end of the axis of the reel, and from thence round a horizontal wheel in front, to near the periphery of which is fixed the bar. The wheel, as it turns, carries the eyes to and fro in front, by bringing the situation of attachment of the bar nearer to, or farther from the centre of the reel I have tried currants, gooseberries, and Morello The reel itself, is very similar to the house-reel; but cherries; they all make an excellent wine, and I it has only four arms, one of which is jointed, to have no doubt that the common sour pie cherry allow the silk to be removed. It is important that would do the same. The Morello cherry, especialthe cross pieces at the ends of the arms be trianguly a smaller kind called the Salem Morello, I think lar, presenting a fine edge slightly rounded, for the the most valuable I have seen, as they bear younger, silk to lay on, to prevent, as much as possible, the fuller, and more certain, and less subject to worms, injury done to the thread, by the wet, gummy fibre than any other; their juice is of a more agreeable sticking to a large surface of the wood. The reel acid, and of an astringent quality, and for wine or is turned by a simple crank, and should be revolved brandy has the preference. I have experienced as rapidly as that means will permit. many years that the putting a cask about half full of them, and about half as many pounds of white Havanna or loaf sugar as the cask will hold gallons, then filling it by putting in the last mentioned cher ries, makes a most agreeable and wholesome drink by adding water to dilute it to any person's liking; think in the hot summer months it is the most handy of any drink, where cool water is to be had. I gather the fruit when fully ripe and dry, mash Great care must be taken to adapt the heat to the it and extract the juice, if in hot weather, as soon kind of ball, as by too high a temperature, the fibre as possible, using as little water as is necessary to becomes dead and flimsy, from the gum, which get it out; then add sugar till it is palatable. I find forms nearly one third of the thread, being dissolv-a pound or half of sugar to a gallon sufficient, and ed; and if too little heat is employed, it is harsh and the white Havanna the best; when the sugar is above the Lehigh river, at the point where the coal stiff, from the union of the filaments being imper-dissolved put it in a clean sweet cask for fermentais delivered into boats, is 936 feet. From this mine fect. The water used must be soft, as rain or river tion, and place it so high from the floor as to admit the road, as it approaches towards the river, rises its dribbling some distance in racking into a tub within the distance of about half a mile 46 feet, when The floss, or loose silk, being removed from placed to receive it which will hold the contents of it reaches the extreme point of its elevation, which is 982 feet above the water; the distance from this around the cocoons, they are thrown by handsful the cask. I have a thing nearly in the shape of a into the copper, and stirred about with a stiff wisk, wooden shovel with a gutter in the handle, hang place to the river, is about 8 miles; the road then six or nine inches long, when the ends of the silk the bowl under the cask so as to prevent waste, and constantly descends, by an irregular declivity, as follows, to wit: will stick and can be raised. These are well clean- then let it dribble slowly; this operation should be ed from the loose thread and gum, and passed first performed when the fermentation has nearly At 8 miles from the river its elevation is through the apertures in the plate, and from there subsided; rack it again in about a month after, and collected in larger quantities to go through the tra- several times more in the course of the velling eyes attached to the reel. The thread thus wine passing through the atmosphere in that slow formed, may consist of eight, sixteen, or even forty- and dribbling manner acquires maturity in half the eight filaments, and should be twisted before pass. But to return, when the cask is placed as above, fill time requisite in the common way of management. ing through the eyes, to make them stick better to gether. Children are usually put to the reel, whilst it two or three times a day to work out the filth; a woman attends the copper, to keep the thread of when it emits a clear froth check the fermentationmination of the mountain, upon which is constructgradually by putting in the bung slack. It has long been my opinion that one of the ed an inclined plane, 700 yards long, with a declivigreatest errors in making wine in our country, is the ty of 225 feet, below which there is still a further descent of 25 feet down a chute, through which the custom of making it principally of sugar and water, coal is conveyed into boats on the water, the actual instead of making fruit the principal, and the spirit descent, from the point of the road, at 2 miles disof fruit to make it keep through our hot summers. tance from the river to its termination at the top of By the process of racking, above directed, the taste this inclined plane, is therefore, in a distance of of the spirit will evaporate and become impercepti-about 12 miles, 109 feet. ble. water. the same size; by replacing the broken, and adding to the mass, new fibres as the rest unwind, three half wound balls being only equal to two new ones. This addition is made by simply placing the fibre in contact with the rest, and giving it a twist. The attender at the basin should be careful to keep the plate with holes cool and moist, by sprinkling cold water occasionally on it, and the fingers must never become dry. As the silk is spun off, the inner husk or shell is thrown aside for other purposes. When the water becomes loaded with gum and filaments, and discoloured by the worms, it must be changed; and if it happens that the reeling is interrupted, even for a short time, the balls should be taken from the water, with a ladle, till the operation re commences. Sometimes, in winding, cocoons present, that are full of knots. These must be placed among the offat; all of which except the floss, is to be well boiled in potash, before being carded; and all, when spun, form a strong silk, called Floretta, much used for coarse hose. (To be continued.) year, as the At 7 943 feet-descent 39 844" 66 99 66 66 66 There is at the bank of the river, an abrupt ter The whole of the Mauch Chunck Rail-road, extending a distance of 9 miles, and including the in LARGE APPLES.-Four fine specimens of the clined plane of 700 yards, was constructed in 2 Greenup Pippin were last week gathered from a tree months and 3 days from the time of its commencein the garden of Mr. William Heywood, of Ley-ment, and was within that period, so far completed, land. They measured 51 inches in circumference, that wagons have since regularly passed upon itand weighed 48 ounces. The tree from which these there are, however, a few labourers still employed four apples were plucked bore a large quantity of in finishing some parts of the work not yet entirely fruit nearly equal in size to the above. [Newsp. completed. The cost, including the 700 yards of inclined plane, is stated to be between $2500 and $3000 per mile. REINETTE DE CANADA.-On the 16th of October last, we saw in the garden of Lord Middleton, at Wollaton Hall, near Nottingham, an apple of this variety, measured by the gardener, Mr. Haythorn; it was 14 inches round, and weighed 19 ounces. [From Loudon's Gardeners' Magazine. The road is principally laid upon the track heretofore used by the Mauch Chunck Company, for the transportation of coal, on wagons of the common construction. The sleepers, which are of wood, are laid 4 feet apart, upon a stone foundation-the rails, | been employed by a company in Albany, for the pass, great labour, and the exercise of a sound and which are also of wood, are then placed upon these purpose of collecting information relative to the discriminating judgment, will be required, in order sleepers, and are fastened to them by wooden keys; construction of Rail-roads, and the application of to fix upon the proper location of the route; and the they are afterwards plated on the inner edges, with moving power upon them. The last named gentle-Committee also believe that much experience and rolled iron bars, from 2-8 to 3-8 of an inch thick, and man accompanied the Committee in their visit to science will be required to decide upon the most from 14 to 14 inches wide, and the space between Mauch Chunck. advantageous moving power to be employed upon them is filled up with earth or gravel, so high as to The Committee were also accompanied on their it. The opinions, therefore, of able and competent cover the sleepers, and to form a horse path, which visit to the Quincy Rail-road, by Col Baldwin, and Engineers, of sufficient experience upon these two, completes the whole labour. by I. Davis, Esq. of Boston, the latter gentleman vitally important points, is indispensably necessary, being one of the proprietors of this work, and from before the Company can safely venture, to deterthem received every attention and information ne mine on the grade and final location of the road;cessary. and after an extensive inquiry, and considerable communication with several gentlemen, of highly respectable character, for intelligence and scientific attainments, the Committee are of the opinion, that a suitable deputation should proceed to Europe, for the purpose of viewing the different Rail-roads now constructing, or in operation there, and of consulting with experienced and practical men, in order that we may become distinctly informed of all the modern improvements, in the application of moving power upon them, this being the only point of any difficulty, or upon which there is the least hazard of our falling into any important mistakes. There are various crossing places along the course of the road, and several turns out, both of which are easily effected, at a very small expense. There are also many considerable curvatures in the road, The Quincy Rail-road, including all expenses, along the side of the mountain, to suit the localities except the amount paid for land, cost $11,250 per of the ground; and these sinuosities are effected mile-it was constructed exclusively for the purpose with the greatest facility, by simply elevating the of conveying stone from a quarry to navigable warail on the outer curve a little higher than the rail ter; it is 3 miles long, and consists of a single way on the inner curve, which gives a ready direction to with 2 tracks, five feet apart in the clear; the rails the wagons in their passage, without any other re-are of pine timber 6 inches wide and 12 inches deep; sult than lessening their velocity, which is retarded these rails, except where the road passes over a at these points, by the increased lateral friction of swamp upon wooden piles, are laid upon stone the wheels. The wagons here used, weigh from sleepers 8 feet long and about 12 inches square, 1200 to 1500 lbs. each, and are kept on the rails by placed 8 feet apart, the sleepers rest upon a stone flange wheels. Their construction is precisely simi- foundation 3 feet deep, which effectually secures lar to those represented in the books of Strickland, them from the operation of frost. On the top of the Wood and Tredgold. wooden rails there is nailed oak scantling, 2 inches thick and 4 inches wide, on which is fastened a bar of rolled iron 5-16 of an inch thick and from 2 to 2 inches wide. In order to facilitate the inquiries of the proposed deputation, the Committee deem it to be necessary The Committee, after a careful examination of that they be put in possession of a reconnoissance this work, do not hesitate to state to the Board, that of the several practicable routes, all of which should it is on so simple a plan, that mechanics of ordinary be deliberately examined, and their respective adskill would be fully competent to the construction of The road at the quarry is 86 feet above the water, vantages and disadvantages be duly weighed and one similar, and in every respect equal to it; at the at the place of its termination. The deepest cut is considered, before a safe conclusion can be adopted same time it appears to be extremely well adapted 24 feet, and the entire road is nearly straight, except relative to the amount or kind of power to be emto the object for which it was intended. The load-at two places where there are considerable bends ployed upon them, the fact being simply this, that ed wagons each carry 1 tons of coal, and descend in it. The greatest descent is 24 inches to the rood, the power to be used, must either be adapted to the in brigades of 6, 8 or 10, connected together by iron which is equal to about 66 feet in a mile, and at profile of the road, or the road must be graded to suit chains, each brigade being attended by two men. this place a strong break is necessary, to keep the the power to be employed; and in order that the depThese wagons descend from the summit level to the wagons from running upon the horses utation may be prepared to proceed as early as postop of the inclined plane at the river, a distance of Two horses draw down the road 40 tons, includ-sible, the Committee recommend that all practicable S miles in 30 minutes, exclusive of a few minutes ing the weight of the wagons, at the rate of 4 miles diligence be used to obtain these reconnoissances consumed in greasing the wheels on the route. an hour, and take up the empty wagons, weighing with as little delay as circumstances will admit of. On arriving at the inclined plane, the loaded wag-about 6 tons. These wagons cost $400 each, and All which is respectfully submitted ons are let down, one at a time, by a rope, worked have wheels 6 feet diameter, with 1 inch flanges, upon a horizontal shaft, which is regulated by a the wheel turning upon the axle, whereas at Mauch powerful break, and each loaded wagon, as it de-Chunck the wheels are 2 feet diameter, with flanges scends, draws up an empty one. In this manner, of 1 inch, and are turned with the axle. they pass a loaded wagon down, and an empty There are several deep ravines crossed by this wagon up the inclined plane, each travelling a dist-road, which are passed on wooden frames at a much ance of 700 yards, in 45 seconds, which is at the less expense than it would have cost to fill them rate of 32 miles an hour, and the operation seems with earth. to be performed with great ease and safety. The Committee were taken up the road by one horse, drawing an empty wagon, and two cars conveying 14 persons, the whole weighing about 24 tons, at the rate of 4 miles an hour, and they de scended in the same cars, with the same persons in 45 minutes, (exclusive of the time lost by detention from meeting wagons returning to the mine.) Part of the time, the cars for short distances, ran by their own gravity, at the rate of more than 20 miles an hour, and they ran one entire mile in three minutes and 15 seconds, which is at the rate of 18 miles an hour-on other parts of the road, where there are sharp turns, or but little descent, the speed of the cars was reduced to the rate of 4, or even to 3 miles PHILIP E. THOMAS, Ballimore, June 12, 1827. LADIES' DEPARTMENT. ON FEMALE EDUCATION. But it is in the relation of the mother that the ne The iron rails for this road were furnished comThe empty wagons are returned to the coal mine pletely, drilled and fitted, ready for laying down, at by horses, each horse drawing from 3 to 4 of them 6 cents per lb. and the pine rails were delivered to up in 3 hours, that is, at the rate of 3 miles an hour; the Company, at their wharf, for 13 cents the cubic cessity of intellectual cultivation is most apparent. and each wagon weighing from 1200 to 1500. The foot. The work appears to be executed in a faith-It has been remarked by Buonaparte, one of the average acclivity of the road, including the whole ful manner, and has been found to answer the fullest most sagacious of modern observers, that there never distance, from the top of the inclined plane being expectation of the proprietors, having reduced the was a great man whose mother was not a woman of about one degree. expense of transportation to about 1-6 of its former superior qualities. Notwithstanding our habitual cost. The Committee after a careful examination as are strongly disposed to concur in this remark. The distrust of such general and sweeping assertions, we here stated, of the Rail ways, both at Mauch foundation of intellectual as well as moral character Chunck and at Quincy, and after the conferences are laid in the nursery. The influence of the mother they have had an opportunity of holding with the in forming the moral character is universally admitproprietors of these establishments, and with a ted. Let any one recur to his experience, and he number of scientific gentlemen, whose opinions are will find that the deepest impressions ever made on entitled to great respect, feel entirely satisfied that his mind were received from his mother in the period there will be no difficulty in constructing the pro- of childhood. To this source he can generally trace posed Rail-way from the City of Baltimore to the the most prominent traits of his character.-He can Ohio river, nor have they the smallest doubt, but frequently call to mind the particular occasion and that there is ample skill in our country for the exe- the precise moment in which, by some happy appeal, cution of this part of the work; the Committee are which nature only can dictate to the parent, she also further satisfied that the necessary materials succeeded in impressing his mind with some valuafor its construction can be easily and conveniently ble precept which has ever since continued to reguThe Committee after leaving Mauch Chunck obtained. late his conduct. Nor is her influence less in the proceeded to Boston, and in the course of their Whilst, however, the Committee feel no hesita-formation of the intellectual character of her childroute, had an opportunity of consulting with several tion in thus confidently giving their opinion upon eminent and distinguished Engineers, among whom the practicability of constructing the road, they the generous purpose in the glowing breast," it is If she have the power in the one case "to fix were Col. Totten, of the U. S. corps of Engineers, also feel it to be incumbent upon them to state their equally her province in the other, Col. Baldwin, U. S. civil Engineer, C. White, Esq. conviction to the Board, that from the varied and of Connecticut, and P. Fleming, Esq. of New York, undulating surface of the country, over which a who has lately returned from Europe, where he had considerable portion of the road must necessarily an hour. ren. -to rear the tender thought, "To teach the young idea how to shoot, "To pour the fresh instruction o'er his mind-" Time, 1st heat, Sm. 52s.-2d heat, Sm. 55s. Gohannah, 1 1 Time, 1st heat, 5m. 50s.-2d heat, 5m. 46s. to mould the taste, to enlighten the understanding, (From the New York Statesman.) LIVERPOOL MARKET.-Cotton and Politics. The following accurate review of the state of trade and politics in England from "a first rate source," and of latest date, has been received by the editors of the Statesman, exclusively, but they do not feel themselves at liberty to publish the writer's name. I intended, Dear Sir, by the packet ship Leeds, Fourth day, Handy Cap purse, best 3 in five-I've deferr'd my despatches till this day at noon. 1 2 1 G 2 1 Time, 1m. 54s.-Im. 51s.-1m. 53s. WHO WILL GIVE US THE PEDIGREE and PER- June, 4, 1827. the justly celebrated horse Sir Archy, was not got ANGLING. F. compelled to acknowledge the importance of intel- The health of the State, all the doctors agree, Mr. Canning was sent for, and said he was sure trust. * His dogged resistance of Catholic Claims, As to Timbert and Lumber the Huskisson plan, I quote when I quote-"be the same more or less," Page 225-A Tree 318 feet high and only 3 feet In a Tour through Britain, published London, "Two men were five days felling it; When felled, measured 40 yards in length; Forty-one loads in the top; There were made out of it 80 pair naves, and It cost 10%. 17s. sawing--and the whole was con- The Spring Races over the Nottoway Course, commenced on the 30th of May. The first day, a sweepstake, for 3 year old colts, won by Mr. Johning on the land now occupied by Governor Kent, to ties of a plank propped in the centre by a horse, and asIn 1770, I rode into a hollow Poplar then stand-son with ruining the timber trade by excessive duties. § An amusement of children who sit on the extremison's Tariff, in three heats. get shelter from a rain, and turned my horse round cend and descend alternately by help of their feet. without any difficulty. A celebrated youthful calculator. Second day, Proprietor's purse, $800, 2 mile heats. SIR, INQUIRY-COCKROACHES. In your 5th volume of the Farmer, p. 414, you give a recipe for the destruction of Cockroaches. I have examined myself, and inquired of all my acquaintances to try and discover the plant Hellebore, but without effect. Would you have the goodness to request the writer of the piece to give you a sample of the plant and forward it to me, and I will pay all expenses with pleasure. Very respectfully, your obedient, SIMON MAGWOOD. [Will some friend in the country have the goodness to send a plant, or so describe it that it may be readily known.] FLEETNESS OF THE REIN Deer. In consequence of the Norwegians making a sudden and unexpected irruption into the Swedish territories, an officer was despatched with a sledge and rein deer to Stockholm, to convey the intelligence; which he did with such speed, that he performed 124 Swedish miles (about 800 English) in 48 hours; but his faithful animal dropped down lifeless on the Biddarhustorget, just after his arrival in the capital. The bearer of the news, as it is said, was in consequence ennobled, and assumed the name of Rhensjurna (Rein Deer Star.) [Brooks' Winter in Lapland. RECIPES. FOR RAT CATCHING. a For premises infested with rats, prepare from six to ten wooden traps such as are commonly used for taking muskrats and rabbits in the country, place them where the rats run most frequently. Get phial of oil of caraway, do of oil of anniseed, and a very small quantity of the oil of rhodium-the lat ter is costly, and but little of it needed. Perfume the sides and top of the boxes with the caraway and anniseed, and with the end of your finger touched to the rhodium make a few dots on the bottom.-Take stale bread and grate it, mix it up with some drops of the caraway, evenly, and place a single handful of it on the middle of the lower box board, under the place where the pan or trap platform is to be set-keep the boxes thus baited, fastened open for two nights-the two succeeding nights set the traps so they will not spring, and put the like baits on the pans. On the fifth night set the traps thus baited, prepared for springing. Sit with a dark lanthern in the room or place where your traps are, and as soon as you hear a lid fall, take up the trap, cover its mouth with a bag, and empty the rat or rats into it-kill them by dashing the bag against a post or the floor: reset the trap and continue until the "custom" ceases-Be careful not to suffer a rat that has been caught to escape; if you do you will get no more that night. By this process 300 rats were caught in this city in one house, and in one night by two persons, during the revolutionary war. As these vermin are unusually numerous and troublesome in the city, this receipt, which is the old secret of the London and Liverpool rat catchers, is published for the benefit of those who prefer a little trouble, to a great annoyance. [Times. EASY METHOD OF PRESERVING ANIMAL FOOD SWEET Veal, mutton, beef, or venison, may be kept for nine or ten days perfectly sweet and good, in the heat of summer, by lightly covering the same with bran, and hanging it in a high and windy room; therefore, a cupboard full of small holes, or a wire safe, so as the wind may have a passage through, is recommended to be placed in such a room, to keep away the flies. TO PRESERVE GAME IN HOT WEATHER. disposed to use your influence in its favour, it shall be gratefully acknowledged, and prompt to further Game or poultry may be preserved for a long improvements. I am determined by the utmost extime, by tying a string tight round the neck, so asertions, not only to advance the character which the to exclude the air, and by putting a piece of char-work has already acquired, but to increase the fund coal into the vent. of esteem with which it has been so liberally honoured, and to this end venture to solicit your co-operation. Very respectfully, Your obliged friend, TO SWEETEN MEAT, FISH, &C. THAT IS TAINTED. TO REMOVE THE TASTE OF TURNIPS FROM MILK OR The taste of the turnip is easily taken off milk THE FARMER. BALTIMORE, FRIDAY, JUNE 22, 1827. BALTIMORE PRICES CURRENT. Reported for the American Farmer, by Lewis Sutton & Co. TOBACCO.-Sales have been made the week past at rather lower rates than heretofore; but this is chiefly in the common Maryland and mixed Ohio; a great deal of these two kinds are in the market, and have been for some time gradually declining. We have made sales the last few days of Calvert, Anne-Arundel and St. Mary's county tobacco, common crop, at $3.25 a $4.00-better qualities are better prices than the above our rates are,second as in qual.$2.50 a 6.00-common crop, 3.00 a 3.50-Do. red, 4.00 a 4.50-good red, 5.00 a 6.00-Fine red, 7.00 a 8.00-Yellow and red, 7.00 a 10.00-Yellow, 10.00 a 15.00-Fine Yellow, 15.00 a 25.00-Fine Virginia fat, 6.00 a 8.00-Rappahannock, 3.50-Kentucky, fine, 3.50 a 6.00--do. for wrapping, 7.00 a 8.00. Inspected last week, at the three State warehouses, ending Saturday, 950 hhds. FLOUR-Superfine City mills, $5.00-Standard, 4.621 a 4.75-Susquehanna, $4.374 a 4.50-CORN MEAL, per barrel, 2.75 a 2.874--WHEAT, best white, .90 a 93ordinary, good .85 a .90-inferior, .70 a 75-CORN, .44 The Directors of the Baltimore and Ohio a .45-RYE, .55 a .60—OATS, .371⁄2 a .43-WHITE BEANS, Rail-way Company have been informed by the Se-1.25 a 1.374-PEAS, .60--CLOVER seed, 4.00 a 4.50 cretary of War, that the officers appointed to make TIMOTHY SEED, 3.00-BARLEY, 1.00-FLAXSEED, .95— COTTON, Virginia, 9.00 a 10.00-Upland, 10.00 a 11.00 the reconnoissances would be ready in a few weeks-Louisiana, 11.00 a 13.00--North Carolina, 9.00 a 10.00 to enter upon that duty. In less than a month they-WOOL, country, washed on the sheep's back, 18.00 will be in a full course of operation. The Editors of a 22.00-cross-breed, do. free from tags, 20.00 a 22.00papers on the route of the Rail-way would render half do. 24.00 a 26.00-three-quarters, 28.00 a 30.00to their readers an acceptable service by stating that the AMERICAN FARMER, published in Baltimore, has recorded, and will continue to record, every act and proceeding connected with the origin and gress of that great work. CIRCULAR. pro full blood, 30.00 a 35.00-FISH, Herrings, No. 1, p. bbl. 2.374 a 2.50-do. No. 2, do. 2.124-Shad, in good order, 6.00 a 7.00-Mackerel, 4.50 a 5.00 a 5.50-BACON, best hams, 9.00 a 10.00-middlings, &c. 6.00 a 6.25— country, (assorted,) 5.50 a 6.00-WHISKEY, in hhds. .29; in barrels 30.-FEATHERS, .28 a .29-LIVE STOCK, beef on hoof, 5.00 a 5.50-Pork do. 4 a 4.50-Veal do. 3.00-Lambs and Mutton, with the wool, 1.25 a 2.00; without wool, 1.25 a 1.50-BUTTER, fresh, 16. a .20. To the friends of the Philadelphia Album. On the commencement of a new volume of the Album, and the introduction of several improveCONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. ments, I would beg leave to observe that the work Extraordinary Cow of Col. J. H. Powel's, yielding S has heretofore been conducted under many disad-pounds 13 ounces in 3 days, or 20 pounds of butter, vantages; having been principally managed, both and 1 barrels of milk per week-On Grasses and other in the editing and publishing departments, by myself, Plants, from G. Sinclair's Hortus Gramineus, with notes, an undertaking for an individual, so arduous, as to &c. (Cynodon dactylon, creeping dog's-tooth or Ber. uda preclude the possibility of affording that general sa- grass; Poa compressa, flat-stalked meadow, or blue tisfaction which is ever desirable. To this cause dress to the Members of the Maryland Agricultural Sograss) Weight of a Yankee Calf-Cheap Fodder-Admust be attributed the deficiencies of the work. ciety for the Eastern Shore-Method of reclaiming But encouraged by the valuable patronage which Swamp Land in the state of New York, by Wm. Thomp has already been received, I have ventured upon an son-Curious calculation on useless Dogs-Wheat and enlarged sphere. Mrs. Harriet Muzzy has been in- Rye Stalks-Sheep; recipe for Cure of Rot, unction to vited from New York and engaged to devote her destroy Ticks-Milk-Query on Sugar and Cotton culexclusive talents to the Ladies Department of the ture-Prospect of Crops in Alabama-Essay on the culAlbum. A valuable character will be imparted to tivation of Silk, by Doctor John T. Sharpless, of Philathe Literary Reviews and Critical Notices, by Dr.delphia, continued-J. Cooper, on Cherry and Currant Wine-Large Fruit-Report of the Committee appointM'Henry, editor of the late American Montuly ed by the Baltimore and Ohio Rail-road Company to Magazine, and author of the Wilderness, O'Hallo-examine the Mauch Chunck and Quincy Rail-roads—Esran, Hearts of Steel, &c. &c. New sources of knowsay on Female Education, continued-Nottoway Races ledge have been presented to us-new acquisitions Inquiry, Sir Archy--Angling-Large Trees-Poetry, of correspondence have enriched our stores, and Liverpool Market and Politics-Inquiry, for Hellebore the work bids fair to become more entertaining, -Fleetness of the Reindeer-Recipes, for Rat catching, more improving, and more respectable than hereto To preserve and purify meats, fish, game, &c., To refore. But these arrangements have been attended move the taste of Turnips from milk or butter-Editowith such heavy additional expense as to render rial-Prices Current. necessary an increased circulation. The friends of the Album have it in their power very essentially to promote its circulation and usefulness by recommending it to private patronage. Should you feel Printed every Friday, at Five Dollars per annum, for JOHN S. SKINNER, Editor, by JOHN D. Toy, corner of St. Paul and Market-sts., where every description of Book and Job Printing is handsomely executed. |