1938

SENATE BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS REFERRED Bills and joint resolutions of the Senate of the following titles were taken from the Speaker's table and, under the rule, referred as follows:

S. 186. An act for the relief of like Chetkovich; to the Committee on War Claims.

S. 375. An act for the relief of Mrs. John Olson; to the Committee on Claims.

S. 1215. An act to provide for lunacy proceedings in the District of Columbia; to the Committe en the District of Columbia.

3. 164. An act authorizing the Secretary of War to convey to the town of Montgomery, W. Va., a certain tract of land; to the Committee on Military Affairs.

S. 2002. An act for the rchef of Henry . Reents; to the Commitice on Claims.

S. 2072. An act for the relief of Stuart C. Peterson; to the Committee on Claims.

6.2100. An act for the relief of certain offers of the United States Navy and the United States Harboe Cops; to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

S. 2137. An act for the chief of Oscar Jones; to the Conmmittee on Claims.

6.2787. Ant for the relief of Miriam Thornbor; to the Commitee on Claims.

3.2271. An act cumberling the Secretary of the Trearviy to crchange rites for Coast Guard ruposes; to the Comunittee on i lorobbent Leriac and iisheries.

8. 2004. An act for the relief of Mrs. Morgan R. Butler; to the Committee on Claims.

S.3 31. An act for the relief of the Lima Locomotive Wors, Inc.; to the Committee on Claims.

S. 2010. An set for the relief of Herman P. Kraft; to the Committee on Claims.

S. 3040. An act for the relief of Richard D. Krenik; to the Committee on Claims.

S. 3073. An net to safeguard the public health; to the Coramitice on Interstate and Foreign Commerce.

5.357. An aet for the reef of Chester J. Babcock; to the Committee on the Civil Service.

S. 3142. An act for the rell. of Lt. Comdr. Robert R. Blaisdell and Lt. Edward W. Hawkes (retired), Supply Corps, United States Navy; to the Committee on Claims.

S. 3171. An act for the relief of William Server Rhodes, chief boatswain's mate, United States Navy, retired; to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

S. 3204. An act to amend section 92 of the Judicial Code to provide for a term of court at Kalispell, Mont.; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

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S. 3209. An act to authorize the Secretary of War to grant an easement to the city of Highwood, Lake County, Ill., in and over certain portions of the Fort Sheridan Military Reservation, for the purpose of constructing a waterworks system; to the Committee on Military Affairs.

S. 3223. An act for the relief of the dependents of the late Lt. Robert E. Van Meter, United States Navy; to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

S. 3373. An act to provide for holding terms of the district court of the United States at Hutchinson, Kans.; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

S. 3416. An act providing for the addition of certain lands to the Black Hills National Forest in the State of Wyoming; to the Committee on the Public Lands.

S. 3417. An act for the relief of the State of Wyoming; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

S. 3469. An act to amend section 128 of the Judicial Code, as amended; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

S. 3450. An act for the relief of Benjamin H. Faith; to the Committee on Military Affairs.

S. 3540. An act for the relief of Esmerald Goodman, boatswain's mate, first class (lifesaving); Raymond H. Wilson, boatswain's mate, first class (lifesaving); Louis J. Burns, motor machinist's mate, first class (lifesaving); Silvie S. Langton, swiman; Eudorus J. Erown, surfman; Kenneth G. Sherwood, surfinan; Alvin Combs, surfman; William E. Kaight, surfman; Claaf E. Starr, surfman; and Ejner E Jensen, suriman; to the Committee on Claims.

S. 3507. in act to extend the times for commencing and completing the construction of a bridge across the Mississippi River at or ner Natchez, Miss., and for other purposes; to the Comunittes on Interstate and Foreign Coinmerce.

S. 3033. An act authorizing the naturaliz. tion of Albin H Youngquist, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization.

S.2003. An act to authorize the purchase of originals or copies of portraits of former Chief Justices and Associate Justices of the Symone Court of the United States, and the present Chief Juttive and Associate Justices thereof, for the new building occupied by the Supreme Court of the United States, and for other paycs; to the Committee on the Library.

S.3734. An act for the relief of certain officers and enlisted men of the United States Coast Guard; to the Cominittee on Claims.

S.5744. An act to erort the jurisdiction of the United States over cert in portiere of the Eerig Sea and the submergi kad tikanday to the Commitice on Foreign Affairs. S. 0753. An act for the rest of Tmily Gertrude Toby; to the Committee on Iomigration and Naturalization.

S.3020. An act to an urie nembership on behalf of the United States in die International Criminal Police Commission; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

S. 2012. An act to authorize an increase in the basic allotment of enlisted men to the Air Corps within the total enUsted strength provided in appropri tions for tile Regular Army; to 3 Committee ca 1litary Afairs.

S. 3802. In act alanding the act authorizing the collection and pudlication ci cotton statuties by requiring a record to be kept of bles ginned by counties; to the Committee on the Census.

S.0007. An act to further extend the times for commencing and completing the construction of a bridge across the 12xouri River at or near Garrison, N. Dak.; to the Committce on Interstate and Foreign Commerce.

S. 3915. An act to amend clause (4b) of subsection (b) of section 203 of the rotor Calder Act, 1935; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce.

S. J. Res. 243. Joint resolution to provide for the transfer of the Cape Henry Memorial site in Fort Story, Va., to the Department of the Interior; to the Committee on Military Affairs.

S. J. Res. 289. Joint resolution to provide that the United States extend an invitation to the governments of the American republics, members of the Pan American Union, to hold

Mr. WITHROW. I yield.

Mr. JOHNSON of Minnesota. The gentleman says that the Government has always been fair to the railroads. Is it not almost ridiculous at a time of unemployment crisis for the railroads, which were the first to run down here in 1932 to get help from the R. F. C., to be almost the first ones to lead an attack against this administration and against the national economy? It amounts almost to an unpatriotic gesture.

Mr. WITHROW. I thank the gentleman for his contribution.

In 1932 the railroad employees throughout the United States voluntarily took a 10-percent cut in their wages. In addition to this, the contracts between the employees and the employers were liberalized, which meant a substantial saving to the carriers in addition to the voluntary 10-percent basic reduction. It is conservative to say that the concessions made by employees have amounted to a 24-percent reduction in their income as compared with their earnings in 1929.

It has long been apparent that the railroad executives, if left to their own devices, will complete the ruin of our transportation systems because of their short-sighted policies. It is of utmost importance that they be prevented from further contributing to the economic destruction of the entire country as well.

The railroad executives of today, instead of being operating officials and instead of going out and getting business as they should, have become wizards in financing and refinancing. That has become their specialty; these policies have been practiced at the expense of the employees, their stockholders, and the general public. [Applause.]

PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE

Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, at the conclusion of the spccial orders for today as heretofore made, I ask unanimous consent to address the House for 10 minutes.

The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. THOMPSON of Illinois). Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Pennsylvania?

There was no objection.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there object quest of the gentleman from Washington? There was no objection.

Mr. McCORMACK Mr. Speaker, I ask sent to extend my remarks in the Recons therein a short editorial that appeared in the on the question of flood protection in New Engi The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection There was no objection.

Mr. BROOKS asked and was given permissi extend his own remarks in the RecORS.

PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE

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the thine re

Mr. VOORHIS. Mr. Speaker, at the conclusion: aff V marks of the gentleman from Pennsylvania. {lik. today, I ask unanimous consent to address minutes.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there quest of the gentleman from California? There was no objection.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous suga der, the gentleman from New York Mr. PRE) 1 for 15 minutes.

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Mr. FISH Mr. Speaker, I listened with hatervalt tho the remarks made by the gentleman from California. (Bit ACOTT). He made an able and sincere statement on behal ati collective security. He is one of those Members of the House who is worth listening to on foreign affairs, because he is absolutely sincere. He believes in internationalism, in the League of Nations, in collective security, in panisčing aggressor nations, in concerted action, in laying emakbargoes, sanctions, and blockades in order to carry out a quillective security program.

The American people must decide for themselves, whether they will depart from the time-honored, traditionall foreign policy of the United States of neutrality and nonintervention and instead enter into collective security. If the American people, particularly the women, believe all that the gentleman from California [Mr. SCOTT) said about the danger of foreign wars in South America and the menace ta mer own country, then they ought to look under the bed every night to see whether there is not some Jap, German, ar Italian there ready to pounce out on poor little helpless Amestica and gobble up both North and South America.

I am considerably amused when such a great supporter of the New Deal policies as Mr. Scorr begins to question the wisdom of propaganda, or, at least, attacks other auntries that are using propaganda. For 5 years we have had a government of propaganda and by propaganda for the New Deal. We have seen more propaganda used by thine New Deal than ever before in the history of this country. However, because some other nations also indulge in extensive propaganda it has suddenly become an abomination and constitutes a serious menace, almost a cause of wan, when Germany, Japan, and Italy use propaganda mertheds in South America.

May I say to the gentleman from California that these countries, as well as other countries, have a perfect rightin fact, as much right as we have to use propaganda? They have as much right as we have to go after trade in legitimate ways. You cannot fight propaganda with supernavies and airplanes, with battleships and 16-inch grans, or with submarines and torpedoes.

In other words, you cannot combat propaganda by armaments. If we are to fight propaganda, we must do it with propaganda and in a legitimate way. Nobody objects to that. It is very amusing to hear one of the most wurdent supporters of the New Deal administration, which is backed and supported by propaganda, suddenly condemning, propaganda from foreign sources. What is sauce for the gapse is sauce for the gander. There is as much propaganditain this country as there is in Soviet Russia, Italy, or Germang.

When it comes to the danger of South America besing attacked by foreign nations I must take exception azil point out that in my humble opinion South America, hing, lens to

This

It is the best investment the Government can make. From 1933 through 1937 the Government spent $1.955.000.000 to help restore the purchasing power of the farmer. This was but a small recompense for the cost of the tariff to farmers. And look at the results. Farm income increased $13.500.000.000 during this period. increase in farm income was reflected many, many times in the increase in national income. Everyone recognizes that agriculture is our basic industry. Therefore, Congress is amply justified and necessity demands the allocation of funds authorized under the proposed works relief bill for parity payments out of the proposed appropriations for works relief. Such funds will directly benefit millions of farmers, millions of working people, and hundreds of thousands of business and industrial employers.

The assurance of parity-which means simple equality for agriculture with other groups-has been the essential feature of every soundly conceived national plan for agriculture since the World War. The Congress now has an opportunity to help the farmers in their struggle to reach that goal and to redeem their pledge made when the act was passed.

In conclusion, let me say that the proposal to provide funds from the pending work-relief bill for parity payments to farmers is justified, in this current emergency, from every standpoint. It is justified from the standpoint of farm income and farmer needs; it is justified as an emergency relief and recovery step; it is justified from the standpoint of the successful operation of current farm programs; it is justified as a move to relieve unemployment in the cities and towns; it is justified as a common-sense business Investment; and it is justified from the standpoint of the prosperity of the entire Nation.

With this letter I am enclosing additional factual material bearing on agricultural income and the agricultural situation.

We, therefore, respectfully ask that Congress provide funds in the pending work-relief bill for the purpose of making parity payments under the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938.

Mr. COFFEE of Washington. Mr. Speaker, under leave to extend my remarks in the RECORD I include herein an inspiring and trenchant editorial written by that redoubtable progressive editor, William Allen White, and printed in the Finporia Gazette in its issue of April 21, 1938. Journalist White pays his respects in no uncertain terms to the failure of the House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee to report out a genuine pure food and drug bill containing enforcement teeth. He likewise eloquently inveighs against the subserviency of Congress for, lo, these many years to the drug pirates and racketeers. How long will this body of the people's chosen representatives continue to refuse to adopt legislation designed to safeguard the people from the menace of false and fraudulent advertising?

I recommend the passage of II. R. 5286, introduced by myself. As the Survey Graphic recently said, "This is one bill which will accomplish the objectives sought by all progressive thinkers." This will exterminate fraud and deception in the sale and advertising of foods, drugs, and cosmetics and devices. This measure is sponsored and supported by the Consumers' Union of the United States, Inc., an organization of 70,000 citizens resident in every State in the Union, in addition to which the measure has the hearty backing of more than 40 national, political, social, and welfare organizations.

The editorial is as follows:

Hope deferred maketh the heart sick. Here we are about to lose the honest right of the American citizen to have control of the purity of the food and drugs he buys. After holding it up for over a year, the House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee has now reported the food and drug bill with its advertising

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sections torn out by the roots. It is a pity the good things in the bill have no chance of being put into operation. Administered at their face value, they would probably remedy most of the evils of which the public complains. Unfortunately, some smart lawyer has been tampering with the bill to prevent the enforcement of the decent parts of it.

Of course, certain questions relating to adulteration and misbranding of foods and drugs are so complex that Congress cannot cope with the details, which therefore have to be taken care of by regulations. The committee, and especially its chairman, CLARENCE LEA, of California, understand perfectly that this procedure has been followed successfully in many other laws-notably the Interstate Commerce Act--and upheld by the courts. But apparently the lawyers for the drug pirates know too well that adequate relief from injustice is available through injunction proceedings and declaratory judgments.

For in the guise of still further redress, LEA's committee has provided racketeers with means to frustrate the law altogether.

For instance, the bill now pending provides that any time within 90 days after a regulation has been issued, an aggrieved individual may apply in any Federal court for an injunction which would restrain enforcement of the order everywhere in the United States, no matter if every other court in the country has turned down the application. That is awful. If the drug pirate is upheld and the Government is obliged to hold further hearings and issue another regulation, the new order can be sidetracked in the same way. Even if the Government should appeal the injunction successfully, a substantial portion of the industry, by proposing that the regula tion be amended or repealed, could force the holding of more hearings. Hearings would go on interminably. Then, when a new ruling, or merely the continuance of the old, was announced, the same merry-go-round would start up again. Enforcement could be blocked indefinitely. It is this futility of democracy which turns honest men into the vain short cuts of autocracy.

The multiplicity of hearings, injunctions, and appeals on each and every regulation would serve to nullify some of the most important prohibitions in the proposed act. The public would be worse off than it is now under an antiquated statute universally condemned as inadequate.

Maybe it is too much to expect that a decent act, free of all Jokers controlling the sale of food and drugs one like that introduced by ED RETS-could ever pass. But before enacting the fraud now under consideration, Mr. Congressman LEA and his friends would do well to remember that an outraged public can avenge itself at the polls.

If the right to sell poison unbranded is a vested right since when?

People Want Peace

EXTENSION OF REMARKS

ОР

HON. HAROLD KNUTSON

OF MINNESOTA

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, May 20, 1938

Mr. KNUTSON. Mr. Speaker, under leave to extend, so graciously granted me by the House, I desire to insert an article treating on the horrors of war, the danger of mad dictatorships, and the desire of people of all nations for peace. The article follows:

BETWEEN THE HEADLINES

(By Harold Schoelkopf)

To 1.000.000.000 men, women, and children in North America, Europe, and Asia, the horrors of warfare are appearing as grim specters upon tomorrow's borizons. In far-off China and in bulletriddled Spain these hideous specters of brief yesterdays have advanced pace to becoine tragic realities today.

In a world shaken by the ambitions of mad dictatorships and untried political experiments, uneasiness is growing, so that even today something akin to real fear is gripping our hearts. It is something we are prone to consider in silence, lest in conversations about it our neighbor might agree with us.

One billion men, women, and children who carnestly wish to avoid war may be called upon to bear arms against each other. Why?

We are told that that is the way of governments, and that national integrity and international relations can be strained only to a certain point beyond which there can no longer be peace. I that be true, and it is today, it is time that we took an accounting of our status to determine when and how we have so far surrendered individual sovereign rights as to be forced into a contract of war for which we have no desire.

These 1.000.000.000 persons we speak of, including ourselves, are governed by less than 20,000 men of high rank, who are in control of cur various governments, formulate our policies, and define our international relations. In most instances these cincers wield their power because we have willed it so. In America, for example, we