subject, however, when again called up, to the question of consideration and to questions of higher privilege.-Congressional Record, 1, 19, p. 7602.

When a bill has been made a special order for a certain day its consideration takes precedence on such day over privileged reports.-Congressional Record, 1, 49, p. 7276.

As a general rule the insertion of matter not privileged in a proposition otherwise privileged destroys the privileged character of the report. The rule is, however, liberally construed, and if the proposed addition is substantially in aid of the privileged object the report is held to be privileged. (See Congressional Record, 1, 50, p. 2195; ibid., 2, 50, pp. 47, 48.)

A resolution to print documents "to be distributed pro rata among the Members of the House" is a proposition to print "for the use of the House," and a report thereon is consequently privileged. Journal, 1, 52, p. 292.

A bil regulating the printing for the use of Departments, as well as for the two Houses, is not privileged under the rule.Journal, 1, 53, p. 80.

A privileged proposition, if reported during the morning hour for reports, loses its privilege and takes its place on the Calendar.-Congressional Record, 1, 50, p. 7641. But where the privilege is not dependent merely upon the right of the committee to report at any time, reference to the Calendar does not destroy its privileged character.-Journal, 2, 53, pp. 53, 54.

According to the practice, reports from the Committee on Rules, relative to proposed change in the rules are in order for consideration on Friday as on other days.-Congressional Record, 2, 50, p. 538.

The consideration of business reported from committees having leave at any time (except the Committee on Rules), is not in order on a day set apart for another class of businessJournal, 1, 52, p. 239; at least until the House has disposed of or refused to consider the business for which the day is assigned.-Journal, 1, 52, p. 239.

If a committee fails to report a resolution of inquiry within one week, the report is still privileged whenever reported.— Journal, 1, 52, pp. 296, 297.

A joint resolution providing temporarily for continuing in force appropriations for the support of the Government, introduced by a member and submitted for immediate consideration, is not privileged. It is only privileged when reported from the Committee on Appropriations (which may report at any time).-Journal 1, 52, p. 348.

(See Privileged Questions.)

REPORTS REQUIRED TO BE MADE TO CONGRESS.

(See List of, Appendix, post, p. 617.)

The heads of Executive Departments and other officers of the Government are required by law to make reports to Congress from time to time upon certain specified subjects. When received they are laid before the House by the Speaker and referred to appropriate committees.

RESCIND.

When it is desired to set aside or to annul the operation of a rule or order of the House it is usual to make an order "rescinding."

If the annulment is to be only temporary or for a special occasion it is "vacated" for the period indicated.

Rescind as applied to an order or rule is equivalent to repeal as applied to statutes.

RESIGNATION OF A MEMBER.

(See Members.)

RESOLUTIONS.

But fact,

"When the House commands, it is by an 'order.' principles, and their own opinions and purposes are expressed in the form of resolutions."-Manual, p. 136.

This distinction is not strictly kept up in the practice of the House.

Resolutions of a private character, like private bills, are introduced by delivery to the Clerk, pursuant to clause 1, Rule XXII.

All other bills, memorials and resolutions may in like 5585-34

manner be delivered, indorsed with the names of Members introducing them, to the Speaker, to be by him referred, and the titles and references thereof shall be entered on the Journal and printed in the Record of the next day.-Rule XXII, clause 3.

Resolutions of a public character, and resolutions or memorials of State or Territorial legislatures are delivered to the Speaker, and referred by him under this rule.

All resolutions of inquiry addressed to the heads of Executive Departments shall be reported to the House within one week after presentation.-Same rule, clause 4.

Such resolutions may therefore be reported at any time within the week and consequently are privileged when reported. A motion to discharge a committee from consideration of such resolution is also a privileged motion after one week from its introduction and reference. (See Privileged Questions.)

Resolutions are either joint, concurrent, or simple.

Propositions to give authority or directions to public officers in certain respects; to give the consent of Congress on occasions when such consent is required; to continue in force appropriations; and, generally, measures whose operation is limited to certain specific occasions or periods and not designed to be permanent law, are expressed by joint resolutions.

Under the practice in Congress this distinction between bills and joint resolutions is not closely observed.

A joint resolution, like a bill, must have three readings before it is passed, and must be approved by the President before it becomes operative.

All rules of the House applicable to bills apply with equal force to joint resolutions.

The resolving clause of all joint resolutions shall be in the following form: "Resolved by the Senate and House of Repre sentatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled."-R. S., sec. 8.

No enacting or resolving words shall be used in any section of an act or resolution of Congress except in the first.-R. S.,

see. 9.

Concurrent resolutions are employed where the assent of the two Houses only is considered necessary. Thus when appro

priations have been made for the use of the two Houses, such as the appropriation for printing, the expenditure of the fund is authorized and directed by concurrent resolution. So when it is proposed to adjourn for a longer period than three days, action is taken by concurrent resolution.

The practice for many years has been not to present concurrent resolutions to the President for his approval. The language of the Constitution, however, seems strictly to require that all concurrent resolutions, except such as relate to the adjournment of the two Houses, should be approved by the President. Viz:

Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States, and before the same shall take effect shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill.-Const., 1, 7, 3, 6.

A simple resolution of the House is used to express the purpose, intent, or desire of the House. It is frequently used in the practice of the House where an "order" would be more appropriate.

Joint resolutions, like bills, are numbered serially in the order of their introduction, and are abbreviated thus: (H. Res. -) House Joint Resolution; (S. R. -) Senate Joint Resolution.

Concurrent and simple resolutions are not serially numbered, but if ordered to be printed they are styled Miscellaneous Documents and numbered as such.

REVENUE BILLS.

All bills for raisng revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments, as on other bills.-Const., 1, 7, 1, p. 6..

Proposed legislation relating to the revenue, or to the bonded debt, and such measures as purport to raise revenue, are pursuant to Rule XI, clause 2, referred to the Committee on Ways and Means.

The right to report at any time bills raising revenue is confined to the Committee on Ways and Means.-Congressional Record, 1, 49, p. 7332.

A resolution reciting an alleged violation by the Senate of the exclusive right of the House to originate revenue bills and directing an investigation of the subject presents a question of privilege.-Journal, 2, 48, pp. 316, 317.

To a bill reducing internal taxes, an amendment changing the duty and imposing certain other duties on imported merchandise was held to be in order as germane, it being necessary in determining the internal revenue to be derived from any article to consider also what the external revenue should be from articles of the same class.—Journal, 2, 41, p. 907.

To a bill regulating the collection of tax on one article, amendments changing the rate of taxation on other articles are considered germane and in order.-Journal, 3, 46, p. 415, 416.

To a revenue bill placing certain material on the free list an amendment providing that "for the purpose of supplying any deficiency in the revenues of the Government that may arise from the passage of this bill it is herein provided that the unit of value in the United States shall be the standard silver dollar," etc., and proceeding to embody the bill known as the free-coinage bill, was held to be not in order, the subject of the proposed amendment being different from that of the bill under consideration.-Congressional Record, 1, 52, p. 3116.

RESTAURANT.

(See Capitol.)

REVISION OF THE LAWS, COMMITTEE ON.

(See Committees.)

RIVERS AND HARBORS, COMMITTEE ON.

This committee has by the present rules leave to report at any time the bill known as the river and harbor appropriation bill.-Rule X1, clause 57. This bill is not one of the general appropriation bills (see decision of Mr. Carlisle, Chairman,