held not in order until after the Journal is read.-(Congressional Record, 2, 50, p. 677;) but it has since been held that a motion for a recess might be entertained before the reading of the Journal.-Journal, 2, 52, p. 98.

Friday having been substituted, by a special order of the House, as a day for motions to suspend the rules, in lieu of the preceding Monday, it was decided by the House that the rule for a recess (on Fridays) at 5 p. m. for an evening session was thereby vacated for the day.-Journal, 1, 52, p. 277.

The House having at an evening session, which was set apart for the consideration of a certain class of business, taken a recess until the following day, it was held that the session after the recess was not a continuation of the evening session, and was not to be devoted to the business for which the evening session was set apart.-Journal, 2, 48, p. 557.

A motion to reconsider the vote by which the House refuses to take a recess is not in order.-Mr. O'Neil, of Massachusetts, Speaker pro tempore, Journal, 2, 52, p. 59. Upon appeal this decision was sustained-yeas 203, nays 6.

Pending a motion for a recess and before the question is submitted to the House, the hour to which the recess is proposed to be taken arrives. Held, that the vote must still be taken on the motion. Mr. Hatch, Speaker pro tempore, Journal 2, 50, p. 195.

On days when suspension of the rules is in order a motion to suspend the rules may be entertained pending a motion for a recess.-Journal, 2, 42, p. 1099.

A motion for a recess is amendable according to the practice of the House.

(See Motions; Privileged Questions.)

RECOGNITION.

When any Member desires to speak or deliver any matter to the House, he shall rise and respectfully address himself to "Mr. Speaker," and, on being recognized, may address the House from any place on the floor or from the Clerk's desk, and shall confine himself to the question under debate, avoiding personality.

When two or more Members rise at once, the Speaker shall

name the Member who is first to speak; and no Member shall occupy more than one hour in debate on any question in the House or in the committee, except as further provided in this rule.-Rule XIV, clauses 1 and 2.

If two or more rise to speak nearly together, the Speaker determines who was first up and calls him by name; whereupon he proceeds, unless he voluntarily sits down and gives way to the other. But sometimes the House does not acquiesce in the Speaker's decision, in which case the question is put, "Which Member was first up?"-Manual, p. 129. This is the practice in Parliament; but in the House of Representatives there is no appeal from the decision of the Speaker in such case.

It is a custom of long standing, however, for the Speaker to recognize first the Member moving or reporting a proposition. It is also the usage to alternate recognitions between the supporters and opponents of a measure.

Members of the committee reporting a measure under consideration are, according to the practice, given precedence in debate; but when a member of such committee has occupied the floor for one hour in favor of the measure and no other member of that committee seeks the floor in opposition, it is the practice to recognize a Member not on the committee to oppose the measure, although other members of the committee seek the floor to support it.-Journal, 1, 52, p. 152.

A motion to fix the day to which the House shall adjourn, a motion to adjourn, and to take a recess shall always be in order.-Rule XVI, clause 5. Consequently Members proposing such motions are usually given precedence in recognition.

A Member having the floor has the right to demand the previous question or make other appropriate motion relative to the pending proposition, although before such motion is made another Member seeks the floor to submit a motion of higher privilege, such as a motion to adjourn, or for a recess.-Journal, 1, 52, p. 288; ib. 290. After the inferior motion is submitted, however, the motion of higher privilege is immediately in order and must be first voted on.

A demand for the regular order of business is equivalent to an objection and may interrupt a Member asking unanimous

consent and prevent him from fully stating his request.Journal, 1, 52, p. 351.

If, during the debate, an incidental or subsidiary question is decided by the House against the mover of the main proposition, the right, by the usage, to recognition shifts to the opponents, and if they in turn are in like manner defeated, the control again shifts to the supporters of the measure.

The Member reporting the measure under consideration from a committee may open and close, where general debate has been had thereon; and if it shall extend beyond one day, he shall be entitled to one hour to close, notwithstanding he may have used an hour in opening.-Rule XIV, clause 3.

It is customary, under the recent practice of the House, to recognize, in preference to other Members, the Member having charge of a bill under consideration, for the purpose of offering, successively, such amendments as he may submit with a view of perfecting the bill.—Mr. Richardson, Chairman, Congressional Record, 2, 53, pp. 831, 887.

No Member shall speak more than once to the same question without leave of the House, unless he be the mover, proposer, or introducer of the matter pending, in which case he shall be permitted to speak in reply, but not until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken.-Rule XIV, clause 6. (See Speaker.)

RECOMMIT, MOTION TO.

GENERALLY.

Committal to the committee which has reported a measure or recommittal is the action usually taken when numerous amendments have been adopted or when it is found necessary to rearrange the text of a bill.

The motion to commit or recommit is. of the same rank with the motion to amend, and, in the House, is in order at any time that an amendment would be in order.

A motion to recommit is amendable, as other motions, unless amendment be precluded by ordering the previous question on such motion.-Journal 1, 49, p. 379.

An appropriation bill having been considered in Committee of the Whole and recommitted to the Committee on Appro

priations, and being by the latter committee again reported to the House without additional items of appropriation, is not subject to the point that it should be considered in Committee of the Whole.-Congressional Record, 1, 50, p. 4793.

A motion to recommit a conference report is not in order for the reason that such reports are not subject to the rules governing ordinary proceedings, the only question in order being on agreeing to the report.-Congressional Record, 2, 49, p. 880.

A motion to recommit, with leave to report at any time, was held to be a change of the rules and not in order.-Journal, 2, 47, p. 229.

A motion to recommit, coupled with a proposition that when the bill is again reported to the House it be assigned to a particular day for consideration, is not in order, the latter branch of the motion involving a change of the rules.-Congressional Record, 1, 51, p. 5813.

A division of the question is not in order on a motion to commit with instructions, or on the different branches of instructions.-Journals, 1, 17, p. 507; 1,31, pp. 1337, 1395; 1, 32, p. 611.

A motion to commit with instructions to report a certain amendment is not in order, if the proposed amendment is not in order as an amendment to the bill.-Journal, 1, 48, pp. 1247, 1248.

AFTER ENGROSSMENT AND THIRD READING,

The motion to commit or recommit would not be in order after the order for the engrossment and third reading of a bill had been passed, but for the express provision of Rule XVII, that, riz:

"It shall be in order, pending the motion for or after the previous question shall have been ordered on its passage, for the Speaker to entertain and submit a motion to commit, with or without instructions, to a standing or select committee."

This rule is construed to permit but one motion to recommit, which motion is amendable as other motions until the previous question is ordered thereon.

This motion to commit or recommit is held to be applicable to a simple resolution or order as well as to a bill, and is in order after the previous question is ordered on agreeing to the reso

lution or order or when the question is pending for a final vote. It is frequently resorted to pending the question on agreeing to resolutions reported by the committee in contested election

cases.

By analogy to the practice in the consideration of bills it is in order to move to recommit a resolution reported in a contested election case when the question is pending on the final disposition thereof.-Journal, 1, 52, p. 156.

The question being on agreeing to resolutions reported by the Committee on Elections, and a substitute being proposed, the previous question was demanded on the amendment and on agreeing to the resolutions recommended by the committee. The question of order being submitted whether it was in order at that stage to move to recommit the report Speaker Crisp held: The Chair thinks that motion is not in order at this time. The rule provides that a motion to recommit may be made either before or after the previous question is ordered upon the passage of a bill. It has been frequently held by presiding officers that the word "bill" in this case is used as a generic term, applying to and including all legislative propositions which can properly come before the House. So that in this case the House must first dispose of the substitute, which is but an amendment, and after the disposition of that, when the question shall be upon the original resolutions as amended or without amendment, the motion to recommit will be in order. Journal, 1, 52, p. 154.

When, in pursuance of Rule. XVII, a bill, pending the question on its passage, has been recommitted with instructions to the committee to amend it, and the bill as thus amended is again reported to the House, it occupies the same parliamentary status as when first reported to the House from the Committee of the Whole. It is in effect a different bill, and the vote must be again taken on the question: Shall the bill be read a third time? and when the question is again on its passage, it is again subject to one motion to commit, as provided in Rule XVII. (See ruling of Speaker Carlisle, Congressional Record, 1, 49, p. 6758.)

Under Rule XVII it is in order to move to recommit with instructions to report forthwith.-Congressional Record, 2, 51, pp. 3504-3506. It was also held that a bill recommitted, with