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The peafowl is also from southern Asia, where it is still found wild. The tame bird is not very different from the wild. The peafowl is domesticated for its splendid tail feathers. It is a bird of little sympathy, and likes to be alone.

The guinea-hen is from Africa. It is not thoroughly domesticated, and insists on leading a halfwild life yet. It is not found in domestication much, except in the southern United States.

It

The turkey is an American bird. It was hunted by the Indians with their bows and arrows. was easily domesticated because of its feeble flight and its instinct to live in the same locality. The turkey was domesticated by the Indians. It was called the turkey by the English, because when it was first taken to England it was mistakenly supposed to have come from Turkey.

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The ostrich is from Africa. It is a desert bird. ON It has only recently been domesticated. It is domesticated for its unrivalled plumes. These plumes are the tail and wing feathers. They are much more beautiful and humane articles of decoration than the feathers of song-birds. The plumes of the ostrich are plucked out or clipped. There are extensive ostrich farms in South Africa and Southern California. The ostrich is the only domesticated bird that does not fly in the wild state.

The goose is a descendant of the Canada wild goose, a bird found in all parts of the northern hemisphere. It is a gray bird. It haunts the

swamps and water-sides, living and rearing its young among the reeds and grasses. The tame goose retains much of its wild nature and many of its wild ways of acting. It is domesticated primarily for its feathers.

The domesticated duck is a Mallard. The wild duck has a strong and peculiarly beautiful flight. It summers in Greenland, Iceland, Lapland, and Siberia, and winters in India, Egypt, and the Isthmian regions of America.

The common domesticated swan is from the mute swan of eastern Europe and western Asia. It is spotless white, with a red bill and a black knob on the end of the bill.

The whistling swan inhabits Iceland, Lapland, and northern Russia. It has a coiled windpipe, and produces whistling or trumpeting tones. It goes to the tropics in winter.

The swans of the northern hemisphere are all white, while those of the southern hemisphere are more or less black, the Australian swan being jet black. The black swan for a long time existed only in rumor and vague report, and was generally supposed to be an impossibility. It is now almost exterminated in the wild state, but is extensively domesticated in Australia.

The canary bird is where it is found wild.

from the Canary Islands, It is a common house-bird

all over the world. The goldfinch and summer warbler are often by ignorant people called "wild

canaries." There are no wild canaries outside of their native islands.

Pigeons have been domesticated three or four thousand years. There are now perhaps 200 different varieties of the domesticated pigeon-carriers, tumblers, trumpeters, pouters, fantails, etc. All varieties of the domesticated pigeon have come

"THE ROCK-DOVE"

from the rock-dove of Europe. Pigeons mate for life. They are the only monogamous domesticated birds. They feed their young on "pigeon's milk," a liquid made from half-digested grain in the parental crop. The rock-dove is bluish in color, with two black bars on its wings. It is called the "rockdove" because it makes its home among rocks. 14. Domesticated Insects.

There are over a half-million species of insects already known to science. The insects form the big branch of the animal kingdom. Only three or four species out of this enormous array have been domesticated by man. Insects are too small and weak for burden-bearers, and they are not, as a rule, palatable to man.

The honey-bee was probably the first domesti

cated insect. Its home is in the Old World. It was not found originally in America. The wild bees of America are the swarms of domesticated bees that have escaped to the wild state. The honey-bee is now found domesticated in all lands where flowers bloom and where the honey-making season is long enough to enable it to store sufficient sweets to last thru the winter.

Bees live on "bread" and honey. The honey is the nectar which flowers secrete and present to the bee as compensation for the bee's services in bringing about cross-fertilization. The honey is sucked up and swallowed by the bee and carried home in its crop, and afterwards regurgitated into the honey cells. The "bread" of the bee is the pollen, which it gathers and carries home in the hairy baskets of its hind legs. Some flowers, as the rose, do not produce nectar at all, only pollen. The fragrance of such flowers is in the petals or leaves. In the eglantine (sweetbrier) the leaves are more fragrant than the flowers. Wild bees make their homes in hollow trees and rock cavities.

Bees do not store honey in the tropics much, because of the abundance of flowers the year round.

The social organization of the honey-bee is of a very high order, higher than that of any vertebrate animal, not even excepting man.

The "silk-worm" is not a worm at all, but a baby moth.

The silk-moth has long been domesticated. It is a native of the highlands of China. And the Chinese domesticated it first. It is domesticated for the silk spun by the larva (caterpillar) when it passes into the pupa stage of development. The silk is the couch or cradle for the insect during its pupal sleep.

The silk is a liquid in the glands of the caterpillar, and hardens on exposure to the air, like the silk of the spider. The glands open by a common duct near the mouth of the larva.

China, Japan, and France are the great silkproducing countries of the earth. As many as ten million human beings are engaged in the silk industry.

The domesticated silk-moth has been in captivity so long that it has become flightless, like the domesticated birds. The larva, or caterpillar, of the silk-moth feeds on the leaves of the mulberry.

The cochineal insect is a little red bug inhabiting Mexico. It lives naturally on the cactus. The dye (cochineal) is made from the brilliant bodies of these insects. The bodies are dried and ground up. Cochineal was used by the Indians as a dye before the coming of the Spaniards. It was long supposed by Europeans to be a seed. The bug has been transplanted to Spain and the Canaries, and a large part of the world's supply of cochineal now comes from these lands.

15. Summary and Conclusion.

Sponges and oysters are now "farmed" in many

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